Schmerfeld

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Schmerfeld
City of Arnstadt
Coordinates: 50 ° 45 ′ 23 "  N , 10 ° 56 ′ 36"  E
Height : 427  (425-450)  m
Area : 2.99 km²
Residents : 91  (2004)
Population density : 30 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : March 25, 1994
Incorporated into: Wipfratal
Postal code : 99310
Area code : 036207

Schmerfeld is a district of the city of Arnstadt in the Ilm district in Thuringia . In 2004 the village had a total of 91 inhabitants on an area of ​​2.99 km².

geography

Landscape near Schmerfeld

Schmerfeld is located about eight kilometers north of the university town of Ilmenau in the Wipfra valley on the Prolle , a tributary of the Wipfra. The landscape is characterized by the Reinsberge in the northwest and the Heyda dam in the southeast of the village. In the surrounding area, meadows, fields and pine forests alternate. Schmerfeld is about 450 meters above sea level, with the Reinsberge towering over the village by a good 150 meters. Neighboring places are Wipfra in the east, Reinsfeld in the north (both belonging to the city of Arnstadt), the Ilmenau district of Heyda in the south and to the west of the Reinsberge the village of Kleinbreitenbach and the city of Plaue .

history

Village church

The first documentary mention of the place as Smervelt falls on April 15, 1303 and comes from a document book of the Paulinzella monastery . There is a legend about the origins of it, which says that a giant lived on both the Reinsbergen and the Singer Berg , who led a feud with the other . Thereupon the giant of the Reinsberg threw a hammer to smash the Singer Berg, but missed his target and hit the field at the point where Hammersfeld is today . The giant from Singer Berg then threw a lump of mud at the Reinsbergen and hit the site of today's Schmerfeld. According to Fischer, quoted by Müllerott, Schmerfeld is the settlement on areas with rich soil.

In the time after it was founded, Schmerfeld initially belonged to the County of Kevernburg . In 1343 the village was sold together with the city of Ilmenau and the surrounding area to the County of Henneberg , before half of it was sold to the Lords of Witzleben in 1559 . This half went to the Lords of Pöllnitz in 1660 , the other half to Saxe-Gotha . The Reformation found its way into Schmerfeld in 1544. Until then the place belonged spiritually to the Catholic diocese of Würzburg , then the village was and is Protestant . Today it belongs to the parish Neuroda of the Superintendentur Arnstadt-Ilmenau . In 1731 both halves of Schmerfeld came to the Ilmenau office , which until 1920 belonged to Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach . When Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited the villages of the Wipfra area in 1785, he called Schmerfeld a village with "agriculture, meadows and wealthy people", which shows that the Thuringian farmers were relatively rich (compared to, for example, the East Elbe non-free estate farmers). They usually owned their own family farm and were personally free. In 1796 Schmerfeld was badly damaged in a village fire.

From 1920 Schmerfeld belonged to the district of Arnstadt (until 1952), followed by the district of Arnstadt and today's Ilm district since 1994. On March 25, 1994, the previously independent municipality of Schmerfeld was assigned to the new municipality of Wipfratal . On January 1, 2019, Wipfratal was incorporated into Arnstadt.

Population development

Year number Residents
1804 113
1910 126
1933 126
1939 114
2004 91

Culture and sights

Bailiwick house

The village church and the bailiwick house are worth seeing .

The village church is a Romanesque hall church from around 1180. In the east of the building there is a round apse . The nave was changed in the 19th century. On the western part of its roof there is a high, slated roof turret (church tower) with a “Thuringian hood”. The interior is covered by a wooden barrel vault and has two-story galleries on three sides. On the fourth side there is the architecturally built pulpit altar from the 18th century. The church organ dates from the 18th century and was renewed in 1934. Romanesque round arches are still preserved between the nave and the sacristy (walled up) and in the sacrament niche.

The Vogteihaus is a stately half-timbered building on the village square. It was built around 1622 and could initially have served as a customs and escort house. In 1996 it was acquired and restored by the Altara Foundation . There are three Renaissance door arches on the courtyard side . The basement is made of quarry stone masonry and the upper floors in Thuringian half-timbering . Among other things, it shows depictions of the Wilder Mann . The building is partially basement with a barrel vault , which previously served as a cell .

Economy and Transport

Schmerfeld remained an agricultural place over the centuries. Today many residents work in the nearby towns of Ilmenau, Arnstadt and Stadtilm .

Roads connect Schmerfeld with Ilmenau via Heyda in the south, Stadtilm via Wipfra in the east and Arnstadt via Reinsfeld in the north. There are bus connections to Arnstadt and Dörnfeld an der Ilm (line 355). Many streets in the area are old fruit tree avenues (including the road to Heyda), which is typical for the central Thuringian region.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ HEMüllerott legends, fables and romantic stories from the middle Thuringian Forest and its foothills ... Arnstadt 1996/1997 Thuringian Chronicle Publisher S. 168
  2. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  3. ↑ Thuringian Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 14/2018 p. 795 ff. , Accessed on January 3, 2019

Web links

Commons : Schmerfeld  - collection of images, videos and audio files