St. Peter (Koblenz)
The parish church of St. Peter is a Catholic church in Koblenz . A first church building in the Neuendorf district was completed in 1725 on the banks of the Rhine and expanded at the beginning of the 20th century. It significantly shapes the silhouette of Neuendorf and bears the patronage of the Apostle Peter .
history
The Petrus patronage originally comes from the neighboring town of Lützel . In the 19th century, historians such as Philipp Jaffé argued that the Staufer Konrad III. was elected king on March 7, 1138 in St. Peter's Church in Lützel. The meeting of princes took place "apud Confluentiam in Cathedra St. Petri". But that was a time ( Kathedra Petri ) and not a place. In addition, the church, which was first mentioned in a document in 1218, probably did not exist at that time.
During the siege of Koblenz in 1688 in the Palatinate War of Succession , the Church of St. Peter in Lützel was destroyed like the rest of the town. The families found a new home in Neuendorf. There they were promised a new church and so a first towerless hall was built in Neuendorf from 1723 to 1725 in place of the job chapel built in 1494. The plans for this probably came from Philip Honorius of Ravensteyn , who until 1722/23 Kurtrier was court architect. The executing entrepreneur was the master carpenter Michael Weinkämmer, who modified and simplified the plans. St. Peter is the only surviving church in Koblenz from the Baroque period . However, it takes up Gothic elements . The consecration took place on December 11, 1736. After the detachment from the Liebfrauen parish , the independent Neuendorf parish was founded in 1804, and Joseph Gregor Lang became the first pastor .
Due to the strong population growth in Neuendorf, a neo-baroque extension with a church tower was built on the north side of the hall building according to plans by the Koblenz architects Huch & Grefges from 1913 to 1915 . The foundation stone was laid on October 15, 1913. The solemn consecration took place on April 28, 1915, the Trier Bishop Michael Felix Korum . The renovation gave the old substance a new purpose as a vestibule to the actual church, the area of which tripled.
During the Second World War , the roof and windows were destroyed in air raids . The restoration according to plans by Fritz Thoma lasted until 1958. Many of the elements from the construction period were removed during the renovations in 1958 and 1977 and the interior of the church was completely redesigned. After a fire in 1974, it had to be renovated again. The redesign of 1977 was done according to plans by Peter van Stipelen , with the altar being placed in the middle of the church according to the specifications of the Second Vatican Council .
The church was damaged in the severe flooding of the Rhine in 1993 , which is still visible. During the construction work for the flood protection wall, a two-ton basalt stone was found on the banks of the Rhine. This probably dates from the 15th century and was part of the foundation of the abandoned job chapel. In January 2015, the basalt stone was erected as a historical building testimony on a square behind the parish church of St. Peter.
Construction and equipment
Outside
The parish church of St. Peter stands on an approximately square floor plan. The first church building from the 1720s is an easted and gothic hall building with a recessed 5/8 choir . The building is structured with buttresses and ogival windows and has a domed roof turret with a lantern . The portal in the west with a border of Ionic Hermen pilasters has a blown gable with a central figure of Peter.
With the extension from the 1910s, the usable space tripled and the church was reoriented to the north. The neo-baroque plastered building is structured in light sandstone on the outside . The three - aisled barrel - vaulted hall church has a rectangular choir in the north in the width of the central nave . On the Rhine side to the east of the new choir is the high tower with a domed roof attachment. The hall construction has been expanded to include low ancillary rooms, side choirs and two chapels on each of the long sides. A flat, low apse is built on the west side .
On the Rhine side by the old choir, a war memorial made of red sandstone with Archangel Michael and a dragon characterizes the facade. The names of those killed in the First and Second World Wars are attached to the three-quarter relief from 1924 .
Inside
The interior of the old building has a flat roof, the choir has a six-part rib vault . A copy of the miraculous image of Mariahilf by Lucas Cranach the Elder , which came from the Maria Hilf chapel in Lützel, has been located here since 1953 . The sculpture shows the three-quarter figure of the Mother of God with the child, who turns to her in a caressing manner while striding to put her arm around her neck. It belongs to a small group of images of grace that Cranach's painting translates into a sculpture. Furthermore, in the old choir there is a grave slab for Margaretha Milk from 1737 with a coat of arms and a surrounding Latin inscription.
The new hall church is a light room , the vault of which is supported by pillars with geometric stucco moldings , but originally the stucco decoration was much more elaborate and also included figurative representations. During the renovations up to 1958, the galleries on the sides of the nave were removed and a terraced gallery on which the organ stands was built in the length of the old nave. A nine meter high window in the form of a stepped diamond was installed in the choir on the north wall . During the renovation in 1977, the altar island was created in the northern yoke of the central nave .
The stained glass windows were made by Reinhard Heß from Trier between 1953 and 1960. They show:
- Symbols of the Lauretan Litany in the Lady Chapel (old choir)
- Tabor scene on the north wall in the new choir
- Symbols of the sacraments on the south wall
- Mary with the child and evangelist symbols under the gallery
- the coat of arms of the Popes Pius X. , Pius XI. and Pius XII. above the west portal
The only window that has survived from the construction period in the 1910s is the Christ the King window in a chapel on the west side.
Rhine side of St. Peter with the church tower
War memorial with Archangel Michael and dragon
Wall cross
Side altar
Baptismal font
Bells
In the church tower, four bells hang in the largest steel bell cage in the Diocese of Trier . Since the beginning of the 2000s, the two largest bells “St. Peter ”and“ Heart of Jesus ”are no longer rung, as the vibrations they cause pose a threat to the statics of the tower framework and the belfry. Static measurements were taken in May 2015 to check which renovation measures are necessary so that all four bells can be used again.
Parish community
Since February 1, 2011, St. Peter has formed a parish community together with Maria Hilf and St. Antonius in Lützel and St. Martin in Kesselheim .
Monument protection
The parish church of St. Peter is a protected cultural monument under the Monument Protection Act (DSchG) and entered in the list of monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located in Koblenz-Neuendorf on Hochstraße .
See also
literature
- Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (ed.): History of the city of Koblenz. Overall editing: Ingrid Bátori in conjunction with Dieter Kerber and Hans Josef Schmidt.
- Vol. 1: From the beginning to the end of the electoral era. Theiss, Stuttgart 1992. ISBN 3-8062-0876-X .
- Vol. 2: From the French city to the present. Theiss, Stuttgart 1993. ISBN 3-8062-1036-5 .
- Udo Liessem: Comments on the building history of the parish church of St. Peter in Neuendorf. In: Koblenz Contributions to History and Culture, ed. from Görres-Verlag Koblenz, Koblenz 1991, pp. 59-84 (new series 1).
- Fritz Michel : The art monuments of the Rhine province. The church monuments of the city of Koblenz, ed. by Paul Clemen, Düsseldorf 1937, pp. 319–322 (Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz. Twentieth volume. 1st section).
- Fritz Michel: The art monuments of the city of Koblenz. The mundane monuments and the suburbs. Munich Berlin 1954, ( The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate, first volume).
- Wolfgang Schütz: Koblenz heads. People from the city's history - namesake for streets and squares. Verlag für Werbung Blätter GmbH, Ed .: Bernd Weber, Mülheim-Kärlich 2005 (2nd revised and expanded edition), p. 425.
- Ulrike Weber (edit.): City of Koblenz. City districts (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Vol. 3, 3). Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .
- New work by Franz Huch and Hans Grefges, architects in Koblenz, Berlin around 1915. In it various images of the church interior in the original state, online: https://www.dilibri.de/rlb/content/pageview/1011049? query = huch% 20grefges% 3Fquery% 3huch% 20grefges
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Fritz Michel : The history of the city of Koblenz in the Middle Ages. Mushake, Trautheim on Darmstadt 1963, p. 27.
- ↑ Liessem, p. 69.
- ↑ A short history of early Neuendorfer churches. In: Rhein-Zeitung , April 23, 2015.
- ↑ A masterpiece by Koblenz architects. In: Rhein-Zeitung , April 23, 2015.
- ↑ The huge chunk of basalt found in Koblenz-Neuendorf probably belonged to the job chapel. In: Rhein-Zeitung , January 23, 2015.
- ↑ All four bells sound for measurement. In: Rhein-Zeitung , May 27, 2015.
- ↑ Parish community Koblenz (Neuendorf). In: Diocese of Trier .
- ^ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments. District-free city of Koblenz. (PDF; 1.5 MB), Koblenz 2013.
Coordinates: 50 ° 22 ′ 37 ″ N , 7 ° 36 ′ 39 ″ E