Hannover Adventure Zoo

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Hannover Adventure Zoo
Hannover Zoo Experience Logo 2014.svg
motto Really different
place Adenauerallee 3
30175 Hanover
surface 22 hectares
opening May 4, 1865
Animal species 181 species (2019)
Individuals 2159 animals (2019)
Visitor numbers 1,035,905 (2019)
organization
management Andreas Michael Casdorff (Managing Director)
Sponsorship Zoo Hannover GmbH
Funding organizations Zoo Foundation Region Hanover,
Association of Zoo Friends Hanover
Member of WAZA , EAZA , VdZ
Hanover Zoo entrance ausen.jpg

Entrance to the zoo on the street
www.zoo-hannover.de
Hannover Adventure Zoo (Lower Saxony)
Hannover Adventure Zoo

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 51 ″  N , 9 ° 46 ′ 14 ″  E

The Hannover Adventure Zoo is a zoological garden in the Zoo district in Hannover . It was founded on May 4, 1865 and covers an area of ​​22 hectares . In 2020 the facility housed around 2,150 animals of 181 species. The company employs just over 400 people in the main season, the majority of whom are responsible for looking after visitors.

Its area with conventional animal presentation was significantly further developed, especially at the turn of the millennium. Seven themed worlds were created that are based on the natural habitat or culture of animals, offer them opportunities to retreat and at the same time enable visitors to meet without bars.

history

Adolf Schütte (1865)

Former entrance to the zoo on Schiffgraben , left, 1908
Postcard with the zoo before 1900

Hanover Zoo was founded in 1865 from private funds and is the fifth oldest zoo in Germany. The suggestion for the construction came in the middle of the 19th century by Hermann Schläger and members of the Natural History Society of Hanover , which had already founded the Natural History Museum . The Natural History Society of Hanover set up a three-person commission to hold talks with the City of Hanover. A general assembly of those interested in the zoo took place on February 25, 1863, and in the summer of the same year the construction of a zoological garden began. Since the company was prepared for extensive costs for keeping the wild animals, a stock company was founded. Ongoing costs should be covered by annual subscriptions and receipts at the box office. The Hanover Zoological Garden was opened in May 1865. The then zoo assistant from Cologne, Adolf Schütte, was appointed as the first zoo director by the board of directors and was largely responsible for building up the animal population at Hanover Zoo.

Wilhelm Niemeyer (1865–1874)

Schuette's successor was a trained farmer and visited several zoos before taking office in order to acquire knowledge of animal horticulture. His passion was bird keeping, which was clearly reflected in the Hanoverian animal population: the species-rich pheasant collection enjoyed supraregional awareness and recognition. Niemeyer wrote the first zoo guide for Hanover Zoo, in which he described the animals according to animal houses and enclosures.

In the center of the complex was a rock complex with a bird of prey aviary , aquarium and grottoes for predators.

Christian Kuckuck (1874-1893)

With Christian Kuckuck , a trained veterinarian took over the management of the zoo in 1874. He completed his studies at the Royal Veterinary School in Hanover in 1865 and gained experience as a veterinarian before he took office. In the early years, the founders faced many difficulties. The standard was high, but there was no practical experience of keeping wild animals. The result was heavy losses. Under his leadership, the Hanover Zoo developed into the social center of the city, even if the desired importance of the zoological garden as a natural history educational institution took a back seat.

Ernst Schäff (1893-1910)

Before his appointment as Hanoverian zoo director, the studied biologist was an assistant at the zoological institute of the Berlin Agricultural University. The scientific area of ​​the zoo was important to him. He held z. B. biology lectures at the University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover and worked hard to ensure that the zoo was recognized as an educational institute. During Schäff's tenure, the number of animals in Hanover reached its hitherto qualitative and quantitative peak.

Adolf Fritze (1910–1923)

When Adolf Fritze took over the management in 1910, the zoo was on the way into a financial crisis. Many direct competitors, e.g. For example, modern forest management near the zoo or the town hall built in 1913/14 were more attractive to visitors. Due to the consequences of the First World War , the stock corporation ran into financial difficulties - although the city administration had paid an annual subsidy since 1905. The city administration secured the operation of the zoo by increasing grants until it finally took over the zoo in 1920. When the zoo was no longer financially viable, it was closed on October 1, 1922.

Otto Müller (1924–1933)

A citizens' initiative campaigned for the zoo to be reopened. Due to public pressure and private commitment, the zoo was reopened in 1924 by the animal trading company Ruhe from Alfeld with a lion canyon, a predator house and a monkey rock. Otto Müller was the driving force behind this initiative and was appointed as the new zoo director. Before his tenure, he was a senior teacher of natural sciences at the Leibniz School in Hanover and was popular with his students for his unconventional teaching methods. For example, he set up a school cinema (one of the first in Germany) and used terrariums in the classrooms to show the students living visuals in biology lessons. As the zoo director, he was anxious to re-establish the zoo as a social place by organizing concerts, open-air cinemas, theater performances, masked balls or garden parties in the zoo.

Hermann Ruhe senior (Tenant) (1931–1961)

Hermann Ruhe owned an animal trading company in Alfeld and had worked with Hannover Zoo for a long time. From 1931 he used the zoo as a "shop window" for his pet shop. In 1932, Ruhe took over the zoo completely. After the zoo had been badly destroyed in the Second World War , it was provisionally made ready for operation again by 1946 with funds from the company. Until the new beginning in the 1950s, there were only a few animals in the zoo. In the following years houses for rhinos , elephants , giraffes and antelopes as well as a seal and penguin enclosure were built. Since the end of the 1950s, a then modern open space zoo was built with funds from the city budget. During this time the zoo was known for its elephant breeding: ten Asian and three African elephants were born. The zoo was also known in specialist circles for its antelope population. From the times of the animal trade, a large number of species came from Africa such as saber, horse, sable and addax antelopes. Different duiker, various hartebeest species, wildebeest and the American pronghorn antelope were bred.

Hermann Ruhe jr. (Lessee) (1961–1971)

Hermann Ruhe jr. established narrow trenches as a symbolic boundary, which later became known as the Hanoverian trench principle . He observed various ungulate species and found that they too have a strong bond with their familiar surroundings and only overcome these symbolic boundaries in extreme cases.

Lothar Dittrich (1972-1993)

In 1972 the zoo returned to the ownership of the city of Hanover and Lothar Dittrich took over management. From circles of Hanoverian politics and economy the foundation of the Friends of the Zoo Hanover e. V. , who built a number of new animal enclosures in the following years. The highlight was the construction of the new jungle home for apes . From 1974 walruses were shown and the petting meadow with many pets was created. In 1978 the first drill was born after the war. At the time, Hanover Zoo was the only zoo in the world where this endangered primate species from West Africa regularly grew up. It was here that the studbook for the drills was founded. Meanwhile there is also an association to protect these monkeys in their homeland.

1975 was a record year with 980,000 day visitors, in the 1980s there were great breeding successes in Hanover and the zoo took part in various reintroduction programs. Lothar Dittrich was committed to ensuring that the zoo was perceived as an educational institution. He held lectures at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover ( The biology and keeping of zoo animals ) and took over the scientific supervision of the television magazine Tele Zoo .

Klaus-Michael Machens (1994-2011)

Entrance area of ​​the zoo, 2009
Redesigned zoo entrance, 2019

In the early 1990s, the zoo was in a crisis. The number of visitors fell, the public operating subsidy was cut. The city then decided to start over. The municipal office of the zoo was converted into a GmbH in 1994 and sold symbolically for one mark to the municipal association of Greater Hanover. The lawyer and deputy director of the municipal association Greater Hanover, Klaus-Michael Machens , took over the management.

In 1995, an interdisciplinary planning team examined the zoo's strengths and weaknesses. The result was that the zoo had to face the competition with a new concept. Zoo experts, architects and recreational researchers then worked closely together to develop the “Zoo 2000” concept, with which the zoo took part in the ideas competition at the Expo 2000 world exhibition . The concept bears Machens' signature and was created using the Design Thinking method. In 1996 the zoo was officially recognized as the "Project Expo 2000", but was initially viewed with suspicion, especially among experts.

The philosophy of the new zoo is: “Only what people know will they love. They will only protect what people love. ”The traditional presentation of animals in enclosures has largely been abandoned. Rather, the natural habitats of the animals were reproduced in true-to-detail scenarios. For a total investment of 54.7 million euros, four adventure worlds that are unique in Europe were created: the African landscape "Zambezi", the gorilla mountain, the Indian jungle palace and Meyers Hof. The distances between humans and animals were reduced to a minimum, and the necessary safety barriers were built into the landscape.

In 2005 the zoo was honored with the German Tourism Prize. Since 2000, over a million guests have visited the zoo every year. In 2005 the “Winter Zoo” opened for the first time, in 2007 the children's area “Mullewapp” was opened, in spring 2010 the Australian “Outback” and in May 2010 the seventh adventure world, the Canadian “Yukon Bay”.

Some commentators rate the success of the Zoo 2000 concept as follows:

  • Financial Times Deutschland :
    “Machens - calculated on a full-time basis - created almost 250 new jobs and more than tripled visitor prices. Even though Hanover's zoo is the most expensive in Germany with an entrance fee of 23 euros for adults, it has twice as many guests as in 1994. The zoo sells almost 20 times more annual tickets, namely more than 100,000, and the ticket price rose by 555 percent. "
  • Association of Taxpayers :
    "The indisputable economic success is largely due to the long-standing managing director Machens and his committed employees". Successes "that cannot be attributed to regional politics."

After persistent political differences between the regional president and zoo supervisory board chairman Hauke ​​Jagau and the zoo director Machens, Jagau initially appointed a second managing director at Machens's side at the beginning of February 2011, and at the end of March 2011 Machens was dismissed from the zoo's supervisory board without notice. After the board of directors refused to negotiate, Machens brought an action against his dismissal. Previously, from a criminal law perspective, the Hanover public prosecutor's office “could not find any indications of improper conduct on the part of Klaus-Michael Machens”, an assessment that was confirmed in the last instance in July 2011. In February 2012, the Hanover Regional Court ruled that Machens' dismissal was unlawful and awarded him severance pay.

Frank Werner (2011-2013)

In 2011 Frank Werner, the previous commercial manager of the zoo, was entrusted with the management. He consistently continued the concept of theming with the new construction of the Kibongo chimpanzee enclosure.

Frank Werner and Andreas Michael Casdorff (2013 to 2016)

In August 2013, Andreas M. Casdorff took over the areas of gastronomy, marketing / press, merchandising, service, sales and zoology as managing director with equal rights. In February 2016, the contract with Frank Werner was not renewed by the zoo's supervisory board.

The logo of the zoo until 2014

Worlds of experience

The Hannover Adventure Zoo , which has been known since 1996, is largely divided into thematic areas in which the visitor is apparently transported into the animals' natural habitat and can observe them without bars. A five kilometer long discovery trail offers the opportunity to go on a tour of discovery. Part of the concept are commented feedings, up to eight animal shows a day, safaris with zoo scouts for groups, jungle and evolution trails as well as walk-in pelican and kangaroo enclosures and a petting zoo for children.

Zambezi

Open flamingo enclosure
Zambezi boat trip through Hanover Zoo past the animal enclosures

The "Zambezi landscape" is modeled on an African savannah landscape. It is named after the Zambezi . A recreated river meanders past the spacious enclosures of cattle egrets , South African crowned cranes and white storks , antelopes , flamingos , hippos , mende antelopes , giraffes and rhinos . As one of the main attractions of the zoo, rope-guided boats run on the water (except in winter), some of which bring visitors very close to the animals. There is also a North African desert complex with a Kasbah backdrop . Rare Addax and Somali wild asses live there . In the “Sahara Conservation Visitor Center” the zoo provides information about its reintroduction efforts. There is also an African petting meadow

Afi Mountain

The "Gorilla Mountain" rises in the middle of the zoo. It is the core of Afi Mountain and the oldest facility in the themed worlds. In the course of the ascent over the evolutionary path, the visitor is confronted with the tribal history of humans including excavations and life-size replicas.

You enter the realm of the lowland gorillas via a cave , a clearing in the jungle with a waterfall, climbing tree and caves. There are climbing ropes for children right next to the enclosure. During the descent, an excavation site, an abandoned research camp and a broken Land Rover represent the efforts of the scientists to unravel the mystery of humanity.

At the end of the path there is the jungle house with the indoor facilities of the gorillas and chimpanzees as well as the drills and Brazzame cats. The keeping of Sumatran orangutans ended in September 2018 with the release of the male Jambi to the Audubon Zoo in New Orleans.

Furthermore, there is a walk-African bird aviary with black-cheeked lovebird , fork Racken , Yellow-throated French linen , Ferruginous Duck , Senegal pigeons , ruffs , Kaptrielen , Cory ducks and Namaqua Dove .

Living in Afi Mountain:

Yukon Bay

The Canadian themed world " Yukon Bay" with wolf canyon, river, port city and underwater world was created in cooperation with the Yukon Territory . The theme world officially opened on May 22, 2010. It shows the following animal species:

Timber wolves, young animals

The penguins live on the Yukon Queen cargo ship in the harbor basin, which ran aground there on a fictional voyage from South Africa . The underwater world, with a view of the polar bear, seal and penguin pools, can be seen from the hold of the Yukon Queen .

In the Robben show in Yukon stage following species are shown: Northern fur seal , Baltic gray seals , California sea lions and bald eagles .

Construction started in January 2008. The project was financed by the Hanover Region , the European Fund for Regional Development , donations and income from the zoo. The first construction phase, the “Yukon Trail”, was opened in July 2008 and directly connects the themed worlds of the Zambezi and the Jungle Palace.

Jungle palace

Reflection of the jungle palace
Elephants in the jungle palace

The "jungle palace" represents the palace of the Indian maharajah Bakhat, who was slowly taken back by the jungle and animals after his death . The centerpiece of the adventure world is a large elephant enclosure and the sacred temple monkeys. Tigers live near the state room. The discovery path continues through the large palace hall, where the visible indoor enclosures of the Hanuman monkeys , the enclosure of the leopards , the Tupaias and the elephant ranger station of the Rajaji National Park are located.

Behind the Indian palace you leave the jungle and enter the heights of the Himalayas through a red Chinese gate. Small pandas and muntjacs live here together on one site .

The jungle palace houses:

Outback

Behind the jungle palace it goes over the "Little Himalaya" with muntjakas and small pandas directly into the Australian " outback ", where marsupials and Australian birds can be seen. As part of the construction work for Yukon Bay, this sixth adventure world was set up in the winter of 2009/2010.

Red earth and a hilly landscape with an old farm house with a typical wind turbine, an abandoned gas station and a small pub bring back memories of the area near Ayers Rock, Australia . Bennett kangaroos live in a walk-in enclosure . Various Australian bird species can be found in an aviary that is integrated into the “ pub ”.

Living in the outback since March 2010:

Mullewapp

Entrance to Mullewapp

In June 2007 the children's area " Mullewapp " was opened based on the motifs of the children's book author Helme Heine .

Mullewapp is designed as the home of three friends, Johnny Mauser, Franz von Hahn and the fat Waldemar. In addition to a house with mice and rats, there are numerous allusions to the literary model as well as three toboggan runs , an adventure playground and a family restaurant where you can put together your own pasta dish and watch it being prepared.

The following species live in this part of Mullewapps:

For school classes a biology room with small animals has been set up, including snails , American tree frogs , bearded dragons , blue-tongued skink , oriental fire-bellied toad , pythons , Madagascar day gecko , Yemen chameleons , Stachelschwanzwarane , spiders turtles , leafcutter ants , Wandering leaves and Madagascar hissing cockroaches and a Tanzanian Long-tailed scorpion . The room is only accessible at certain times during the winter zoo.

Meyer's court

"Meyers Hof" is a rural homestead . It consists of old residential, farm and stable buildings in a rural setting with meadows, pastures and a pond. Seven half-timbered houses typical of the region (some of them special hall houses ) from different eras form the backdrop for this world of experience. The historical buildings in the zoo have been rebuilt true to the original. The ensemble is complemented by the “Brodelburg” adventure playground and a restaurant in an old farmhouse. The Meyers Hof area in the zoo is accessible free of charge in the summer from 6 p.m. and in the winter from 4 p.m. via a side entrance to the restaurant.

Regional domestic and farm animal breeds live on Meyers Hof, which have become rare:

  • “Brodelburg” adventure playground for children

  • Restaurant in a Low German hall house on Meyers Hof

  • Stable building of the yard

  • Pasture with a pond in the yard

Winter zoo

From late November to mid-February, the “Winter Zoo” takes place at Meyers Hof and in Mullewapp. The attractions include an ice rink for children and adults, ice stock sport , three toboggan runs , a Porutsche for the little ones and a nostalgic children's carousel.

  • Ice skating rink of the winter zoo

  • Ice rink at night

  • Toboggan run with rubber tires

  • Meyers Hof restaurant with Christmas decorations

Smaller subject areas

Tropical house

The tropical house forms an environment that was modeled on a rainforest. Among other things, there are free-flying parrots in it . There are also terrariums with small mammals and reptiles.

Living in a tropical house:

Old plants

Elephant Show at Hannover Zoo (2006)

As a result of the Yukon Bay project, a considerable part of the old systems was replaced, which no longer corresponded to today's standard. For the time being, there are the enclosures for alpacas, llamas , rheas , vicuñas , pampas hares and capybaras , as well as the enclosure for roan antelopes . The birds of prey - aviaries with griffon vultures , bald eagles , Andean condors , bearded vultures , steppe eagles , buzzards and black kites were demolished in winter 2015. The three small aviaries are still there but no longer occupied and separated from the flow of visitors but visible.

Show arena

In Hannover Adventure Zoo there are up to six shows a day, which take place in the show arena on the Zambezi, on Meyers Hof and in the new Yukon Stadium in the port of Yukon Bay. Special features of zoo animals, such as the hunting behavior of birds of prey or the pronounced olfactory sense of coatis, are presented in the shows. Animal records are discussed and veterinary aspects are illustrated. The shows are complemented by the numerous feedings, during which, for example, the family association of elephants is explained and the rearing of baby elephants is discussed.

The following animal species are shown in the shows in the show arena:

Panorama at the zoo

Panorama at the zoo from the outside
Panorama at the zoo from the inside with panorama picture "Amazonia"

On November 18, 2017, the Hanover Zoo opened the panorama picture “Amazonia - Fascination of the Tropical Rainforest” by the Berlin artist Yadegar Asisi in a separate circular building . The round picture within the “Panorama am Zoo” building with a circumference of 111 meters and a height of 32 meters shows a landscape in the Amazon basin with the plants and animals there. The day and night simulation allows visitors to spend several “days” on the Amazon . The entrance fee for the zoo does not include a visit to the “Panorama at the Zoo”.

Awards

The Parkscout Audience Award , which is given by readers of the online magazine Parkscout.de and which is considered one of the most important awards in the leisure industry, has already been awarded to Hannover Adventure Zoo seven times.

criticism

According to covert research by the animal rights organization Peta , which was published in a report by the TV program Report Mainz on April 4, 2017, so-called elephant hooks are used when keeping elephants . The report sees severe cruelty to animals and inappropriate keeping. The Hanover Zoo rejected the allegations, requested factual clarification and asked Peta to provide the complete picture material. Peta rejected this with reference to a criminal complaint filed by Peta. On August 22, 2017, the Hanover public prosecutor closed the investigation into elephant cruelty because they found insufficient suspicion of criminal offenses and animal cruelty. The zoo accuses Peta of "lying and false statements". In October 2017, Peta lodged a complaint against the termination of the investigation with the Public Prosecutor's Office in Celle. According to Peta, there was an 18-page review of the footage allegedly showing the abuse of elephants by the former veterinarian of the Cologne Zoo, Olaf Behlert. He came to the conclusion that there were “clear and serious violations of the Animal Welfare Act”. The Hanover Zoo replied that it was "the usual procedure for all of their [ie Petas] campaigns to continue playing them media and to raise funds," and asked why Peta did not publish the full material as it did at the zoo required. On January 29, 2018, the Public Prosecutor's Office in Celle rejected Peta's complaint.

In November 2017, the Hanover Zoo was again accused with 19 other zoos in Germany. According to Peta, waterfowl in zoos are rendered incapable of flight through "regular feather trimming or surgery." In a statement, the zoo announced: “Currently we are only aware of the Peta press release. We have no further information. For many years now, only a few bird species (e.g. pelican , flamingo , crowned crane ) have had their feathers cut once a year as part of the veterinary check-up. ”On March 29, 2018, the Hanover public prosecutor opened the investigation against the Zoo, since treating the birds is painless and therefore harmless.

literature

  • Lothar Dittrich, Annelore Rieke-Müller: A garden for people and animals . Verlagsgesellschaft Grütter, Hannover 1990, ISBN 3-9801063-2-2 .

Web links

Commons : Zoo Hannover  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Hannover Zoo  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Achim Schaffrinna: New logo for Hanover Zoo. In: designtagebuch.de , December 2, 2014, accessed on September 10, 2015
  2. ↑ a b c d Animal inventory in the Adventure Zoo Report on the website of the Adventure Zoo Hannover, accessed on January 10, 2020.
  3. ^ The zoo as a business enterprise. ( Memento of the original from October 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: zoo-hannover.de , accessed on October 5, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zoo-hannover.de
  4. ↑ L. Ruhe: The company history in numbers. ( Memento from July 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ Design Thinking at Hannover Zoo . ( Memento from September 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) In: Financial Times Deutschland , August 6, 2010
  6. ^ First German profit park. In: Focus , June 8, 1998
  7. ↑ Zoo Foundation Region Hannover
  8. ^ German Tourism Prize - Special Prize for Permanent Innovation 2005
  9. ↑ quoted from Design Thinking at Hannover Zoo . ( Memento from September 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) In: Financial Times Deutschland , August 6, 2010
  10. ^ Association of Taxpayers, quoted in the Hanover Adventure Zoo in the regional TÜV. In: haz.de
  11. ↑ Felix Harbart, Bernd Haase: The struggle for the future of the Hanover zoo . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , February 9, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  12. ↑ Supervisory board fires Hanover's zoo boss Machens . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , March 25, 2011. Accessed February 7, 2014.
  13. ↑ Machens files a lawsuit against Hanover Zoo . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , April 7, 2011. Accessed February 7, 2014.
  14. ↑ No investigations into dismissed zoo boss Machens . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , March 31, 2011. Accessed February 7, 2014.
  15. ↑ Investigations against former zoo boss Machens rejected . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , July 22, 2011. Retrieved on February 7, 2014.
  16. ↑ Dismissal by the zoo manager is illegal . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , February 14, 2012. Retrieved on February 7, 2014.
  17. ↑ Werner leaves - Zoo now only has one manager. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , February 18, 2016; Retrieved February 19, 2016
  18. ↑ Jambi travels to New Orleans. ( Memento of the original from September 12, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Press release of the Hannover Adventure Zoo from August 31, 2018. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zoo-hannover.de
  19. ↑ Hannover Zoo opens rainforest panorama In: ndr.de , accessed on November 20, 2017.
  20. ↑ 360 ° Panorama: Hyperrealistic Art Space “AMAZONIA - Fascination Tropical Rainforest” In: Focus , accessed on November 20, 2017.
  21. ↑ The Parkscout Audience Award , accessed on December 12, 2017
  22. ↑ Parkscout Audience Award 2017 , accessed on December 12, 2017
  23. ↑ In the Hanover Zoo, elephant children are abused. In: swr.de , Report Mainz, April 4, 2017, accessed on April 5, 2017.
  24. ^ Zoo in Hanover - "The brutality surprised even us". In: sueddeutsche.de , April 7, 2017, accessed on April 9, 2017
  25. ↑ Controversial elephant training: Employees of the Hanover zoo receive death threats. In: Spiegel Online. Retrieved April 7, 2017 .
  26. ↑ Peta refuses to release all of the film material . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , April 10, 2017
  27. ↑ Hannover Zoo: Public prosecutor's office stops investigations. In: Spiegel Online , accessed on August 22, 2017.
  28. ^ Peta allegations: investigation against the zoo closed. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , accessed on August 22, 2017.
  29. ^ Zoo accuses PETA of "lying and false statements". In: ndr.de , accessed on August 23, 2017.
  30. ↑ But elephant torture? PETA files a complaint. In: ndr.de , accessed on October 19, 2017.
  31. ↑ Hannover Zoo: Public Prosecutor General examines allegations In: Neue Presse , accessed on October 21, 2017.
  32. ↑ Public prosecutor rejects Peta complaint In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , accessed on March 20, 2018.
  33. ↑ Peta: New report against Hanover Zoo In: Neue Presse , accessed on November 9, 2017.
  34. ↑ Peta fails with a complaint against the zoo In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung , accessed on March 29, 2018.