Borken substation
| Borken substation | ||
|---|---|---|
 Lines and busbars at the Borken substation |
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| Data | ||
| place | Bark | |
| Client | PreussenElektra | |
| Construction year | 1926, 1975 | |
| Floor space | 114,000 m² | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 3 '32.8 " N , 9 ° 15' 45" E | |
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| particularities | ||
| Former power plant switchgear, important node in the extra-high voltage network, STATCOM | ||
The Borken substation is a substation in the Hessian town of Borken, south of Kassel . It has the voltage levels 380 kV (maximum voltage) and 110 kV (high voltage). The electrical energy from the high-voltage network, which originates primarily from the power plants in Westphalia and southern Hesse , is transformed into the regional high- voltage network via the substation , which means that large parts of northern Hesse can be supplied with electricity.
Originally built in the 1920s as a power plant switchgear for the Borken power plant , it was continuously expanded along with it and at times also had the now obsolete voltage levels 220 kV and 60 kV. The facility has existed in its current form since 1975. For decades, the operator of the plant was PreussenElektra , which merged with Bayernwerk to form E.ON Energie in the summer of 2000 . TenneT TSO , a subsidiary of the Dutch electricity network operator TenneT , has been operating the E.ON Energie network and thus also the Borken substation since 2009 .
Today, even after the Borken power plant was shut down in 1991, the substation forms a large and important junction in the German high-voltage network - 380 kV lines lead to Borken from all four directions. The Borken nuclear power plant , which was planned but not built in the 1980s, would also have given off its generated energy via the substation.
Location and connection
Geographical location
The substation is located approx. 2.5 km northwest of the core city of Borken between the districts of Arnsbach and Kleinenglis , or about 30 km southwest of Kassel and 45 km northeast of Marburg . The former Borken power station, which is only partially preserved today, bordered the substation to the east, separated from it by the L 3150 (Kleinengliser Straße). In the immediate vicinity there are some lakes that were created from former lignite mines, the Borkener Seenland . The facility itself is located in a floodplain of the Schwalm .
Siding
Like many 380 kV substations in Germany, the substation has its own siding to transport the power transformers. This is a single-track standard gauge and branches south-east of the facility from the south from the former rail connection of the Borken power station, which in turn forms a branch of the Main-Weser Railway . In 1998 this siding with its five branches, one of which leads to the substation, became the property of Stadtwerke Borken and has continued to be of great importance since the settlement of several logistics companies on the former power plant site.
history
The development of the substation is closely linked to Borken as the location of a large coal-fired power plant from 1923 to 1991, the construction of a high-voltage network of the energy supplier PreußenElektra and the restructuring of the network after the power plant was shut down and demolished. In the course of the last few decades, the facility has therefore been renewed and expanded again and again.
Early years
With the establishment of the Main-Weser Power Plant (GGMW) union in Kassel in 1922 , construction of the Main-Weser power plant began , which was supposed to use the lignite mined in the Borken mining area to generate electrical energy. After about a year of construction, the first turbine went into trial operation on July 1, 1923. The power plant included a switchgear, which was designed as an indoor system in an extension west of the machine house and transformed the electricity generated in the turbines to 60 kV voltage.
A network of 60 kV lines was set up from the power plant. First, the 1915 built power plant on Hemfurth was Edersee connected to operate the pump with the local generated in stream Borken night before a connection via Kassel to the power plant Ahlem the power plant Hannover AG was realized. A contract between GGMW and Thüringer Elektrizitäts-Lieferungs-Gesellschaft (ThELG) from 1924 regulated the procurement of services from the Main-Weser power plant to the Breitungen power plant built in 1913. The 60 kV line from Borken to Breitungen was completed in 1925. Starting in 1925, the energy supply for the areas south-east of the Borken district was also tackled. A 60-kV line from Borken via Bad Hersfeld , Marbach near Fulda , Schlüchtern - Elm to the Dörnigheim substation was used to connect to the Mainkur , Kesselstadt and Großkrotzenburg power plants, which were taken over by the Prussian power plant Oberweser AG in 1923 .
In October 1927, the Prussian state merged the companies GGEW, Preußische Kraftwerk Oberweser AG and Großkraftwerk Hannover AG to form the Prussian Electricity Corporation (PreußenElektra, PREAG) based in Berlin . The 60 kV transmission network now belonged entirely to PreussenElektra, which now pushed the power supply for the region between Borken and Frankfurt am Main . The city of Frankfurt had operated an island network with single-phase alternating current since 1894 ; in 1926 it joined the three-phase network of PreussenElektra. A second line was to be built between Borken and the Frankfurt area and finally to connect to the Dörnigheim substation, so that the transmission network south of Borken should have a ring-shaped topology and thus open up all areas in the Central Hessian area. This project resulted in a conflict with RWE, which at the same time built the north-south pipeline between the Rhenish Revier and the hydropower plants in the Alps and the southern Black Forest . It was supposed to include the Main power plants in Höchst in the interconnected operation via the Kelsterbach substation southwest of Frankfurt am Main . With the Second Electric Peace in 1927, the disputed concession areas between RWE and the Prussian state, to which PreussenElektra was subject, were defined in a supply contract.
The second line from Borken to the Frankfurt area was dimensioned and operated with 110 kV voltage instead of 60 kV as before. It led from Borken in a south-westerly direction via Kirchhain to Gießen , where it moved to the south-east and connected the Wölfersheim power plant , which was completed in 1929, to the lignite-smoldering power plant Hessen-Frankfurt AG (HEFRAG) , a subsidiary of PreussenElektra. From Wölfersheim, a 110 kV line led past Oberursel to the Kelsterbach substation of the RWE and another 110 kV line east of Frankfurt past Frankfurt-West thermal power station , while Höchst, which was incorporated into Frankfurt in 1928, and the one immediately south and west of Frankfurt adjacent areas continued to be supplied by RWE or the subsidiary Main-Kraftwerke . Finally, there was a 110 kV line from the Frankfurt-West power plant to the Dörnigheim substation. When the ring line was put into operation, failure to observe the rotating field caused the motors to run backwards in the Frankfurt area.
After three years of construction, the Waldeck pumped storage power plant on the Edersee went into operation in 1931 , and in 1932 the Borken power plant was expanded to include a further boiler house. At the same time, PreussenElektra began building an extra-high voltage network with 220 kV voltage, based on the RWE model, which was designed to complement the RWE network, which mainly ran in the west and south-west. An important line was built along the Hanover – Kassel axis to feed the energy generated on Edersee and in Borken into the Lehrte substation , where an east-west axis was created from the Ruhr area via Hanover to Braunschweig , which was to be continued in the central German lignite area. A continuation of the Lehrte – Borken line to the Kelsterbach substation of the RWE was also planned, but this was no longer implemented. The line to Lehrte was put into operation in 1929 with a 110 kV circuit and switched to 220 kV voltage in 1931.
After the Second World War
With the division of Germany into four occupation zones after 1945 and the dismantling of power plants and lines by the Soviet military government from 1946, parts of the German 220 kV network were dismantled as a reparation payment . The network, which was mainly implemented as a Reichsammelschiene during the National Socialist era , connected various power plants and industrial companies in central and southern Germany as well as Austria, which was annexed to the Reich in 1938, with a more than 700 km long line that was now interrupted. When the two German states were founded in 1949, it had a section on the western side in Bavaria without a connection to the remaining 220 kV network, which began in the Ludersheim substation near Nuremberg and led to the restored Austria. The GDR meanwhile cut all line connections with the West German network. In 1949, a new 220 kV line was built from Ludersheim via Aschaffenburg to Borken in order to reconnect the 220 kV systems in Bavaria and Austria to the West German 220 kV network. In the 1950s, the 220 kV network was expanded via a single-circuit connection from the Waldeck pumped storage plant to Paderborn in order to establish a coupling with the United Electricity Works Westphalia (VEW). The Borken power plant was expanded several times after the war due to increasing energy consumption.
For the voltage level of 380 kV, which has been under construction since the 1950s, an additional 380/110 kV switchgear was built in 1974/75 west of the L 3150, but not for feeding in the energy from the Borken power plant was designed as a pure network hub. Due to the existing line routes and the geographical location between the Ruhr area, the Rhine-Main area and the Hanover / Braunschweig region, all of which had significant industrial facilities, Borken was selected as the high-voltage node. From Borken thus overhead lines emerged in all four directions: to the north to the substation Berghausen near Kassel and on to the nuclear power plant Würgassen , westward across the pumped storage plant Waldeck, the substation Twistetal and substations Nehden and Arpe Sauerland to the Westfalen power plant in Hamm , east to Mecklar substation near Bad Hersfeld and south to the Gießen-Nord substation and on to the Staudinger power plant .
After the power plant shutdown
On March 15, 1991, power generation at the Borken power plant was stopped. In the course of time, many parts of the system were dismantled, but the buildings were preserved. The old 220/110 kV substation, which was directly connected to the power plant, continued to operate for some time before it was decommissioned on June 17, 1994 and demolished the following year. The 110 kV line via Gießen and Wölfersheim to Frankfurt was dismantled from 1993 to 1994, the two 220 kV lines to Lehrte and to the Edersee were also dismantled. The latter has been replaced by a 380 kV branch on the Twist valley – Borken line and still has two masts without ropes on either side of the pool. The former 220 kV line to Aschaffenburg still exists today in the cut to Lauterbach and carries two 110 kV circuits.
business
technical structure
The substation has the voltage levels 380 kV and 110 kV. Three power transformers span between the two levels. The larger 380 kV switchgear has a total of 11 panels (8 for outgoing overhead lines, 3 for the transformers) and three busbars. The 110 kV switchgear, which is smaller in terms of area, has 19 switchgear panels, 14 of which lead to outgoing overhead lines, and three busbars. There is also a 100 m high radio tower and two operational buildings on the site .
As part of the installation of a STATCOM system , the 380 kV switchgear will be expanded by a few switch panels by the end of 2019.
Overhead lines
The following overhead lines are currently connected to the substation.
| Network operator | tension | Name of the route | Destination / station | Cardinal direction |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 TenneT TSO |
380 kV | LH-11-3018 | Sandershausen | west | |
| LH-11-3012 | Waldeck → Twist valley | ||||
| LH-11-3002 | Giessen -North | ||||
| LH-11-3009 | Mecklar | east | |||
 Avacon |
110 kV | LH-11-1010 | Homberg (Efze) → Felsberg → Rengershausen → Sandershausen | west | |
| LH-11-1013 | Bad Wildungen → Waldeck | is initially led out of the station as an underground cable | |||
| LH-11-1176 | Ottrau → Alsfeld → Lauterbach | formerly 220 kV line to Lauterbach → Großkrotzenburg → Aschaffenburg | |||
| Treysa → Kirchhain | swings to a 380 kV line to Gießen-Nord, previously a 220 kV line | ||||
| LH-11-1175 | DB converter plant in Borken | east |
A short overhead line connects the 380/110 kV transformers with the 110 kV switchgear on the site itself.
Traction current
About two kilometers in a straight line to the southeast of the actual substation is a traction substation with attached sub-station of DB Energie . The former is fed from the 110 kV switchgear of the substation using a 110 kV three-phase overhead line (50 Hz), which is listed in the table above. The conversion into traction current (16.7 Hz) takes place at the 110 kV level by means of a rotating electrical machine . 110 kV traction power lines lead from the substation to Bebra , Warburg and Fronhausen . The substation itself supplies the northern section of the Main-Weser-Bahn with power transformers at 15 kV level . The facility is also the location of the traction current switching line for large parts of Hesse.
Web links
- tennet.eu - Official website of the operator
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b TenneT TSO: Borken substation. Retrieved February 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Industrial and commercial areas: "Am Kraftwerk" industrial park , city of Borken / Hessen
- ^ A b c H. Kirchhoff: Company form and sales policy of the power supply . Published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1933, p. 88
- ↑ a b VDE: Chronicle of Electrical Engineering, year 1925. Retrieved on November 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Tennet expansion of outdoor switchgear 2017