The Witch (film)
| Movie | |
|---|---|
| German title | The witch |
| Original title | The VVitch: A New-England Folktale |
 | |
| Country of production |
USA , Canada |
| original language | English |
| Publishing year | 2015 |
| length | 92 minutes |
| Age rating | FSK 16 |
| Rod | |
| Director | Robert Eggers |
| script | Robert Eggers |
| production |
Daniel Bekerman , Lars Knudsen , Jodi Redmond |
| music | Mark Korven |
| camera | Jarin Blaschke |
| cut | Louise Ford |
| occupation | |
| |
The Witch (AKA: The VVitch: A New England Folktale , English for. The witch: a New England folk tales ) is a horror - mystery film directed by Robert Eggers , who on 23 January 2015 under the Sundance Film Festival 's It premiered and was released in US cinemas on February 19, 2016. In Germany, the film was shown between April 3 and April 10, 2016 as part of the Fantasy Film Festival and was officially shown in cinemas from May 19, 2016.
action
Around 1630, ten years after the Mayflower docked in Plymouth , America, with the first settlers on board , a church trial of the newcomer William and his family takes place on a plantation in New England . After a short process, they are expelled from the Puritan community. The devout William had just arrived in the New World with his wife and five children , but was not shaken by the expulsion. The family, consisting of William, his wife Kathrine, the eldest daughter Thomasin, their younger brother Caleb, the twins Mercy and Jonas and Samuel, the youngest offspring, is looking for a place to start over and after a short trip find a new, apparently quiet home on the edge of a large forest, where you want to live literally according to the Bible.
William tries to build an existence here. The family runs a farm and grows corn. The very dreary everyday life of the family soon consists only of prayer and work. God-fearing William's faith is soon put to the test by a series of inexplicable events and a series of accidents that unfold on the small farm and in the nearby forest. Although their lives are full of privation and their work is hard, the approaching winter threatens to endanger the harvest because a disease has attacked the plants and is spoiling the maize. The cattle are also behaving strangely, especially their billy goat "Black Phillip". Then Samuel, the youngest child, disappears as if by magic before the eyes of the eldest daughter Thomasin, while the two play in the forest. It is shown that a witch living in the forest took him, killed him and made a witch's ointment from his blood , with which she rubbed herself. The family begins to look for the boy, but to no avail.
After a few days, William secretly goes into the woods with Caleb to set up a wolf trap. They meet a rabbit who sits quietly and looks at the two of them. William aims his rifle at him, but the shot backfires and the powder hits William's face.
At night, the children overhear a conversation between their parents, who are desperate because of their poverty and the loss of their baby, and Thomasin learns that their mother wants to send them to another family to help out and that their father should carry out the plan.
Caleb then saddles the horse early in the morning to go hunting and save his sister. Thomasin catches him doing it and threatens to wake his parents if he doesn't let them come with him.
They set off with the dog. In the forest the animals react frightened, the horse dies, the dog mysteriously dies. Thomasin is eventually thrown from the horse and loses consciousness. Caleb discovers a cabin in the woods that both scares and attracts him. There he is seduced by the witch in the form of a young woman. Thomasin wakes up and finds her way back to her family, guided by her father's calls. Caleb returns in the evening naked and delirious , leading his mother to believe he has been bewitched. Together, she and the rest of the family speak the Our Father several times for Caleb, who, however , dies shortly after he declares his love for Jesus Christ .
Shortly before his death, the twins accuse Thomasin of being a witch, which she denies and describes as an earlier joke. After Caleb's death, Thomasin instead explains to her father that the twins may be in league with the devil, in the form of Black Phillips, because they previously stated that he was speaking to them. Father William has had enough and locks Thomasin and the twins in the stable with the goats. During the night the three siblings see how the witch who has broken into the stable is saturated with the goats' blood.
The next day, William finds the stable completely destroyed. The twins have disappeared, the goats - except for Black Phillip - dead, and Thomasin lies on the floor with blood-smeared hands and unconscious. Suddenly the Black Phillip races towards William and impales him with his horns. He throws him against a pile of logs, which bury him. Shortly thereafter, Katherine comes out of the house and sees her dead husband and Thomasin's bloodied hands. Believing that Thomasin had murdered her husband, she tries to strangle her, but is struck down by him at the last moment with a knife lying around.
In the evening Thomasin enters the destroyed stable and speaks to Black Phillip. After a few moments he replies in human form and offers her everything she wants in the world if she entered her name in his book. Thomasin agrees and shortly afterwards runs naked into the forest with him, who has now taken on the shape of a goat again. There she finds a coven of naked women holding a witches' sabbath around a large campfire . They begin, one after the other, to soar into the air and float, finally also Thomasin, who has now completed her transformation into a witch.
production
Production history
Robert Eggers , who also wrote the script, took over the direction . It is the director’s feature film debut.
The original title of the film, The VVitch: A New-England Folktale , in which the word Witch is not spelled with a W at the beginning but is represented by two consecutive capital letters V , was chosen because this spelling was often chosen in the historical period shown in the film was used and this time is well transported by using the special spelling in the title. The letter W was in the Middle Ages originally from the doubling of V or U. Even today you recognize this earlier writing on behalf of the letter W in English, where this as a double and therefore double u is called.
Historical references
The director had worked with historians for his work and hosted a panel to discuss whether the film paints an accurate portrait of that time. In addition, the film is based on trial files and contemporary traditions, and Eggers also used a Puritan devotional guide from Lewis Bayly entitled The Practice of Piety as a source. Eggers stated that almost all of the prayers heard in the film are taken from this book. Another important source was a series of contemporary books written by experts in agriculture in the Elizabethan Age, the techniques of which were also adopted by settlers in America. These included the books Pigs, Goats and Poultry 1580–1660 and Wagons, Carts and Pack Animals 1580–1660 , which helped to depict the farm on which the characters in the film live and their work tools more authentically.
Eggers set the story in New England , an area in the northeastern United States that, along with Virginia, was the origin of the English colonization of North America and a new home for many Puritans , and portrayed a classic Puritan family in the film. Puritanism was a reform movement that arose in England and Scotland in the 16th century. Puritans in England who were not ready for outward conformity with the Anglican Church were persecuted there as a result of a law passed by Elizabeth I in 1593 , which acted with extreme severity against Puritan aspirations. This later led to the emigration of many Puritans, mostly to America.
In 1620 the Pilgrim Fathers, among whom were many Puritans, founded the settlement of Plymouth and later also the settlement of Salem , which later became known in particular through the Salem witch trials , which took place in 1692. The witch hunt began in a strictly Puritan community, similar to the one shown in the film. As portrayed in the film by the busy, prayerful life of William's family, Puritans had a strong emphasis on pious family life, and a simple, industrious, and morally sound life was their duty. In marriages with many children, Puritans saw the expression of love in mutual care rather than sex.
However, not all of the settings and ideas in the film are inspired by history and specialist books. Some elements are based on the imaginary world that Eggers experienced in his own childhood. As a child, Eggers said, he believed that the woods behind his parents' house were inhabited by ghosts and witches, and his earliest dreams were nightmares about witches.
To increase the authenticity, Eggers almost exclusively hired actors from Great Britain. Even if they could not speak the English of the 17th century , it was important to him that their way of speaking came close to it.
Occupation and preparation
The role of the father of the Puritan family, William, was cast by British actor Ralph Ineson . In preparation for his role, Ineson had to lose more than ten kilograms, which he says he achieved with yoga, less food and chopping wood. The US-born British-Argentinian actress Anya Taylor-Joy took on the role of Thomasin, William's eldest daughter, who is the focus of the film for long periods. The role of mother Katherine was cast with the Scottish film and theater actress Kate Dickie , that of the eldest son Caleb with Harvey Scrimshaw . Ellie Grainger and Lucas Dawson played the roles of twins Mercy and Jonas in the film. The witches in the film are played by Bathsheba Garnett and Sarah Stephens , among others . Stephens is a former Victoria's Secret model who showed off swimsuits and lingerie.
Before the actual shooting began, the actors had a week to get to know each other and the animals in the film and to familiarize themselves with the location. Eggers said: We had rehearsals a week before shooting started, for many reasons: On the one hand, they had to learn how to milk goats and thresh grain. The actresses were shown how Amish women knit, and since the children knew nothing about US history, Eggers also showed them documentary material. Eggers did not want to explain some of the events in the film to the child actors. Eggers said: If Harvey, who was twelve at the time, had known about the sexual subtext of the obsession scene, he would never have been able to play it, he would have been ashamed.
Filming and post-production
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The shooting took place in Mattawa , in the Canadian province of Ontario . Eggers originally wanted to shoot the film in New England , but because of tax incentives he was given and other financial reasons, he chose Ontario.
The poor lighting conditions, which also put the family home in the limelight, were deliberately created in the film, for example by natural candlelight, and therefore a special camera was used for the film recordings , which also manages with little light. Overall, the film shows pale images throughout, which underline the hostile environment, and the color red in particular is used sparingly in the film. Moments that seem supernatural in the movie were captured at a higher than usual frame rate , which was 27 or 29 frames per second.
In addition to the human actors, several animals can be seen in the film, including a dog, a horse, goats and a raven. The scene in the film in which Katherine thinks she is breastfeeding her child but there is a raven hanging on her nipple was shot with a specially trained bird. However, some special effects seen in the film were computer generated. So the blood that can be seen when Katherine tries to let the evil flow from Caleb's temple was created in a post-processing on the computer . Scenes with Black Phillip, the almost 100 kilogram black billy goat that the family holds, also had to be digitally post-processed, which made it fit even better into the image that was commonly made of goats well into the 17th century associated with the devil.
The scenes in the boardroom, where the film decides that the family should be thrown out of town, was filmed in an abandoned sawmill that was converted for these purposes. The production was hampered by swarms of mosquitoes and the film crew had to wear special protective clothing when filming . Filming was finished after 26 days.
Costumes, equipment and choreography
Eggers and costume designer Linda Muir drew inspiration from the book Clothes of the Common People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England in their work on the actors' clothes . Thus, costumes were designed that are based on the clothes of simple people at the end of the Elizabethan Age in the transition to Stuart England . Some of the costumes were borrowed from Italy, but had to be modified for the purposes of the film. The costume of the devil, which the billy goat transforms into, is an elaborately bespoke creation with gold, jewels, spikes, cock feathers, earrings and a beaver hat.
In order to make the backdrops, such as the family home and the stables, appear in keeping with the historical period, contemporary tools were used in their construction and the construction methods customary at the time were also applied.
The Japanese butoh dance served as a model for the movements of the witches, who ultimately dance naked around a fire in the film . Eggers engaged the famous Butoh choreographer Denise Fujiwara , who developed a dance for the shown Witches Sabbath with a group of women of all ages .
Sound design and film music
In preparation for the work on a suitable film score, Eggers said he was listening to music from the 17th century, which had been recorded by instruments that were already available at the time. In this phase, Eggers was particularly influenced by string music. In addition, Eggers listened to dissonant and atonal pieces of music from the 20th century and was inspired by pieces by György Ligeti and Krzysztof Penderecki . Eggers approached the Canadian composer Mark Korven with a clear vision and commissioned him to work out a film score that would do without electronic sound design. Korven advised him to include vocal parts in the film music. The choir heard in the music is Toronto-based The Element Choir , which specializes in improvisation.
In order not to let the music appear too perfect, Korven not only worked with an extremely old cello , on which most of the percussion sounds were produced, but predominantly with a Swedish nyckelharpa , a medieval string instrument, and a few times with a waterphone , an instrument of the The present, which combines the principles of the Tibetan water drum, the African lamellophone and the nail violin of the 18th century.
The soundtrack composed by Korven begins with the song What Went We , in which a nyckelharpa plays a melody through plaintive tones that, according to Jonathan Broxton of Moviemusicuk, creates a mood of cold and isolation. The instrument appears later in the music again and again in combination with a hurdy-gurdy , as in the pieces Foster the Children and William's Confession to be heard later . Broxton cannot remember ever hearing a film score that had more cacophonies and presented such a challenge, which is unusual for contemporary horror films, but the purely acoustic music offers such hyper-realistic and authentic sounds that Korven achieves it achieved his goal and landed a great success with it.
Frank Arnold of epd Film describes that the film tries to accurately portray the 17th century, which the film music underlines, but that one piece still reminds him of a moment in Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey , in which the monolith becomes moves into the picture for the first time. Katie Rife, on the other hand, reminds the song Witch , which can be heard in the film , of the horror film Suspiria , because it contains drums and wild voices. Other critics found the score to be Oscar-worthy .
The soundtrack for the film consists of 16 pieces, has a length of 38:27 minutes and was released by Milan Records . The last two tracks, Isle of Wight and Standish , are contemporary folk songs .
Title list of the soundtrack
- What Went We - 1:58
- Banished - 1:53
- A Witch Stole Sam - 2:13
- Hare In the Woods - 1:30
- I Am the Witch Mercy - 1:17
- Foster the Children - 1:18
- Caleb is Lost - 1:49
- Caleb's Seduction - 3:05
- Caleb's Death - 5:25
- William and Tomasin - 2:39
- William's Confession - 4:08
- The Goat & The Mayhem - 3:28
- Follow the Goat - 1:15
- Witch's Coven - 2:14
- Isle of Wight (traditional) - 1:41
- Standish (traditional) - 2:27
synchronization
The German synchronization of the film was created under a dialogue book by Tobias Neumann and the dialogue direction by Sven Hasper at Film- & Fernseh-Synchron .
| role | actor | speaker |
|---|---|---|
| Thomasin | Anya Taylor-Joy | Lina Rabea Mohr |
| William | Ralph Ineson | Tilo Schmitz |
| Katherine | Kate Dickie | Ulrike Möckel |
| Caleb | Harvey Scrimshaw | Elias Kunze |
| Mercy | Ellie Grainger | Paulina Hasper |
| Jonas | Lucas Dawson | Claude-Albert Heinrich |
Funding, lending and publishing
Eggers said it took a long time to fund the film. One of the investors abandoned him early on, creating a funding gap that lasted all the time and only closed shortly before the film premiered. Chris Columbus and his daughter Eleanor have a company that helps young directors. After Eggers showed them an edited version before the premiere of the film, they liked it so much that they supported Eggers financially in the further course. At the 2015 Sundance Film Festival , where the film premiered, Eggers was not only able to convince a few critics, but was also nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and awarded as Best Director . The reasoning stated: To a director who demonstrated a consistent and excellently rendered vision, creating a story that was hauntingly detailed as it was masterfully executed. After its premiere, The Witch was quickly named by film critics as the scariest and best horror film of the year and even of the decade. Finally, Eggers found a distributor at the festival with A 24 , who released the film in the USA and first placed it on 2,000 and later on 3,000 screens.
After the film premiered on January 23, 2015 at the Sundance Film Festival, it was released in US cinemas on February 19, 2016. In Germany, the film was shown between April 3 and April 10, 2016 as part of the Fantasy Film Festival and has officially been shown in cinemas since May 19, 2016. The film was released on DVD on May 17, 2016 .
reception
Authenticity and age rating
After the release of the film, the true-to-history portrayal of the Puritans was questioned again and again, but for the most part Eggers was attested to be an authentic portrayal of the life of the Puritans and the witch hunted through them in America. Because the film thematized the religious history of America, suppressed feelings of shame deeply rooted in American culture were often addressed in viewers, which are felt in retrospect of this era. In addition, the film contains allusions to stories from the Bible and also has occult elements. So religious motifs in the film again and again from the Genesis taken, and with figures like Williams daughter Thomasin, a name given to the female form of Thomas the Apostle , or Caleb, the name of the son of William, a reference to Caleb from the Old Testament is addressed to biblical people. Besides Joshua, Caleb was the only one who could encourage the people to trust firmly in the promise of their God as they conquered Canaan, and was almost stoned to death for it.
The Witch was given the rating valuable by the German Film and Media Assessment . The film is not a film for splatter fans , but offers intelligent art-house horror . The reasoning states: “The film comes (almost) completely without the usual camera and sound effects, so that the jury actually wondered where the horror of the film was. In the controversial discussion that followed the viewing, it became apparent that the restrained, hyper-realistic illustration was perceived by some of the jury as an irritating element. The horror of 'The Witch' is in the words and in the mind of the viewer. [...] In unison, the film received high praise from the jury for its intelligent camera work and the excellent actors, who for the most part support the credibility of 'The Witch' and help expose the bigotry of a morally strict life. "
The film had been given an R rating by the MPAA in the United States because of some violent scenes, sexual innuendos and a nude shot, which discouraged parents from allowing their children to see the film and at the same time banning children and adolescents to allow access to the film under 17 years of age without being accompanied by a parent or adult. In Germany, where the film is rated FSK 16, the release certificate says: The film is characterized by a dark, intense atmosphere; it contains numerous horror scenes. Due to their level of development, adolescents from 16 years of age have no problem processing the moments of tension appropriately. The sometimes surreal impression of the moments of shock and shudder (e.g. when the mother breasts a crow) and the historical venue make it easier for young viewers to maintain an emotional distance. The film can create emotional tension, but it is not expected that the age group over 16 will be overwhelmed.
Reviews
The Witch was one of the most anticipated films of 2016 and emerged as the winner of the IndieWire Critics Poll in the category Most Anticipated of 2016 . In the following year he was named Best First Feature in the poll .
The film was able to convince 90 percent of the critics at Rotten Tomatoes and is thus in the TOP 100 of the best rated films of 2016. The film also emerged as the winner of the 18th Annual Golden Tomato Awards in the category Best Horror Movie 2016 . The consensus there says: “ As thought-provoking as it is visually compelling, The Witch delivers a deeply unsettling exercise in slow-building horror that suggests great things for debuting writer-director Robert Eggers ” (German: “ equally stimulating, as well as visually convincing, the film offers deeply disturbing, slowly built-up horror and already hints at the greatness of the director and screenwriter Robert Eggers, who is making his debut. ") The Witch received a Metascore of 83 on Metacritic , which is one of the best values that Films received there that were released in US cinemas in 2016.
Anthony Lane from the New Yorker likes how The Witch stands out from other current horror films: “Viewers who grew up with the Scream franchise or the countless Saw films will [...] wonder whether 'The Witch' is really a horror film can be designated. Well, he sounds like one anyway; the composer of the film music, Mark Korven, does not hold back with gruesome strings , which are pepped up by a choir that sighs increasingly. ”Lane goes on to say that one can amuse oneself with the archaism in the dialogues, but the film never goes the mistake of distracting from the people, their hard lives and what weighs on their souls. Believe in their belief.
Alexandra Seitz from epd Film likes the mixture of horror and family drama: “Basically, 'The Witch' is two films at the same time: A horror film with the greatest possible accuracy in dealing with historical material, which takes its subject literally. And the psychological drama of a family whose members succumb to manifold neuroses under the impression of the inexplicable and finally tear each other apart. "
After the first half of the 2016 film year was over, Jarin Blaschke from Kristopher Tapley and Jenelle Riley from Variety was discussed as a possible candidate for a nomination in the category Best Camera at the upcoming Academy Awards. They argue: "Jarin Blaschke's play with the candlelit interiors and with what the sun gave for his work in the outdoor shots ultimately brought the film to the cinemas." The performance was just as great, the set and the costume design carefully and authentically in the film. Scott Feinberg from The Hollywood Reporter also sees Oscar potential in Blaschke's work and also in Linda Muir's costume design.
Gross profit
The film has grossed around 25 million US dollars in North American cinemas so far. In Germany, the film was in the top 10 of the cinema charts for a short time after its cinema release. Worldwide revenues of the film are currently around 40 million US dollars (as of June 26, 2016). Even if the film was praised by the critics, it was financially worthwhile and it has become common in recent years for successful horror films to be expanded into film series, Eggers does not plan to continue the film.
Awards (selection)
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Austin Fantastic Fest 2015
- Awarded the Horror Jury Prize ( Robert Eggers )
BloodGuts UK Horror Awards 2016
- Award for Best Original Film
- Award as Best Actress ( Anya Taylor Joy )
- Received the Rising Star of Horror Award (Anya Taylor-Joy)
- Nomination for Best Director (Robert Eggers)
- Nomination for Best Screenplay (Robert Eggers)
- Nomination for Best Supporting Actress ( Kate Dickie )
- Nomination for Best Supporting Actor ( Ralph Ineson )
- Nomination for the best soundtrack ( Mark Korven )
- Nomination in the category Best Editing / Visual Style
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2016
- Nomination in the category Best Production Design ( Craig Lathrop and Andrea Kristof )
- Nomination for Most Promising Filmmaker (Robert Eggers)
Critics' Choice Movie Awards 2016 (December)
- Nomination for Best Sci-Fi / Horror Film
Gotham Independent Film Award 2016
- Nomination for the Bingham Ray Breakthrough Director Award
- Award in the category of best young actress (Anya Taylor-Joy)
Independent Spirit Awards 2017
- Award for best debut film
- Award in the Best First Screenplay category
London Critics' Circle Film Awards 2017
- Nomination for Best British Young Actress (Anya Taylor-Joy, also for The Morgan Project and Split )
London Film Festival 2015
- Received the Sutherland Award - first feature film in the competition (Robert Eggers)
New Hampshire Film Festival 2015
- Award for best feature film (Robert Eggers)
Online Film Critics Society Awards 2017
- Nomination for best film
- Nomination for Best Horror Film
- Nomination for Best Young Actress (Anya Taylor-Joy)
- Received the Directing Award: US Dramatic (Robert Eggers)
- Nomination for the Grand Jury Prize: Dramatic (Robert Eggers)
- Award as best horror film
- Award for Best Young Actress (Anya Taylor-Joy)
Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Awards 2016
- Nomination for Best Young Actress (Anya Taylor-Joy)
- Nomination for Best Production Design (Craig Lathrop)
Trivia about Black Phillip
The almost 100 kilogram black billy goat Charlie, who is called Black Phillip in the film, quickly became the secret star of the film after the premiere. The animal, which had proven to be extremely stubborn during the filming, achieved a certain fame among horror fans. T-shirts were also printed with his picture and templates were designed for tattoos. Black Phillip was voiced in the film by Wahab Chaudhry , a Canadian model.
Web links
- The Witch in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- The Witch atRotten Tomatoes(English)
- The Witch - Official website of the film
- The Witch - Screenplay for the film (PDF, English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Certificate of Release for The Witch . Voluntary self-regulation of the film industry (PDF; test number: 157858 / K).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Rob Hunter: 38 Things We Learned from The Witch Commentary In: filmschoolrejects.com, May 25, 2016.
- ↑ Alphabet - Latin ( Memento of the original from March 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Weikopf - World of the Languages of the World. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Frank Arnold: Interview with Robert Eggers about his film 'The Witch' In: epd Film, May 24, 2016.
- ↑ Aaron Hillis: How Director Robert Eggers Made 'The Witch' into a Genuinely Creepy Feminist Fable In: vice.com , February 24, 2016.
- ^ A b Forrest Wickman: All The Witch's Most WTF Moments, Explained: A Spoiler-Filled Interview With the Director In: slate.com, February 23, 2016.
- ↑ Makado Murphy: That (Very, Very) Old Black Magic in 'The Witch' In: The New York Times, February 18, 2016.
- ↑ Jeffrey Bloomer: Why Are Goats Associated With the Devil, Like Black Phillip in The Witch? In: slate.com, February 26, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e Katie Rife: The Witch director Robert Eggers on Fellini, feminism, and period-accurate candlelight In: avclub.com, February 23, 2016.
- ↑ a b Tim Slagman: Horror film 'The Witch': At the edge of madness In: DER SPIEGEL Online, May 17, 2016.
- ↑ a b Seth Abramovitch: Black Phillip: The Real Story Behind the Breakout Goat From 'The Witch' In: The Hollywood Reporter, March 2, 2016.
- ↑ Makado Murphy: That (Very, Very) Old Black Magic in 'The Witch' In: The New York Times, February 18, 2016.
- ↑ a b Miles Bowe: The Witch composer on making the most nightmarish horror score you'll hear this year In: factmag.com, February 16, 2016.
- ↑ a b Jonathan Broxton: 'The Witch' - Mark Korven In: moviemusicuk.us, March 4, 2016.
- ^ And the predicted nominees are In: awardscircuit.com. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
- ↑ The Witch. In: synchronkartei.de. German dubbing file , accessed on March 2, 2017 .
- ^ The Witch In: moviepilot.de. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
- ↑ Brent McKnight: Why The Scariest Movie Of The Year Won't Get A Sequel, According To The Director In: cinemablend.com. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
- ↑ Spike Carter: The Director of the Year's Best Horror Film Wants to Give You Nightmares In: Vanity Fair, February 18, 2016.
- ↑ Alex Welch: Review: 'The Witch' is the Best Horror Movie of the Decade So Far ( Memento of the original from May 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: geeknation.com, February 17, 2016.
- ↑ The Witch In: dvdsreleasedates.com. Retrieved June 5, 2016.
- ↑ Matt Barone: Beware The Witch: This New, Stan-Approved Horror Classic Will Seriously Mess You Up In: tribecafilm.com, February 18, 2016.
- ^ Greg Cwik: How Much Does 'The Witch' Get Right About Real Witchcraft? In: indiewire.com, February 23, 2016.
- ↑ Kristofer Jenson: Season Of 'The Witch': A Q&A With Robert Eggers And Anya Taylor-Joy In: newsweek.com, February 19, 2016.
- ↑ Kim Nicolini: Robert Eggers' The Witch In: counterpunch.org, March 25, 2016.
- ↑ The Witch In: fbw-filmbewertung.com . German film and media rating. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
- ↑ The Witch In: parentpreviews.com. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
- ↑ Manohla Dargis: Review: In 'The Witch', a Family's Contract With God Is Tested In: The New York Times, February 18, 2016.
- ↑ Reasons for approval for The Witch In: Voluntary Self-Control of the Film Industry. Retrieved June 5, 2016.
- ↑ Steve Greene: 2016 IndieWire Critics Poll: Full List of Results In: indiewire.com, December 19, 2016.
- ↑ Top 100 Movies of 2016 In: Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
- ↑ Eliza Berman: These Movies Were All Certified Fresh by Rotten Tomatoes in 2016 In: time.com, December 21, 2016.
- ↑ Best-reviewied Horror Movies 2016 In: Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
- ↑ The Witch In: Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
- ↑ Movie Releases by Score In: metacritic.com. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
- ↑ Anthony Lane: The Witch In: The New Yorker, February 29, 2016.
- ↑ Alexandra Seitz: Review of The Witch: A New-England Folktale In: epd Film, April 21, 2016.
- ↑ Kristopher Tapley and Jenelle Riley: 22 Deserving Oscar Contenders From the First Half of 2016 In: Variety. June 24, 2016.
- ^ Scott Feinberg: Feinberg Forecast: The First Look at the 89th Oscar Race In: The Hollywood Reporter. September 9, 2016.
- ↑ a b The Witcht In: boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
- ↑ Top 20 Germany. Weekend 21 from May 19-22 , 2016 In: insidekino.com. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
- ↑ Brent McKnight: Why The Scariest Movie Of The Year Won't Get A Sequel, According To The Director In: cinemablend.com. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
- ↑ BloodGuts UK Horror Awards 2016 - The Films In: bloodguts.co.uk. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
- ↑ BloodGuts UK Horror Awards 2016 - The Extras In: bloodguts.co.uk. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
- ↑ BloodGuts UK Horror Awards 2016 - The Stars In: bloodguts.co.uk. Retrieved March 14, 2017.
- ↑ Nick Allen: Chicago Film Critics Awards Celebrate 'Moonlight', 'Manchester by the Sea', 'The Handmaiden' In: rogerebert.com, December 17, 2016.
- ↑ Gregg Kilday: 'La La Land,' 'Arrival,' 'Moonlight' Top Critics' Choice Nominations In: The Hollywood Reporter, December 1, 2016.
- ↑ Moonlight and American Honey lead Film Independent Spirit awards nominations In: The Guardian, November 22, 2016.
- ↑ Nancy Tartaglione: 'Moonlight', 'Love & Friendship' Lead London Critics' Circle Nominations In: deadline.com, December 20, 2016.
- ↑ 2016 Awards In: ofcs.org. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ↑ The 43rd Annual Saturn Awards nominations are announced for 2016 In: saturnawards.org. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
- ↑ John Nugent: Three Empire Awards 2017: Rogue One, Tom Hiddleston And Patrick Stewart Win Big In: empireonline.com, March 19, 2017.
- ↑ The 2016 WAFCA Awards In: dcfilmcritics.com. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
- ↑ a b Jeffrey Bloomer: Why Are Goats Associated With the Devil, Like Black Phillip in The Witch? In: slate.com, February 26, 2016.
- ↑ Chief Brody: A-musings: Black Phillip rises to Hollywood stardom In: amityisland.co.uk, April 1, 2016.
