Rákosmente
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Rákosmente XVII. Budapest district |
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| Basic data | |||
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| State : | Hungary | ||
| Region : | Central Hungary | ||
| County : | Budapest | ||
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 29 ′ N , 19 ° 16 ′ E | ||
| Area : | 54.83 km² | ||
| Residents : | 78,599 (Jan. 1, 2011) | ||
| Population density : | 1,434 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Postal code : | 1171-1174 | ||
| KSH kódja: | 02112 | ||
| Structure and administration (status: 2014) | |||
| Community type : | district | ||
| Structure : | Districts
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| Mayor : | Levente Riz ( Fidesz ) | ||
| Postal address : | Pesti út 165 1173 Budapest |
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| Website : | |||
| (Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal ) | |||
Rákosmente is the name of the seventeenth district (XVII district) of Budapest . The name Rákosmente was chosen by the local self-government. It is the easternmost district of the Hungarian capital.
Location and dates
Rákosmente is the largest district in the city in terms of area, more than 25 times the size of the smallest district Belváros-Lipótváros . In the southwest it borders on Pestszentlőrinc-Pestszentimre (18th district), in the west on Kőbánya (10th district) and in the northwest on the 16th district . In the south are the places Ecser and Maglód , the northeastern neighbor is Nagytarcsa . The district boundary closest to the 0 km stone is 22 km away from it. The great distance from the city center is reflected in the colloquial name Rákosborzasztó or Rákosrettenetes . The adjectives borzasztó and saltenetes mean "terrible" and "terrible", respectively. Furthermore, these nicknames are based on the fact that many parts of the city begin with Rákos- . The name Rákos is derived from the stream of the same name that flows through the district. The word rák means " cancer ". The ending -os is adjective.
The 17th district consists of the following districts: Akadémiaújtelep , Madárdomb , Rákoscsaba , Rákoscsaba-Újtelep , Rákoshegy , Rákoskeresztúr , Rákoskert , Rákosliget , Régiakadémiatelep . In the vernacular, the name part Rákos- is often left out. There is talk of Csaba or Keresztúr , for example .
The population increased in the 1970s and 1980s as a result of the housing construction in Rákoskeresztúr ("Gerersdorf"), a formerly independent place that was incorporated into the capital in 1950. After 1990, the population continued to increase in the wake of the onset of suburbanization , while the population of all of Budapest has been declining for several decades. In 2007 the number in Rákosmente exceeded 80,000 inhabitants. In the formerly agricultural area, residential parks and family houses were built or expanded.
The Budapest Airport officially belongs to the 18th district or to Vecsés , but the two runways also touch the area of Rákosmente.
history
The district was created on January 1, 1950 with the incorporation of the independent large municipalities Rákoscsaba, Rákoshegy, Rákoskeresztúr and Rákosliget.
From the time before the common history of the district are v. a. to name the places Rákoscsaba and Rákoskeresztúr. According to oral tradition, the Huns crossed the area during the Great Migration . The place Rákoscsaba was named after Csaba, the son of Attila , who is said to have split off there with a smaller group. Numerous street and square names are also reminiscent of these supposed events. The first written mention of Rákoskeresztúr comes from a document from the year 1265. At that time the place was called Pousaracusa (or Pósarákosa ). Rákos-mező, located on today's outskirts, was an important place in the Middle Ages . National assemblies and meetings of the nobility were held there regularly between 1286 and 1540.
After the fall of Buda in 1541, the entire area came under Turkish rule until the reconquest in 1686. Due to the fierce fighting, Rákoscsaba and Rákoskeresztúr were almost completely depopulated. Therefore, Slavs from what was then Upper Hungary and Germans, the so-called Danube Swabians, were settled there. The population of Rákoscsaba took part in the Rákóczi uprising against the rule of the Habsburgs . Rákóczi spent the night of July 4th to 5th, 1705 in the village.
On August 29, 1848, the writer Mór Jókai and the actress Róza Laborfalvi married in the Catholic Church of Rákoscsaba. Béla Bartók lived in Rákoshegy from 1911 to 1920. Other personalities who lived in what is now the 17th district are the music teacher and composer Pongrác Kacsóh (* 1873, † 1923), the actress Lili Berki , the actor Gyula Gózon (* 1885, † 1972) and the opera singer József Gregor ( * 1940, † 2006). Today a local school bears the bassist's name .
In the 20th century, the places Rákosliget and Rákoshegy split off from Rákoskeresztúr. Rákosliget became a large municipality in 1907, Rákoshegy in 1921. The current districts of Rákoskert, which formerly belonged to Rákoscsaba, and Madárdomb, however, were never independent. The latter was only built in 1984. In the context of urbanization in the 1970s, large prefabricated buildings were built . The village character of the center of Rákoskeresztúr was destroyed and the outdated infrastructure was adapted to the requirements of the drastically increased population. The modernization of the traffic routes did not keep up with the rapid development of the district. Most of the town's dirt roads are still in Rákosmente today.
geography
Although the 17th district in the Pest level ( Pesti-síkság is) already the Alföld belongs, the terrain is very hilly and reaches approximately the same height as the Gellért Hill (235 m). The topography is reflected in the names of some parts of the city, such as B. Rákoshegy ( hegy means "mountain") or Madárdomb ( domb means "hill").
Part of the Merzse Swamp is also located in the district . The protected marshland covers an area of 27 hectares and is one of the few largely untouched natural habitats within the city limits of Budapest. There are four types of ferns , 131 types of dicotyledonous and 51 types of monocotyledonous plants. The birds that live there include the gray heron and kestrel , which are protected in Hungary .
traffic
The 17th district is crossed in an east-west direction by the main street Pesti út , which is part of 31-es főút . It represents the most important connection to the city center of Budapest and out of town towards Maglód and Jászberény . The other neighboring communities and districts can be reached via side streets. On the eastern edge of the district there is a connection to the section of the Budapest M0 ring road, which opened in 2008, via the two junctions Pécel and Jászberény Moglód Rákoskeresztúr .
Rákosmente is the only district in Budapest that is not connected to the Metró - and HÉV - or the tram network. Local public transport is therefore guaranteed by numerous BKV bus lines and two train lines. The 17th district can be reached from the city center by buses from the Kőbánya-Kispest metro stations (metro line 3) and Örs vezér tere (line 2), but individual bus routes also run directly to and from Buda . The central bus stop Rákoskeresztúr városközpont is located at the Pesti út / Ferihegyi út intersection and also serves as a connection point for buses to the suburbs of Ecser, Maglód, Gyömrő and Pécel.
In the district the railway lines No. 80 (Budapest– Sátoraljaújhely ) run in the north and No. 120 (Budapest– Újszász - Szolnok ) in the south, at which five passenger stations are served by regional trains. These are the stations Rákosliget, Rákoscsaba-Újtelep and Rákoscsaba on line 80 in the direction of Hatvan and the stations Rákoshegy and Rákoskert in the direction of Szolnok. They are served every 20 to 30 minutes from Budapest Keleti train station.
Local self-government
In the municipal elections of 1990, the Bund Free Democrats (SZDSZ) emerged victorious and provided the mayor József Dóczy. Until 1998 the district was ruled by SZDSZ mayors. It was only after the 1998 election that Katalin Molnár Devánszkyné of the Socialist Party (MSZP) became mayor. In 2002, Attila Hoffmann, also from the MSZP, succeeded it.
For the election on October 1, 2006, the composition of the local parliament changed. Since then, Levente Riz has been the mayor of the Hungarian Citizens' Union (Fidesz) and, at the same time, chairman of the 29-member body. With a turnout of 53.92%, the following result was achieved:
| Candidate for the office of mayor | Political party | Number of votes received | Result in percent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Levente Riz | Fidesz- KDNP | 15,763 | 44.54% |
| Attila Hoffmann | MSZP-SZDSZ | 15,440 | 43.63% |
| Gergő Fachet | IRISHMAN | 1,817 | 5.13% |
| Farkas Tibor | MDF | 976 | 2.76% |
| Tamásné Marschalkó | FPSZ | 793 | 2.24% |
| István Andráska | ASZ | 599 | 1.69% |
* ASZ = Aranyhegyi Szövetség ("Bund Aranyhegy"); FPSZ = Független Polgárok Szövetsége ("Association of non-party citizens"); IRE = Itthon Rákosmentén Egyesület ("Association at home in Rákosmente")
The distribution of representatives by organization is made up as follows:
| list | Number of representatives | Composition of the municipal parliament | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fidesz-KDNP | 14th | |||||||||||||||
| MSZP-SZDSZ | 12 | |||||||||||||||
| IRISHMAN | 2 | |||||||||||||||
The following political groups have been represented since October 2008 :
| fraction | Number of representatives | Composition of the municipal parliament | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fidesz | 12 | |||||||||||||
| MSZP | 6th | |||||||||||||
| SZDSZ | 3 | |||||||||||||
| IRISHMAN | 2 | |||||||||||||
| KDNP- MIÉP | 2 | |||||||||||||
| MSZDP (Hungarian Social Democratic Party) | 2 | |||||||||||||
| Independent | 1 | |||||||||||||
In the municipal parliament, Fidesz, with 13 members including the mayor, together with the parliamentary groups from KDNP and MIÉP, has the majority. Usually the majority also supports the representative of the independents. The faction of the MSZDP was founded by former members of the MSZP faction. The representative of the independents is a former member of the SZDSZ parliamentary group. He also runs a municipal kindergarten.
Sights and culture
Budapest's only chamber theater, the Gózon Gyula Kamaraszínház , is located in the 17th district, but Rákosmente does not have its own cinema. After the regime change, all cinemas in the district were closed due to a lack of profitability. The closest cinema is in the Sugár Center on Örs vezér tere . Each district has a community center where cultural events such as concerts and festivals take place. These are also often held in the vicinity of the centers, for example at nearby sports or playgrounds.
There is a museum with a permanent exhibition by the ceramic artist Árpád Csekovszky in his former home. Béla Bartók's temporary residence is also a monument today. This also applies to the Renée Erdős House, which today houses the local history collection. The baroque Podmaniczky-Vigyázó castle in Rákoskeresztúr dates from 1760. Other sights include the former outdoor swimming pool of Rákoscsaba and the Bogáti-Hajdú villa, which is also called the sinking castle ( süllyedő kastély ). The style of the villa, built on damp ground, is reminiscent of castles on the Loire . Finally, there is the monument in the Volkspark ( Népkert ), reminding of the Treaty of Trianon .
Natural attractions include the Merzse Swamp, the Rákos Brook and Naplás Lake, as well as the surrounding forests. Most of the bank of the Rákos stream is concreted. The water and the river bed are polluted in many places.
Churches
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media
Rákosmente has its own radio station , Rádió 17 . In addition, the Hírhozó local government newspaper appears every two weeks . Monthly magazines are z. B. Rákosmenti Miújság , Helyi Hírek , Helyi Théma , Tizenhetedik or Rákosvidék .
Statues
The Hősök Emlékműve ("Heroes Monument") by Zsigmond Kisfaludy Stróbl is located in Rákoskeresztúr next to the church in Pesti út . Another statue is the A távolba néző munkás ("Worker looking into the distance"). The two meter high limestone statue of László Molnár from 1953 was brought to Rákoshegy in 1974. There it is on the corner of Szabadság út - Baross út in front of the train station.
Personalities
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Honorary citizen
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Twin cities
Individual evidence
- ^ National Electoral Office Hungary
- ↑ District newspaper Hírhozó, May 2008 edition ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Aláírták a testvérvárosi megállapodást, Hírhozó, XVIII. Vintage. No. 11, page 10
literature
- Rákoscsaba , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 644
swell
- Rákosmente: Budapest főváros XVII. kerülete (Ed .: Dr. Károly Krébesz, photos: György Faragó), Petőfi Nyomda, Kecskemét, 1987, ISBN 963-03-2776-7
- Budapest XVII. kerülete (Ed .: Gyula Varga), AduPrint Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, ISBN 963-202-142-8
- Tájékoztató adatok az eredményekről. Országos Választási Iroda, November 22, 2006, accessed October 31, 2008 (Hungarian).
- Page no longer available , search in web archives: Hírhozó.
- Page no longer available , search in web archives: Kerületünk testvérvárosai. A XVII. kerület Önkormányzat
