Ziller
| Ziller | ||
 The Ziller near Mayrhofen |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | AT : 2-8-214 | |
| location | Zillertal , Tyrol , Austria | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Inn → Danube → Black Sea | |
| source | on the Zillertal main ridge of the Zillertal Alps 47 ° 5 ′ 10 ″ N , 12 ° 7 ′ 2 ″ E |
|
| Source height | 2267 m above sea level A. | |
| muzzle | at Strass im Zillertal in the Inn Coordinates: 47 ° 24 ′ 25 ″ N , 11 ° 50 ′ 14 ″ E 47 ° 24 ′ 25 ″ N , 11 ° 50 ′ 14 ″ E |
|
| Mouth height | 518 m above sea level A. | |
| Height difference | 1749 m | |
| Bottom slope | 31 ‰ | |
| length | 55.7 km | |
| Catchment area | 1,135.4 km² | |
| Discharge at the Mayrhofen A Eo gauge: 620.9 km². Location: 29.9 km above the mouth |
NNQ (25.11.1983) MNQ 1971–2011 MQ 1971–2011 Mq 1971–2011 MHQ 1971–2011 HHQ (25.08.1987) |
1.66 m³ / s 3.19 m³ / s 26.8 m³ / s 43.2 l / (s km²) 174 m³ / s 350 m³ / s |
| Discharge at the Hart gauge in the Zillertal A Eo : 1,125.4 km² Location: 7.62 km above the mouth |
NNQ (01/16/1972) MNQ 1971-2011 MQ 1971-2011 Mq 1971-2011 MHQ 1971-2011 HHQ (08/10/1970) |
3.6 m³ / s 8.89 m³ / s 44.5 m³ / s 39.5 l / (s km²) 248 m³ / s 530 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Zemmbach , Sidanbach, Riedbach, Finsingbach | |
| Right tributaries | Gerlosbach , Märzenbach, Haselbach | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Zillergründl storage facility | |
 The Ziller below the Zillergründl barrier |
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The Ziller is a right tributary of the Inn with a length of around 56 km in the Tyrolean Zillertal in Austria .
course
Source to Mayrhofen (Zillergrund)
The source is at around 2,270 m above sea level and lies on the main ridge of the Zillertal Alps between the Rauchkofel (3,251 m) and Klockerkarkopf (2,913 m) mountains , near the border between the two Austrian states of Tyrol and Salzburg and Italy . It is located in the municipality of Brandberg . The Ziller initially flows through the Zillergrund . After a few kilometers to the northwest, the stream feeds the Zillergründl reservoir . From there it goes four kilometers to the west, then the Ziller takes the Sunderbach from the left. After 13 km the Ziller reaches Mayrhofen .
Mayrhofen to Zell am Ziller
In Mayrhofen the Ziller takes up the Zemmbach (which in turn takes up the Tuxerbach ) and flows from now on towards the north. The Sidanbach is added near Schwendau. In Zell am Ziller opens Gerlosbach in the Ziller.
Zell am Ziller to the mouth
After Zell am Ziller , the Ziller flows through Aschau in the Zillertal , where it receives the Aschach. In Kaltenbach he records the Kaltenbach and near Ried in the Zillertal valley Märzenbach and Riedbach. Almost seven kilometers further north come the Finsingbach near Uderns and the Haselbach near Hart in the Zillertal . After another seven kilometers, the river flows into the Inn .
Catchment area and water supply
The natural catchment area of the Ziller is 1135.4 km² and includes most of the Zillertal Alps north of the main Alpine ridge and parts of the Tux and Kitzbühel Alps . The highest point is the Hochfeiler at 3509 m above sea level. A. 50.5 km² (4.5%) of the catchment area are glaciated (as of 1988). The hydrologically effective catchment area has been enlarged by 30.7 km² compared to the natural one, due to the supply of streams from the Salzach catchment area into the Durlaßboden reservoir .
The mean discharge at the Hart im Zillertal gauge, 7.6 km above the mouth (96% of the total catchment area) is 44.5 m³ / s, which corresponds to a discharge rate of 39.5 l / s · km². This makes the Ziller the most water-rich feeder to the Inn in Tyrol. The Ziller has a level-glacial runoff regime that is dominated by the snowmelt in the higher elevations. The mean discharge in the months of June and July with the most water is 78.2 and 78.1 m³ / s respectively, three times as high as in January, the month with the least water, with 23.5 m³ / s.
history
The Ziller is mentioned for the first time in 925 and 927 in documentary records of the Archbishopric of Salzburg as Zilare and ad Zilarem . In later mentions he is called preterfluente Cilarn (1150), fluvius Cilinus (1220), Ciler (1239), Ziler (1241) and fluvius Zyler (1305). The origin of the Ziller has only been seen uniformly in the Zillergrund (formerly known as Hollenz ) since the 17th century . Before that, the current Zamser Bach and Zemmbach were sometimes seen as the upper reaches or the river was only referred to as the Ziller from the confluence of the source brooks near Mayrhofen.
In ancient times, the Ziller formed the border between the Roman provinces of Raetia and Noricum . The early Christian diocesan division often followed the Roman administrative structure and so the Ziller subsequently represented the eastern border of the diocese of Augsburg . Even today, the river still forms the border between the diocese of Innsbruck or formerly the diocese of Brixen to the west and the archdiocese of Salzburg to the east .
ecology
The water quality class is I-II, in the area around Mayrhofen II today The Ziller has a good one. Bach and rainbow trout - and grayling population on. The river is up to twenty meters wide and two meters deep.
Web links
- Water level, flow rate and water temperature of the Ziller at the Zell am Ziller gauge (Hydrographic Service Tyrol)
- Water level, flow rate and water temperature of the Ziller at the Hart im Zillertal gauge (Hydrographic Service Tyrol)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b TIRIS - Tyrolean regional planning and information system
- ↑ Land Tirol: Hydrographic characteristics
- ↑ a b c d Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th Volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 106 and OG 109, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (Yearbook 2011)
- ^ Max H. Fink, Otto Moog, Reinhard Wimmer: Flowing waters - natural areas of Austria . Federal Environment Agency, Monographs Volume 128, Vienna 2000, pp. 45–51 ( PDF; 475 kB )
- ↑ Helmut Mader, Theo Steidl, Reinhard Wimmer: Discharge regime of Austrian rivers. Contributions to a nationwide river typology. Federal Environment Agency, monographs Volume 82, Vienna 1996, p. 96 ( PDF; 14.7 MB )
- ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Volume 1: By the year 1140 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8 , p. 98 ff., No. 133 and 137 .
- ↑ Otto Stolz : History of the waters of Tyrol. Schlern-Schriften, Volume 32, Innsbruck 1932, pp. 22 and 88–89 ( digitized version )
- ^ Franz-Heinz Hye : The Diocese of Innsbruck and its borders. In: Innsbruck informs, No. 1, January 1998, p. 14 ( digitized version )
- ↑ Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (ed.): Saprobiological water quality of the flowing waters of Austria. As of 2005. ( PDF; 1 MB ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. )
