Quidditch (sports)
Quidditch is a mixed-gender is full contact - sport combining elements of rugby , handball and dodgeball combines. The brooms, which have to be carried between the legs as a handicap, are characteristic.
The sport is based on the fictional game Quidditch from the Harry Potter universe. Real Quidditch has now moved away from this model and has developed into a sport with its own dynamic.
history
Real Quidditch was developed in 2005 by Xander Manshel and Alex Benepe, two students at Middlebury College in Vermont . It was clear from the start that it should be a mixed-gender, full-contact sport. In 2007 there was finally the first game against the selection of another college. At the same time, the Intercollegial Quidditch Association was created, which was renamed the International Quidditch Association (IQA) shortly afterwards , when the first Quidditch team outside the United States was founded in Canada. From 2008 to 2014, the IQA hosted the Quidditch World Cup annually in the USA, a tournament to which teams from all over the world were invited. While only twelve teams competed in the first World Cup (eleven from the USA, one from Canada), 96 teams from the USA, Canada and Finland played in 2011 at World Cup IV in New York City in front of 10,000 spectators.
Analogous to the growth of the sport beyond the USA, the Quidditch Summer Games took place in Oxford in 2012 , in which the national teams from Australia, France, Great Britain, Canada and the USA played for the title of world champion. The venue was specifically chosen to be in the direct vicinity of the Olympic Games in London . Since then, the Quidditch World Cup has been held every two years. In 2014, seven nations competed against each other in Burnaby, Canada . The 2016 World Cup took place in July 2016 with a total of 21 teams in Frankfurt am Main and thus in Germany. After the USA won the first two championships, Australia became world champions.
In order to take account of the global spread of Quidditch and to sufficiently coordinate the sport on an international level, the previously US-centered International Quidditch Association was fundamentally redesigned in 2014. The former IQA was restructured into the US national association US Quidditch and a new International Quidditch Association was established. This international umbrella organization consists of representatives from all recognized national associations (currently 18, many of them also founded as part of the restructuring).
In 2015, the first Quidditch European Championship took place in Sarteano, Italy. From the twelve participating nations, France prevailed against Great Britain in the final.
At the 2016 World Cup in Frankfurt am Main, a nation other than the USA won the World Cup for the first time. Australia won against the USA in the final. This final was also the first final of a world championship that was not won to zero.
Gameplay
The set of rules of the US Quidditch Association USQ , which is currently (as of December 2016) in its 10th edition, has meanwhile established itself as the international standard of all national associations belonging to the International Quidditch Association and formulates the set of rules as follows:
Balls
There are a total of five balls in play:
- The Schnatz ( snitch ) is a tennis ball , which - in a sock (in the waistband of a neutral yellow clad player - plugged Snitch Runners , also snitcher called) is placed. Snitch pants are used in official games these days. The snitch pants are nothing more than a tennis ball in a sock, which is attached to a pair of pants with a Velcro fastener. The snitch is released after 18 minutes of playing time. As soon as the sock is pulled out of the snitch runner's waistband, the game ends and the team that catches the snitch receives an additional 30 points.
By 2014, the Schnatz was already released from the 10th minute of the game. The snitch runner was out of sight of the field for the first ten minutes or so, however, so the seekers had to search for him in the whole vicinity. This regulation was abolished with the 8th edition of the US Quidditch Rulebook . - The three bludgers can be used to disrupt the flow of other players. As soon as a player is hit by a bludger, he is considered knocked out : He must let go of the ball he was holding, take away his broom, run back to his goal hoop and touch one of these before he can intervene again in the game.
- The quaffle ( quaffle ) is a volleyball with which points can be scored by being thrown by the opposing team through one of the three rings attached to different heights, which are called hoops . Such a goal earns the attacking team 10 points. Only hunters and guardians are allowed to touch the Quaffle and score goals. Hunters are still allowed to use the Quaffle to fend off Bludger attacks.
Game positions
The different positions within the teams are marked with different colored headbands. The seven players take on the following roles within the teams:
- Three hunters ( chaser ; white headbands) try to score points with the Quaffle by throwing it through one of the opponent's three rings (hoops), which are attached at different heights. When it comes to chasers, a distinction is made between point chaser and wing chaser.
- A guardian ( keeper ; green headband) tried the rings his team from the attacks of enemy fighters to defend (eg comparable with that. Goalkeeper in soccer ). He is also the only one authorized to fend off the Quaffle if his arm goes through one of the hoops.
- Two drivers ( beater ; black headbands) try to disrupt the flow of the game of the opposing team by throwing the clappers at them and forcing the opponents hit to retreat briefly.
- A seeker ( seeker ; golden or yellow headband) tries to catch the snitch from the 18th minute of the game in order to score points and end the game. This is the case as soon as one of the two rival seekers was able to pull the sock containing the Snitch out of the waistband of the snitch runner . Only the two seekers are allowed to catch the snitch.
- The snitch runner (yellow clothing) with the snitch in his waistband only comes onto the field after 17 minutes of play. The two seekers have to catch the snitch (pull it out of the waistband).
Up to 2016, a maximum of four of the six players on a team (excluding the seekers) were allowed to belong to the same gender, which means that mixed-gender team structures - as is common in the fictional Quidditch of the Harry Potter novels - are inevitable. According to the current 10th edition of the US Quidditch Rulebook, the seeker is no longer excluded from the so-called gender maximum rule. As a result of this change, the gender ratio within a team shifted towards 4: 3 instead of the previous 4: 2.
broom
A special feature of the real Quidditch - and a tribute to the literary model - is the fact that each player a bar (the broom / broom ) between the thighs must clamp. This is usually held by one hand of the player, but can also be fixed simply by putting legs together. The bar can be between 81 centimeters and 1.06 meters long. The broom makes it difficult for the players to have only one hand free to play with the balls and / or to experience a restriction while running.
matchfield
The playing field consists of a rectangle 60 m long and 33 m wide. There are two goal lines, each 16.5 m away from the center line, on each of which there are three hoops. The so-called guardian zone line is located between the goal line and the center line. 11 m from the center line. The two guardian zones are located between the end of the playing field and the respective guardian zone line.
Goal rings
Each team has three goal rings (81 to 86 centimeters in diameter) that are mounted on poles 3 feet (0.91 meters), 4.5 feet (1.37 meters) and 6 feet (1.83 meters) high Meters).
Course of the game
Before kick-off, the players kneel behind the starting line of their respective team; the three bludgers and the quaffle lie on the center line of the playing field. The game begins with the Brooms Up! of the referee, after which the players (with the brooms clamped between their legs) run towards the center line and want to be the first to reach the balls.
If a foul is committed, there are different constellations - depending on the severity of the case:
- Back to the tires: The punished, knocked-out player must run back to the goal rings of his own team and touch one of these before he can actively intervene in the game again.
- Blue card: The penalized player must spend one minute outside the field of play. If the opposing team scores a goal during this period, the person may also participate in the game early.
- Yellow card: The same penalty as for the blue card, with the difference that a player who receives two yellow cards within a game is shown the red card.
- Red card: the player is excluded from the rest of the game. His team has to play two minutes less with one player before a substitute can take part in the game.
If a player is hit by a bludger, he is considered knocked out : He must drop the ball he was holding, run back to his own tires and touch one of these before he can actively intervene in the game again.
If a goal is scored, the main referee will indicate this with two arms extended upwards; the playing time is not stopped. The ball is brought back to life by the goalkeeper in the keeper zone as soon as he touches the Quaffle. Usually the keeper tries to give the ball to the hunter as quickly as possible in order to open a fast attacking game as long as the opponent's defense has not yet been sorted. The team that scores a goal receives 10 points.
After 17 minutes of play, the snitch runner is sent onto the field, and from minute 18 the two seekers are chased down. If one of the two seekers pulls the sock containing the snitch out of the waistband of the snitch runner , the referees will discuss whether the catch was legitimate ( good ). If it wasn't, the game continues. If it was, the game is over and the snitch-catching team receives 30 points. The team that has the most points at the end of the game after catching the snitch wins the game.
Fouls and penalties
In Quidditch there are various ways of committing a foul or forcing the referee to intervene. Possible referee reactions are as follows:
- Warnings: In the event of unsportsmanlike behavior by the players (e.g. delaying the game, abusive behavior).
- Demand for repetitions: Standard situations are repeated if they are executed incorrectly.
- Back to the tires: a player gets off the broom in an ongoing game; unintentional illegal tackles; deliberately leaving the field of play during a game (with or without the ball); Ignoring the three second immunity period of the snitch runner.
- Quaffle must be given to opponents: A knocked out player passes the Quaffle; deliberately leaving the field of play during a game (with or without the ball); prohibited tackles; a player affects the trajectory of a ball that he is not authorized to play.
- Blue card: Incorrect behavior at the start of the game (with Brooms Down! And Brooms Up! ); if a seeker enters the field of play before the 18th minute of the game; repeated, unintentional sliding or tipping of a tire; deliberately playing on a ball for which one is not entitled to play; Influencing the game as a knocked out player who would first have to touch one of his own tires; unsportsmanlike conduct after first warnings; Prohibited tackles.
- Yellow card: disregarding the referee's instructions; Shifting or tipping over of a tire; Intervention in the game after relegation from the broom or after a knock-out ; increased unsportsmanlike behavior; Swallows or fake injuries; prohibited tackles; Deliberately playing on a ball that the player is not allowed to play on.
- Red card: playing with a broken broom (this must be replaced); serious unsportsmanlike conduct; serious physical attacks, including through unauthorized use of balls; Intervention in the game from outside as a substitute player.
- Further penalties: If a player refuses to leave the field of play after receiving the red card and if this is still a danger for those present, there may also be measures that go beyond the actual game, for example permanent exclusion from official activities of the team.
meaning
Quidditch is becoming increasingly known and popular, as it has from the beginning, especially in the university environment. The International Quidditch Association currently consists of 18 national associations. The sport is also growing rapidly in numerous other countries such as Russia , India , New Zealand or Peru and other South American countries. Africa is the only continent where Quidditch has hardly been played: only Uganda and South Africa have significant activities. According to the IQA, there are currently (as of November 2015) over 300 teams in more than 20 countries.
2014 was Mudbloods (English for Mudbloods ) a documentary , released the Quidditch team of UCLA accompanied on their way to the World Series in New York 2011th The film was shown at various film festivals and received international media attention.
While Quidditch has been in the public eye for a long time in the USA and Canada, more and more reports are being made about local, but also increasingly about international activities in German-speaking countries.
IQA World Cup
The IQA World Cup (formerly: IQA Global Games ) is the official Quidditch World Cup that has been held every two years by the International Quidditch Association since 2012 . The United States is the title holder and record world champion with three victories .
European Games
The European Championships ( European Games ) are organized by the IQA European Standing Committee . Likewise the European Cup of the club teams.
The 2019 winners were the Berlin Bluecaps in Warsaw.
National Associations
The following national associations are recognized by the International Quidditch Association :
|
|
Quidditch in Germany
| Full members in Germany | city |
|---|---|
| Augsburg Owls | augsburg |
| Kelpies Bamberg | Bamberg |
| Berlin Bluecaps | Berlin |
| Berlin Bludgers | Berlin |
| Bielefeld basilisk | Bielefeld |
| Binger Beasts | Bingen |
| Ruhr Phoenix | Bochum |
| Rheinos Bonn | Bonn |
| Brunswick Broomicorns | Braunschweig |
| Portkeys Bremen | Bremen |
| Darmstadt Athenas | Darmstadt |
| Deluminators Dresden | Dresden |
| Düsseldorf Dementors | Dusseldorf |
| Broom Breakers | Feuerbach |
| Frankfurt mainticores | Frankfurt a. M. |
| Black Forest Bowtruckles | Freiburg |
| Göttingen geese | Goettingen |
| Horcruxes Hall | Hall |
| Hamburg werewolves | Hamburg |
| Hanover Niffler | Hanover |
| Swooping Evils | Hanover |
| Heidelberg HellHounds | Heidelberg |
| Jena Jobberknolls | Jena |
| Jupiter's Jülich | Jülich |
| Flying Foxes Karlsruhe | Karlsruhe |
| Keel kelpies | Kiel |
| Cologne Cannons | Cologne |
| Looping Lux Leipzig | Leipzig |
| Otto's Occamys | Magdeburg |
| Mannheim griffins | Mannheim |
| Munich Wolpertinger | Munich |
| Munster Marauders | Muenster |
| Mighty Ducks Offenburg | Offenburg |
| Dobby's Bludger | Oldenburg |
| Three River Dragons | Passau |
| Thunderbirds Trier | trier |
| Tübingen thestrals | Tübingen |
| Development members in Germany | city |
|---|---|
| SkyHogs Berlin | Berlin |
| Bielefeld Bludgers | Bielefeld |
| Concordia Kleve | Kleve |
| QC Neckarsulm | Neckarsulm |
| Raging Broomsticks | Paderborn |
| Biting crups | Zossen |
| Teams under construction in Germany | city |
|---|---|
| Aquila Berlin | Berlin |
| Confluentes Comets | Koblenz |
| Eichstatt blizzards | Eichstatt |
| Pouring Griffins | to water |
| Flying Raccoons Kassel | kassel |
| SanssouSea Serpents Potsdam | Potsdam |
| Quidditch Wiesbaden | Wiesbaden |
The first German Quidditch Championship took place in Darmstadt in January 2016. The Rheinos Bonn were able to prevail against five other teams.
On the weekend of 23/24 July 2016 the IQA Quidditch World Cup took place in Frankfurt am Main , where Germany's team won the game against Slovenia and the 11th place against Catalonia in the preliminary round match against South Korea and in the round for 9-16th place . The world championship was organized by the IQA and the Sports Office of the City of Frankfurt. At the national level, the sport is organized by the German Quidditch Federation (DQB). This consists of the full members, who take part in all official events and have voting rights at the general assembly, and the development members who strive for full membership in the future.
The second German Quidditch Championship took place on June 3rd and 4th, 2017 in Jena. 21 teams competed. The Three River Dragons Passau secured the title of German champion ahead of the Rheinos Bonn and the Darmstadt Athenas .
On April 28 and 29, 2018, the European Quidditch Cup (EQC) 2018 was held in Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm.
The third German championship was held in Frankfurt on June 2nd and 3rd, 2018. 27 teams took part; the final won the Darmstadt Athenas with 150 *: 100 against the Three River Dragons Passau ; Third place went to Looping Lux Leipzig. The German championship 2019 took place on June 8th and 9th, 2019 in Tornesch ; 34 of 35 teams competed. The Darmstadt Athenas won again in the final with 170 *: 110 against the Rheinos Bonn , the Heidelberg Hellhounds secured third place .
Quidditch in Switzerland
The Swiss Quidditch Association organizes the Swiss championships every year. The first winner in 2017 was the Turicum Thunderbirds from Zurich, the second Swiss champion in 2018 was the Basel Basilisks, who handed the title back to Turicum Thunderbirds in 2019. Since 2018 there has been a league operation over the winter half-year, the first Swiss Quidditch league 2018/2019 won the Turicum Thunderbirds. Due to COVID-19 , all official Quidditch events will be canceled in 2020, which is why Turicum Thunderbirds remain reigning champions and league champions.
| Teams in Switzerland | city |
|---|---|
| Basel basilisks | Basel |
| Bernese Boggarts | Bern |
| Geneva Goblins | Geneva |
| Pilatus Patronus | Lucerne |
| Muslim bowtruckles | Mosnang |
| Occamys Olten | Olten |
| Phoenix Solothurn | Solothurn |
| Turicum Thunderbirds | Zurich |
| Turicum Lightning Sparrows | Zurich (children & youth team) |
Quidditch in Austria
Quidditch Austria organizes the international friendship tournament Danube Cup every October.
| Teams in Austria | city |
|---|---|
| Vienna Vanguards | Vienna |
| Danube Direwolves | Vienna |
| Graz Grimms | Graz |
| Steelcity Snidgets | Linz |
| Fortress Falcons | Salzburg |
Web links
- International Quidditch Association website
- US Quidditch website
- Website of the German Quidditch Federation
- Quidditch Austria website
- Website of the Swiss Quidditch Association
Individual evidence
- ↑ René Gralla: Perfect broom feeling (new Germany) . ( neue-deutschland.de [accessed on July 23, 2018]).
- ^ History. US Quidditch, accessed November 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Quidditch World Cup 2011: NYC Tournament Highlights [VIDEO]. International Business Insider, accessed November 28, 2015 .
- ↑ About. (No longer available online.) International Quidditch Association, archived from the original September 4, 2014 ; Retrieved November 26, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Quidditch, Almost At The Olympics. BU Today, accessed November 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Harry Potter sport quidditch gains fans as Australia returns from Global Games with silver medal. ABC, accessed November 28, 2015 .
- ^ World Cup 2016. (No longer available online.) International Quidditch Association, archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; accessed on November 28, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Australia is world champion in Quidditch. faz.net, accessed July 25, 2016 .
- ↑ About. (No longer available online.) International Quidditch Association, archived from the original September 4, 2014 ; accessed on November 28, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ France beats Britain to win first European Quidditch Games. The Guardian, accessed November 28, 2015 .
- ↑ US Quidditch Rulebook. Ninth Edition. (PDF) US Quidditch, accessed November 6, 2015 .
- ^ Rules. (No longer available online.) International Quidditch Association, archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; accessed on November 6, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Rules. (No longer available online.) International Quidditch Association, archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; accessed on November 6, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ A brief overview of Quidditch. (No longer available online.) German Quidditch Association, archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; accessed on November 6, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ US Quidditch Rulebook
- ↑ 10th Edition of Rulebook Released | US Quidditch. In: www.usquidditch.org. Retrieved October 10, 2016 .
- ↑ IQA Rulebook 2018–2020. (PDF) IQA, p. 13f. , accessed April 12, 2019 .
- ↑ US Quidditch Rulebook. Ninth Edition. (PDF) US Quidditch, p. 31 , accessed November 6, 2015 .
- ↑ US Quidditch Rulebook. Ninth Edition. (PDF) US Quidditch, p. 18 , accessed November 17, 2015 .
- ↑ US Quidditch Rulebook. Ninth Edition. (PDF) US Quidditch, pp. 171f. , accessed November 6, 2015 .
- ^ The international governing body for the sport of quidditch. International Quidditch Association, accessed November 16, 2015 .
- ↑ Mudbloods (2014). International Movie Database, accessed November 23, 2015 .
- ↑ About. (No longer available online.) International Quidditch Association, archived from the original September 4, 2014 ; accessed on November 23, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Mudbloods - A Film About Quidditch. Retrieved November 23, 2015 .
- ^ Quidditch is real, and it wants to go pro. CNN , November 21, 2014, accessed November 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Watch out, Muggles: Quidditch is a sport! Jessica Luther, VICE , April 14, 2015, accessed November 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Quidditch in Passau: Hexenzauber on Inn and Danube. Bayerischer Rundfunk , October 31, 2015, archived from the original on October 31, 2015 ; accessed on November 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Muggles hunt the golden snitch. derStandard.at , May 7, 2015, accessed on November 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Harry Potter's broom rugby in real mud. Zeit Online , December 5, 2012, accessed November 23, 2015 .
- ^ IQA, European sub-organization: European Standing Committee , European Games , European Quidditch Cup
- ↑ Berlin Bluecaps win European Quidditch championship
- ^ National Governing Bodies. International Quidditch Association
- ^ Homepage of the Hannover Niffler
- ^ Swooping Evils website
- ^ Mighty Ducks Offenburg ETSV. Retrieved February 21, 2019 .
- ↑ Homepage of the Three River Dragons Passau
- ↑ Bonn is German Champion 2016. German Quidditch Association, accessed on February 4, 2016 .
- ↑ To the Quidditch World Cup 2016 in Germany: Quidditch World Cup in Frankfurt - In Search of the Sock ( Memento from July 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) from Frankfurter Rundschau online from July 24, 2016
- ↑ Super User: Membership. Retrieved January 22, 2018 (German).
- ↑ Review of the German Championship 2017. German Quidditch Association, June 8, 2017, accessed on August 20, 2017 .
- ^ European Quidditch Cup. Quidditch Europe, accessed January 6, 2018 .
- ↑ Review of the German Championship 2018 . German Quidditch Federation, June 9, 2018.
- ^ Website of the Turicum Thunderbirds
- ^ Website of the Turicum Lightning Sparrows
