Wolfgang Schutzbar called Milchling (Prince Abbot)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wolfgang Schutzbar called Milchling (* around 1530 in Treis an der Lumda ; † November 30, 1567 in Fulda ) was abbot of the imperial abbey of Fulda from 1558 until his death in 1567 .

family

Wolfgang was a scion of the Hessian nobility, the Schutzbar, called Milchling, and was born around 1530 in Treis Castle . His father was Hartmann Schutzbar called Milchling († 1560), who was the sixth and youngest son of Crafft Schutzbar called Milchling who had inherited Treis Castle .

Life

The young Wolfgang, the third son of his parents and with no prospect of a significant heritage, enrolled in 1544 at the 1527 as a Protestant founded State University University of Marburg , but went in 1547 to the Catholic Kurmainz associated Erfurt University , joined this time the Catholic Confession and joined the Teutonic Order around 1550 , whose grand master was his uncle (and probably also godfather) Wolfgang Schutzbar, called Milchling , since 1544 . He was probably very soon Commander of Coming in the Bailiwick francs .

When the Fulda prince abbot Wolfgang Dietrich von Eusigheim, in the course of the prince uprising of 1552 against Emperor Charles V and the subsequent Second Margrave War, saw the bishopric of Fulda exposed to severe hardships , extortion and robbery and he even had to fear his capture for the purpose of extorting ransom , he fled to Frankfurt on the Main . From there he asked Emperor Charles V for permission to appoint a coadjutor in Fulda. In 1557 he received permission and, with the unanimous consent of the five-member monastery chapter, appointed Wolfgang Schutzbar called Milchling to be his coadjutor with the right of succession. In order to become coadjutor in Fulda, a Benedictine abbey , Wolfgang had to leave the Teutonic Order and join the Benedictine order. This change took the necessary permission from October 13, 1557 after receiving Pope Paul IV. On April 9, 1558 new coadjutor received in Wuerzburg the priesthood ; all other ordinations he had received a few weeks earlier.

Almost three weeks later, on April 29, 1558, Abbot Wolfgang Dietrich von Eusigheim died in Frankfurt, and Wolfgang Schutzbar called Milchling was elected the new abbot on May 3, 1558. He then traveled to Rome to obtain papal confirmation of his election, which took place on January 23, 1559. Wolfgang returned to Fulda, was enfeoffed on July 4th, 1559 by Emperor Ferdinand I with the regalia as secular ruler of the Fulda Monastery and was finally ordained abbot on November 15th, 1558 in Fulda.

As a prince abbot in Fulda, he was also the owner of the three nearby provosts of Johannesberg , Petersberg and Frauenberg . This accumulation of offices contradicted the Fulda monastery constitution, but was inevitable due to the shortage of staff caused by the Reformation .

In 1561 he succeeded in regaining the property of the 1552 in the course of the Reformation of Count Michael III. by Wertheim († 1555) abolished Fulda daughter monastery Holzkirchen near Würzburg; the monastery life there as such has not yet been revived. The provost pledge went to the Fulda dean Philipp Georg Schenk zu Schweinsberg , who was elected abbot in 1567 as Wolfgang's successor.

Abbot Wolfgang, from whom one had hoped for effective resistance against the advance of Protestantism in some places , showed himself little success in this matter and probably also little committed, and the Reformation made great progress in the Fulda region during his tenure. His origin from a family that became Protestant in 1526 and his consideration for the views and interests of his relatives certainly played a role in his attitude. So he appointed z. B. in 1562, after his sister Agnes had married the militant Protestant Melchior Arnak von der Tann , Rockenstuhl became bailiff of the Fulda office ; in the same year, he deposed the Catholic pastor of Geismar , whose parish also included areas of the Tann rule , and appropriated the altar plugs at Rockenstuhl Castle . In Buttlar , the abbot had the Lords of Buttlar appoint a Protestant pastor , although he himself was the patron of the parish church. The brother of the abbot, the Protestant Caspar (1525–1588) in the Hessian service , acquired two thirds and later the last third of the Fulda office of Herbstein in Vogelsberg in 1565 and introduced the Reformation there.

As abbot of Fulda Wolfgang was ex officio the title of "Lord Chancellor of the Empress" and on November 26, 1562 he took in Frankfurt at the Krönungdes two days earlier elected Maximilian II. To the Roman-German king part. When Maximilian, who had meanwhile succeeded his father Ferdinand I as emperor, was assured a new Turkish tax by the imperial estates in 1566 , the Fulda abbot raised it the following year from the subjects of his bishopric.

Prince Abbot Wolfgang Schutzbar called Milchling died on November 30, 1567. He was buried in the collegiate church in Fulda. In 1964, during renovations in the former cathedral parish house in the north wing of the old monastery, the remains of his tomb were discovered.

In Fulda, a memorial stone on the Langebrücke from 1562 reminds of the abbot, who had extensive repair work carried out on the bridge between 1559 and 1562 with the help of stonemasons from Kassel .

Footnotes

  1. ^ The eldest of the six brothers, Caspar († 1578), was 1560–1578 abbot of the Augustinian canons of Springiersbach . The second, Wolfgang († 1566) became Grand Master of the Teutonic Order . The third, Adolf († 1547), also entered the Teutonic Order and was Komtur zu Griefstedt from 1538 to 1547 . The fourth, Philipp, died very early. The fifth, Wilhelm († 1528), became a Burgmann in Friedberg and Gelnhausen .
  2. ^ The Landgraviate of Hesse , and thus Wolfgang's parents' house, became Protestant in 1526.
  3. ↑ The collegiate chapter consisted of Christoph Brendel von Hornburg, Wilhelm Hartmann von Klauer zu Wohra , Philipp Georg Schenk zu Schweinsberg , Philipp von Trübenbach and Hermann von Windhausen (Stephan Hilpisch: Der Fuldaer Fürstabt Wolfgang II. Von Schutzpar gene. Milchling , in: Fuldaer Geschichtsblätter , 1969, p. 102)
  4. ↑ His body was transferred to Fulda and buried in the abbey church.
  5. ↑ His epitaph from 1606 is in the Nikolauskirche in Tann ( St. Nikolaus Kirche Tann (Rhön) ).
  6. ↑ Caspar was Landgrave Hessian bailiff and captain in Giessen from 1567 until his death .

literature

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Wolfgang Dietrich von Eusigheim Prince Abbot of Fulda
1558 - 1567 		Philipp Georg Schenk zu Schweinsberg
personal data
SURNAME Wolfgang Schutzbar called Milchling
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wolfgang Schutzbar; Wolfgang Milchling
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince Abbot of Fulda
DATE OF BIRTH around 1530
PLACE OF BIRTH Treis on the Lumda
DATE OF DEATH November 30, 1567
Place of death Fulda