Schanfiggerstrasse
The Schanfiggerstrasse ( called Arosastrasse in the official address register ) is a cantonal road in Graubünden , which connects the canton capital Chur with the health resort Arosa over a length of 30.63 km . In Schanfigg , there is a second cantonal road, Tschiertscherstrasse on the left side of the valley.
Route and characteristics
The Schanfiggerstrasse, officially named by the cantonal cantonal connecting road 740.00 and by the federal government Hauptstrasse 566 , begins at the Churer Obertor on the Plessur and leads via Plessurquai past the Bischöflichen Hof and the Bündner Kantonsschule through the Schanfigg to the Egga in Innerarosa, where the Schanfigger Heimatmuseum is located. The road below the village leads past Maladers and crosses Castiel , St. Peter , Peist , Langwies and the Sunnen - and the Litzirüti . It overcomes around 1,280 meters in altitude without taking into account the counter slope.
The very winding road runs in a geologically difficult area almost entirely above the Arosa Railway and until shortly before Litzirüti consistently on the right side of the valley; there it crosses the Plessur to stay on the left side until the end point. For topographical reasons, Schanfiggerstrasse does not have a uniform gradient. On the first 8.5 km between Chur and Castiel it climbs sharply and overcomes 580 meters in altitude. On the following 15.5 km to the Plessurbrücke at Litzirüti, there is a comparatively low 225 meters in altitude before another 480 meters on the last 6.63 km route.
history
The Alte Churerweg (Alte Schanfiggerstrasse)
In the Middle Ages and in the early modern period, the Schanfigg was only accessible by mule tracks, some of which led further over the Strela Pass to Davos and connected Chur with the Valtellina as part of a high-speed trade connection via the Scalettapass - Livigno . Some remains of it are still there, for example the section of the Old Churerweg in the urban area of Chur, known today as the Alte Schanfiggerstrasse . This started at Martinsplatz and led past Marsöl to Schanfiggertörli , where it left the former city wall below Hofstrasse in the direction of St. Luzikirche . From there it went on today's Schanfigger Höhenweg past the cemetery Hof through the episcopal vineyard to the Konvikt of the Bündner canton school and in a south-easterly direction to the Brandacker , where the old path crossed the canton road and led directly to the Maladerser Oberdorf. Above Maladers, too, the route took a different course than today's Schanfiggerstrasse. It led through all the ravines and practically all the villages on the right side of the valley. The route from Chur to Langwies was estimated to be about 5½ hours. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Alte Churerweg from Langwies to Chur was the most important year-round connection in Schanfigg, although in summer the Arosians mainly used the fastest route for them via the Carmenna and the Scheidegg - Ochsenalp to Chur connection . In 1848 a permanent postman connection was established in Schanfigg, with the Langwieser pastor taking over the delivery of the post between Arosa and Langwies on Sundays.
Projects for a valley road in Schanfigg
In 1844 the Schanfigg valley communities (excluding Arosa) discussed the construction of a fully-fledged road for the first time. The inner communities (Langwies, Peist and Molinis) favored a line in the valley floor along the Plessur to Chur, while the outer ones (St. Peter, Pagig , Castiel, Lüen , Calfreisen and Maladers) called for the improvement of the old path along the villages. The result of these negotiations, which were also attended by representatives of the Tschiertschen and Praden communities , was the decision to issue a tender to the communities involved. It was assumed that the city of Chur would support a route along the Plessur if it wanted to participate at all. However, the project initially fizzled out. Only after the opening of the railway line through the Rhine Valley to Chur in 1858 did the matter become topical again, now as the shortest connection from the canton's capital to the up-and-coming health resort of Davos. The Graubünden government finally decided to build a connecting road between Chur and Langwies. This could only be continued over the Strela Pass to Davos. As was also the case with the construction of the Arosa Railway later, three different routes were studied again, whereby the decision was finally made in favor of the variant that exists today.
Construction of the Kantonsstrasse 1873–1875 and 1888–1890
Between 1873 and 1875 the new cantonal connecting road was built according to the plans of chief engineer Fritz von Salis . It had a continuous width of 3.6 meters and initially only led to Langwies. The costs for this 21.8 km route amounted to CHF 481,000. The road, which opened on September 15, 1875, was reserved for stagecoaches with a capacity of 12 people. When the first guest houses and hotels were opened in Arosa around 1877, a pack horse provided the transport connection via Untersee –Bruuchhalde – Litzirüti to Langwies. At the same time, the call for a continuation of the cantonal road to Arosa was unmistakable. As early as April 1881, the Aroser Sovereign approved a corresponding contribution to costs in the amount of CHF 18,000. However, discussions about costs and routing delayed implementation and thus were able to interested parties canton of Grisons, Arosa, Langwies, Chur and Maienfeld until 1885 to agree on the definitive project that the road instead of via undersea new in black and Obersee over to Egga led . The road, which is only 3.2 m wide and 10.1 km long, was finally built in 1888–1890 and cost CHF 125,174. The opening took place in early July 1890, which was synonymous with the establishment of a new stagecoach connection between Chur and Arosa. At first two courses a day ran on this route, later three. In the first year, a total of 490 people drove to and from Arosa. In 1910 there were already 6,880. The horse mail terminus was initially at the Pension Leinegga in Innerarosa, later at the Alte Post on today's Arosa village square. The journey time in summer was six hours uphill and three hours downhill. The era of horse mail ended between Chur and Arosa with one last journey on December 11, 1914. After that, all public transport was via the newly built Arosa Railway .
Expansion of Schanfiggerstrasse
The increase in traffic to the rapidly expanding health resort of Arosa soon made the single-lane road too narrow. As early as 1897, a petition was therefore sent to the cantonal government to widen the "Landstrasse". In 1902, the Arosa community assembly decided to cover the additional costs for widening the Langwies-Arosa section to 4.5 m instead of 4.2 m. The implementation took place in 1904. The widened road had to cope with all traffic to Arosa until 1914. On July 26, 1915, the Schanfiggerstrasse was used for the first time by a military car from Chur to Arosa, but it remained closed to general car traffic until 1927.
When the cantonal road traffic laws defined it as a valley road that year and opened it to automobile traffic, a new era began for Schanfiggerstrasse, which had been almost deserted since 1914. This quickly led to further construction work, in particular the widening of individual particularly narrow passages and the removal of overly disturbing rock outcrops . Road marking was also set up. In the years 1930 to 1933, the road in the village of Arosa was substantially rebuilt, with the exception of the Kulm-Egga section. The width of the Arosa "Poststrasse" was then 5.5 m and the sidewalk was now three meters. In addition, an asphalt surface or paving was applied. On steep slopes, the sidewalk had to be cantilevered over long stretches . Most of the renovation costs were borne by the municipality of Arosa.
In 1934 further expansion work was carried out on the entire Schanfiggerstrasse, with the Kurverein and the municipality of Arosa granting the canton appropriate loans. In 1937 he finally approved CHF 300,000 for widening bridges, blind spots and narrow sections. In 1947 the road was opened for trucks and buses weighing up to eight tons. In 1954, the Swiss Automobile Club equipped Schanfiggerstrasse with an SOS telephone network with a total of 16 telephone stations. Until a few years ago, the last six devices were located at Gross-Rangg below Arosa (SOS-Rangg), at the Plessurbrücke Litzirüti, at Frauentobel / Peist, in the Clasaurerwald, at the Calfreisen tunnel (west) and above the Brandackers / Maladers. Between 1955 and 1960, Arosa again advanced substantial sums of money to the canton of Graubünden without interest in order to enable a further accelerated expansion of Schanfiggerstrasse. This enabled asphalting between Maladers and Arosa and a provisional paving in the three large ravines.
In 1970, 1982 and 1988 the problematic or geologically troubled passages in Frauen- / Gründjitobel, Calfreisertobel and Clasaurertobel were bypassed by means of tunnels of 300 m, 425 m and 370 m in length. A little later, the narrow St. Luzi tunnel above Chur was expanded to almost twice its width. The most complex construction of the route, however, is the Castielertobel bridge near Castiel , which opened in 2004 and defuses the last difficult stretch of Schanfiggerstrasse.
Modern street and other projects
Today's Schanfiggerstrasse still contains 360 curves after further corrections, straightening, engineering structures and widening according to the information at the Starthüsli Arosa. The actual number, however, is likely to be lower, as an automobile specialist apparently discovered as early as 1953. Regardless of this, Arosa Tourism has been advertising for some time with a special campaign for the acquisition of a virtual sponsorship for the individual curves. The proceeds from this campaign will be used in various charitable projects. The last asphalted section of Schanfiggerstrasse was Poststrasse in Arosa between Kulm and Egga at the end of the 1970s. The current construction measures mainly concern the successive renewal of the partly badly battered pavement and widening measures in individual villages, such as in St. Peter until 2015.
The road is between the city of Chur and the entrance to the village of Arosa vortritt entitled . The maximum permissible speed is 80 km / h outside of town and 50 km / h inside town. Between the Sand swimming pool and the Alte Schanfiggerstrasse junction in Chur, the limit is 40 km / h and in Maladers it is 60 km / h. A speed of 30 km / h is voluntary on Poststrasse Arosa. There has been a postbus connection from Chur train station to Peist since April 1, 1981 , after Maladers (from May 15, 1935), Castiel (from May 15, 1940) and St. Peter (from May 5, 1957) were the terminus of the motorized post connection had been.
The construction of the St. Luzibrücke , required by the broad Schanfigger and Chur districts, is currently being planned (as of 2013) , which will connect Schanfiggerstrasse directly to Julierstrasse , bypassing Chur's old town . The possibility of a tunnel connection from Langwies or Arosa to Davos and the approval of 2.5 m wide buses on Schanfiggerstrasse have also been discussed several times. The former recently took a back seat in favor of a (visionary) rail project, and the latter requires a considerable expansion of the entire route.
In autumn 2013, extensive clearing was carried out along the Schanfiggerstrasse, especially at Maladers, Peist and above Litzirüti . While the Peist area involved actual securing work, the other locations involved interventions on behalf of the Graubünden civil engineering department. The reason was the still insufficient expansion of the road for heavy transports. The medium to long-term goal is apparently the clearance of the Schanfiggerstrasse for vehicles with a width of 2.5 meters and a weight of 32 tons. This should be made possible by means of a continuous street width of six meters and a clear height of 4.5 meters. This clearing work, especially at the Nasstobel below Maladers, serves to prepare for major road renovations, which are to be implemented by 2016 at a cost of CHF 7.5 million. With this measure, the planning regarding the St. Luzibrücke is also taken into account, should this actually be realized in the foreseeable future.
In view of the Schanfigg community merger, the Tschiertschen-Praden community would have needed a winter-safe expansion of the Tschiertschen-Molinis forest road. In the absence of relevant cantonal financial contributions, Tschiertschen-Praden had to give up the accession plan. The construction of a pass road over the Strela Pass has not been an issue since the early 1970s.
Use of the Schanfiggerstrasse for sport and leisure purposes
The Schanfiggerstrasse has a long tradition as a sports and leisure facility due to its special route. From 1897 to the mid-1930s, it was used as a permanent bobsleigh and toboggan run between Arosa and Litzirüti . Since the admission of motorized individual traffic in 1927, automobile and motorcycle clubs from all over Europe have been organizing regular star trips and excursions to the rearmost Schanfigg. The Chur-Arosa mountain bike race has been taking place in late summer for around 30 years .
The Tour de Suisse has already used the route eleven times as the final ascent of a day's stage ( 1946 , 1948 , 1952 , 1959 , 1970 , 1989 , 1993 , 1999 , 2000 , 2005 and 2012 ). In 1987 the Tour de Sol was a guest on Schanfiggerstrasse. In 2005, the Arosa ClassicCar international hill climb was held for the first time between Langwies and Arosa. Parts of the Poststrasse in Arosa were and are regularly used for various events such as toboggan and soap box races , the Arosa Winter Festival, the Arosa Triathlon or the Arosa sports relay .
gallery
Plessurquai Chur with the Arosabahn
Arosastrasse in Chur with the old Schanfiggerstrasse
Kanzel lookout point between Chur and Maladers
Calfreisertobel tunnel and bridge
Castielertobel Bridge
Clasaurertobel tunnel with old and new bridge
Approximately half of the route at St. Peter
Destroyed street area in the Frauentobel between Peist and Langwies
The street around 1890 at Langwies Platz. At the top right the Strela Pass
The Tour de Suisse in the final ascent at Litzirüti
The Alte Post in Arosa, the terminus of the horse mail
The Egga, the end of the Schanfiggerstrasse
literature
- Ueli Haldimann , Tibert Keller, Georg Jäger : Experience Chur-Arosa-Bahn - Foray through the Schanfigg , AS Verlag & Buchkonzept AG, Zurich 2014, ISBN 978-3-906055-25-1 , p. 52 f.
- Markus Joos: The pastor once brought the mail to Arosa. In: Terra Grischuna . 1/2011, p. 3.
- Marcel Just, Christof Kübler, Matthias Noell (eds.): Arosa - Modernism in the mountains . gta, Zurich 2007, ISBN 978-3-85676-214-8 , pp. 15, 40-44.
- Ueli Haldimann (Ed.): Hermann Hesse, Thomas Mann and others in Arosa - texts and images from two centuries. AS Verlag und Buchkonzept, Zurich 2001, ISBN 3-905111-67-5 , pp. 19–21, 32–36.
- Lots of traffic during carriage time. In: Terra Grischuna . 59th year, issue 1, Terra Grischuna Verlag, Chur 2000, ISSN 1011-5196 , p. 3.
- Hans Danuser : Arosa - as it was back then (1996–2003). Vol. 7, self-published by Danuser, Arosa 2004, pp. 16, 39, 56, 69, 93, 120.
- Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1979–1995). Vol. 6, Eigenverlag Danuser, Arosa 2002, pp. 25, 29, 48, 62, 68, 93, 108, 118, 129, 132, 143, 160, 174, 182, 204, 216, 231.
- Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1962–1978). Vol. 5, self-published by Danuser, Arosa 2001, pp. 34, 45, 57, 75, 111, 130, 142, 172, 184, 191, 209, 222, 234.
- Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1947–1961). Vol. 4, self-published by Danuser, Arosa 2000, pp. 19, 48, 65, 73, 105, 109, 118, 132, 144, 164, 189, 199, 205, 216.
- Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1928–1946). Vol. 3, Eigenverlag Danuser, Arosa 1999, pp. 42 ff., 59, 68, 84, 101, 103, 110, 115, 129, 132, 152, 159, 245, 248.
- Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1907–1928). Vol. 2, self-published by Danuser, Arosa 1998, pp. 40, 53.
- Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1850–1907). Vol. 1, self-published by Danuser, Arosa 1997, pp. 18, 19, 48, 51, 56 ff., 68, 76, 157, 163, 166.
- Hans Danuser, Walser Association Graubünden (ed.): Old ways in Schanfigg. Publishing house Walser Association Graubünden, Splügen 1997.
- Hans Hofmann: Chur – Arosa, about the construction and operation of the railway. 2nd Edition. Calanda Verlag H. Hofmann, Chur 1989/93, ISBN 3-905260-11-5 , pp. 14-17.
- Hans Danuser, Ruedi Homberger: Arosa and the Schanfigg. Self-published by Danuser / Homberger, Arosa 1988, pp. 118–125.
- Kurverein Arosa (Hrsg.): Arosa - Climatic mountain health resort: For the anniversary 100 years Kurverein Arosa. 1884-1984. Arosa 1984, pp. 20-27.
- Paul Caminada: Graubünden, land of pass roads. Desertina Verlag, Disentis 1983, ISBN 3-85637-071-4 , pp. 239-241.
- JB Casty: Arosa - From the local history of the world-famous health resort. Verlag Kur- und Verkehrsverein Arosa, Arosa 1959, pp. 116, 119, 123.
- Fritz Maron: From mountain farming village to world health resort Arosa. Verlag F. Schuler, Chur 1934, pp. 99-104, 180 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ SR 741.272 Thoroughfare Ordinance, Appendix 2, Art. 3, List of main streets, C. Only for vehicles up to 2.30 m wide open main streets
- ↑ Picture on http://sites.google.com/site/churerrundgang/home/strassen-gassen/alte-schanfiggerstrasse
- ↑ Markus Joos: The pastor once brought the mail to Arosa.
- ↑ Hans Danuser: Arosa place and field names with inclusion of the Welschtobel and some border areas of neighboring communities , self-published Danuser, Arosa 2011, ISBN 3-905342-49-9 , p. 5.
- ↑ Aroser Zeitung of June 26, 2015, p. 9.
- ^ Hans Danuser: Arosa - as it was back then (1947–1961). Vol. 4. Self-published by Danuser, Arosa 2000, p. 107.
- ↑ Bündner Woche, May 22, 2013, p. 35.
- ↑ Aroser Zeitung of November 15, 2013, p. 1 ff.
- ↑ Deforestation in Schanfigg. Accessed November 16, 2013.
- ↑ Video impression from the Tour de Suisse 1989 on youtube.com
- ↑ Video impression from the Tour de Suisse 1999 on youtube.com
- ↑ Video impression from the Tour de Sol 1987 on youtube.com
- ↑ Video impression from the Arosa Winterfest 1985 on youtube.com
- ↑ Video impression from the Arosa Winterfest 1988 on youtube.com
