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{{infobox music festival
This page describes [[fuel efficiency]] in means of [[transportation]]. For the [[environmental impact assessment]] of a given [[product]] or [[Service (economics)|service]] throughout its lifespan, see [[life cycle assessment]].
| music_festival_name = K-Rock Dysfunctional Family Picnic
== Caveats ==
<br clear = all>
| image =
| caption =
{{Unreferencedsection|date=March 2008}}
| location = [[New York, New York]]
{{Cleanup|date=March 2008}}
| years_active= 1997 – 2004, 2008
Comparing '''Fuel efficiency in transportation''' is a bit like comparing apples and oranges in some ways. Here are a few things to consider. Traction energy Metrics produced by the UK Rail and Safety Standards Board is also a useful review of the problem of comparison http://www.rssb.co.uk/pdf/reports/research/T618_traction-energy-metrics_final.pdf
| founders=[[K-Rock]]
| dates = Summer
| genre = [[Rock music|Rock]], [[Heavy metal music|Metal]], [[Punk music|Punk]], [[Hip-hop|Hip-Hop]], [[Post-Hardcore]], [[Rap music|Rap]], [[Reggae]], [[Ska]]
| website = [http://www.923krock.com 92.3 Krock]
}}
'''Dysfunctional Family Picnic''' was a multi-artist [[alternative rock]] concert, presented annually by the [[New York, New York]], [[United States|USA]] radio station [[WXRK|K-Rock]], beginning in 1997. It's West Coast "sister" concert, is the [[KROQ Weenie Roast]].


==History==
* There is a distinction between vehicle [[Miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent|MPGe]] and passenger MPGe. Most of these entries cite passenger MPGe even if not explicitly stated. It is important not to compare energy figures that relate to unsimilar journeys. An airline jet cannot be used for an urban commute so when comparing aircraft with cars the car figures must take this into account.
There have been various venues that hosted the Dysfunctional Family Picnic including [[PNC Bank Arts Center]] in [[Holmdel]], [[New Jersey]], [[Giants Stadium]], in [[East Rutherford]], [[New Jersey]] and [[Jones Beach Amphitheatre]] in [[Wantagh]], [[New York]].


In 2003 the Dysfunctional Family Pinic was called "DFP 7-Tarium". Instead of booking an original show, it was just another stop on [[Metallica]]'s [[Summer Sanitarium]] tour.
* There is currently no agreed upon method of comparing [[electric vehicle]] efficiency to [[heat engine]] ([[fossil fuel]]) vehicle efficiency. However, current typical emissions and thermal energy consumption can be compared. Vehicle speed is also an important parameter, and a peer-reviewed evaluation which convolves these criteria may be found at http://www.bentham-open.org/pages/content.php?TOEFJ/2008/00000001/00000001/11TOEFJ.PDF


After K-Rock returned to the air in 2007, "Return of Rock" was their first concert.
* If the issue is rapid investment in new electric mass transit it is important to use emissions associated with the most polluting fuel because increased demand for electricity increases the use of the most polluting fuel used in generation for the immediate future.


==Lineups==
* Systems that re-use vehicles like trains and buses can't be directly compared to vehicles that get parked at their destination. They use energy to return (less full) for more passengers and must sometimes run on schedules and routes with little patronage. These factors greatly affect overall system efficiencies. The energy costs of accumulating load need to be included. In the case of most mass transit distributing and accumulating load over many stops means that passenger kilometres are inherently a small proportion of vehicle kilometres see Transport Energy Metrics, Lessons from the west Coast Main line Modernisation and figures for London Underground in transport statistics for Great Britain 2003. Lessons from the west coast mainline modernisation suggest that long passenger rail should operate at less than 40% capacity utilisation and for London underground the figure is probably less than 15%.
Bands listed in reverse order of night's performance (or alphabetical order if not known).

{| class="wikitable"
* Most cars run at less than full capacity, with the usual average load being between 1 and 2. Cars are also subject to inefficiencies because of congestion and the need to negotiate road junctions. The impact of transport road building to reduce congestion should always be considered as should the improving efficiency of cars see http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/media/9/5/pbr_csr07_king840.pdf,

* Vehicles are not isolated systems. They usually form a part of larger systems whos design inherently determines energy consumption. Judging the value of transport systems by comparing the performance of their vehicles alone can be misleading. For instance, [[rapid transit|metro]] systems may have a poor energy efficiency per ''passenger kilometer'', but their high throughput and low physical footprint makes the existence of high [[urban density|urban population densities]] viable. Total [[energy consumption]] per capita declines sharply as population density increases, since journeys become shorter.<ref>
{{cite book
|last= Newman
|first= Peter
|coauthors= Jeffrey R. Kenworthy
|title= Sustainability and Cities: Overcoming Automobile Dependence
|year= 1999
|publisher= Island Press
|isbn= 1559636602
}}</ref>
* See also Logistics and Transport Focus (the Journal of the Charter Institute of Transport)vol 9 number10 through volume 10 number 6 for a series of articles debating the general issues of fuel efficiency in transportation in the context of impact on climate change

[[Hybrid electric vehicle]]s are the best bet to get the most out of each tank of fuel during city driving <ref>[http://editorial.autos.msn.com/article.aspx?cp-documentid=434544 Top 10 Fuel Misers - MSN Autos<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> <ref>[http://www.fueleconomy.gov Fuel Economy<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.

== Transportation modes ==

For [[freight]] transport, [[rail transport|rail]] and [[ship transport]] are generally much more efficient than [[trucking]], and [[air freight]] is much less efficient. (See [http://technology.newscientist.com/data/images/archive/2669/26691701.jpg graph]<ref>David Strahan, [http://technology.newscientist.com/channel/tech/mg19926691.700-green-fuel-for-the-airline-industry.html "Green fuel for the airline industry"], [[New Scientist]], 13 Aug. 2008, pp. 34-7.</ref>)

{{Cleanup-laundry|date=January 2008}}

=== Walking ===
* Walking or running one kilometre requires approximately 70 [[calories|kcal]] or 330 [[kilojoule|kJ]] of [[food energy]] <ref name=brianmac>[http://www.brianmac.demon.co.uk/energyexp.htm Energy expenditure for walking and running<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. This equates to about {{MPGe|235}} in terms of [[gasoline]] energy.

=== Bicycling ===
* [[Bicycle|Cycling]] requires about 120 kJ per km<ref name=brianmac/> which equates to approximately {{MPGe|653}}.

=== Automobiles ===
{{main|Fuel economy in automobiles}}
{{seealso|Fuel economy-maximizing behaviors}}
* Data from the Metropolitan Transport Commission for the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area, states an automobile occupancy rate of about 1.3 passengers per car.<ref>[http://www.mtc.ca.gov/maps_and_data/datamart/forecast/ass98_tab8.htm MTC - Maps and Data<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* In 2006, the average occupancy for cars in the UK was 1.58.<ref name="ukdft_carocc">{{cite web |title=Transport trends: current edition |date=[[2008-01-08]] |publisher=UK [[Department for Transport]] |url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/statistics/datatablespublications/trends/current/ |accessdate=2008-03-23}}</ref>
* The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) state that the energy content of 1 U.S gallon of unleaded gasoline is 115,000 [[British thermal unit|BTU]] or 32 MJ/L and that of 1 U.S. gallon of diesel is 130,500 BTU or 36.4 MJ/L.<ref>[http://bioenergy.ornl.gov/papers/misc/energy_conv.html Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)]</ref>

* The [[Volkswagen Polo|Volkswagen Polo 1.4 TDI Bluemotion]] and the [[Seat Ibiza|Seat Ibiza 1.4 TDI Ecomotion]], both rated at {{L/100km|3.8}} (combined) are the most fuel efficient cars on sale in the UK as of [[2008-03-22]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Best on CO2 rankings |url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/ActOnCO2/index.php?q=best_on_co2_rankings |publisher=UK [[Department for Transport]] |accessdate=2008-03-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vehicle details for Polo 3 / 5 Door (from NOV 06 Wk 45>) 1.4 TDI (80PS) (without A/C) with DPF BLUEMOTION M5 |publisher=UK Vehicle Certification Agency |url=http://www.vcacarfueldata.org.uk/search/vehicleDetails.asp?id=20690 |accessdate=2008-03-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vehicle details for Ibiza ( from NOV 06 Wk 45 > ) 1.4 TDI 80PS Ecomotion M5 |publisher=UK Vehicle Certification Agency |url=http://www.vcacarfueldata.org.uk/search/vehicleDetails.asp?id=20471 |accessdate=2008-03-22}}</ref> Accounting for Diesel fuel gives us {{MPGe Diesel|{{MPGe mpgimp|74.3}}}}.

* [[Honda Insight]] was rated {{mpg|70}} highway.{{Fact|date=March 2008}}
* [[Honda Civic Hybrid]]- The second most energy efficient automobile in the U.S., it regularly averages around 45 miles per gallon.
* [[Toyota Prius]] - According to the U.S. EPA's revised estimates, the combined fuel consumption for the 2008 Prius is {{mpg|46}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/noframes/24882.shtml|title=2008 Toyota Prius|publisher=EPA|accessdate=2007-12-25}}</ref> making it the most fuel efficient U.S. car of 2008.<ref name="epa most">{{cite web
|title=2008 Most and Least Fuel Efficient Vehicles (ranked by city mpg)
|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/best/bestworstNF.shtml
|publisher=United States Environmental Protection Agency and United States Department of Energy
|accessdate=2007-12-25}}</ref> In the UK, the official fuel consumption figure (combined) for the Prius is {{L/100km|4.3}}.<ref name="ukvca_prius">{{cite web |title=Vehicle details for Prius 1.5 VVT-i Hybrid E-CVT |publisher=UK Vehicle Certification Agency |url=http://www.vcacarfueldata.org.uk/search/vehicleDetails.asp?id=10982 |accessdate=2008-03-22}}</ref>
* The [[General Motors EV1]] was rated in a test with a charging efficiency of 373 Wh-AC/mile or {{MPGe kWh|1/.373}} <!--168 Wh/mile at {{mph|60}} or, at 125,000 Btu/gal 218 mpg (1 l/100km) or 436 passenger-miles/gal (0.63 l/100km)-->.<ref>http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/avta/pdfs/fsev/eva_results/ev1_eva.pdf</ref>
*The four passenger [[Global Electric Motorcars|GEM]] [[Neighborhood electric vehicle|NER]] also uses 169 Wh/mile or {{MPGe kWh|1/.169}},<ref>[http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/avta/pdfs/nev/gem2005e4.pdf NEV America U.S. Dept. of Energy Field Operations Program - 2005 Global Electronic Motorcars e4 4-Passenger<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> which equates to {{MPGe kWh|4/.169}} for four passengers<!--867 passenger-miles/gal (0.27 l/100km)-->, albeit at only {{convert|24|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.
*Since [[hydrogen]] is no more a source of energy than electricity is, the 50-70% efficiency of producing hydrogen has to be combined with the vehicle efficiency, so for example a [[hydrogen vehicle]] which gets {{MPGe|27}} is actually getting only about {{MPGe|16}}.<ref>[http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/avta/pdfs/hicev/sae_hydrogen_presentation_2006.pdf Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Vehicle Testing Activities<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

=== Aircraft ===

* Airbus state that their [[A380]] consumes fuel at the rate of less than 3 L/100 km per passenger.<ref>{{cite web |title=The A380: The future of flying |publisher=Airbus |url=http://www.airbus.com/en/myairbus/airbusview/the_a380_the_future_of_flying.html |accessdate=2008-03-22}}</ref> CNN reports that the fuel consumption figures provided by Airbus for the A380, given as 2.9 L/100 km per passenger, are "slightly misleading", because they assume a passenger count of 555, but do not allow for any luggage or cargo.<ref>{{cite news |title=Green light for the new A380 |author=Matthew Knight |date=[[2007-10-26]] |publisher=Cable News Network |work=CNN.com |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/10/25/fsummit.climate.A380/index.html |accessdate=2008-03-23}}</ref> Typical occupancy figures are unknown at this time.

* Passenger airplanes averaged 4.8 L/100 km per passenger (1.4 MJ/passenger-km) (49 passenger-miles per gallon) in 1998.{{Fact|date=March 2008}} Note that on average 20% of seats are left unoccupied. Aircraft efficiencies are improving: Between 1960 and 2000 there has been a 70% overall fuel efficiency gain. <ref>[http://www.transportenvironment.org/docs/Publications/2005pubs/2005-12_nlr_aviation_fuel_efficiency.pdf National Aerospace Laboratory]</ref>

* NASA and Boeing are conducting tests on a 500 lb. "[[Blended wing body|blended wing]]" aircraft. This design allows for greater fuel efficiency since the whole craft produces lift, not just the wings.<ref>[http://www.ecogeek.org/content/view/871/ Ecogeek Article]</ref>

* The [[Sikorsky S-76|Sikorsky S-76C++]] twin turbine helicopter gets about 1.65 mpg at 140 kn and carries 12 for about 19.8 passenger-miles/gal.{{Fact|date=March 2008}}

=== Ships ===

* [[Cunard Line|Cunard]] state that their liner, the [[RMS Queen Elizabeth 2]], travels {{convert|49.5|ft|m|abbr=on}} per {{convert|1|impgal|l|3}} of diesel oil, and that it has a passenger capacity of 1777.<ref>{{cite web |title=Queen Elizabeth 2: Technical Information |publisher=Cunard Line |url=http://www.cunard.com/uploads/QE2_Tech.pdf |accessdate=2008-03-31}}</ref> From those figures, fuel consumption can be calculated as {{convert|0.009375|mpgimp|L/100 km}}.<!-- 49.5 ft = 49.5/5280 mi = 0.009375 mi --> Carrying 1777 passengers, that equates to {{convert|16.7|mpgimp|L/100 km}} per passenger. <!-- 0.009375 mpgimp*1770 passengers = 16.659375 mpgimp/passenger -->

=== Trains ===

* Freight: the [[Association of American Railroads|AAR]] claims an energy efficiency of over 400 short ton-miles per gallon of diesel fuel in 2004<ref>[http://www.aar.org/getFile.asp?File_id=364 Railroads: Building a Cleaner Environment], [[Association of American Railroads]]</ref> (0.588 L/100 km per tonne or 235 J/(km·kg))

* The [[East Japan Railway Company]] claims for 2004 an energy intensity of 20.6 MJ/car-km, or about 0.35 MJ/passenger-km<ref>[http://www.jreast.co.jp/e/environment/pdf_2005/report2005e_22_23.pdf Environmental Goals and Results], [[East Japan Railway Company|JR-East]] Sustainability Report 2005</ref>

* a 1997 [[European Commission|EC]] study<ref>[http://www.inrets.fr/infos/cost319/MEETDeliverable17.PDF Estimating Emissions from Railway Traffic]</ref> on page 74 claims 18.00 kWh/train-km for the [[TGV Duplex]] assuming 3 intermediate stops between [[Paris]] and [[Lyon]]. This equates to 64.80 MJ/train-km. With 80% of the 545 seats filled on average <ref>[http://themes.eea.europa.eu/Sectors_and_activities/transport/indicators/technology/TERM29,2001/Occupancy_rates_TERM_2001.pdf European Environment Agency Occupancy Rates, page 3]</ref> this is 0.15 MJ/passenger-km.

* Actual train consumption depends on gradients, maximum speeds and stopping patterns. Data was produced for the European MEET project (Methodologies for Estimating Air Pollutant Emissions) and illustrates the different consumption patterns over several track sections. The results show the consumption for a German ICE High speed train varied between around 19 kWh/km to 33 kWh/km. The data also reflects the weight of the train per passenger. For example, the [[TGV]] double-deck ‘Duplex’ trains use lightweight materials in order to keep axle loads down and reduce damage to track, this saves considerable energy. <ref>[http://www.cfit.gov.uk/docs/2001/racomp/racomp/a1.htm Commission for integrated transport, Short haul air v High speed rail]</ref>

* A [[Siemens AG|Siemens]] study of [[Combino]] light rail vehicles in service in [[Basel, Switzerland]] over 56 days showed net consumption of 1.53 kWh/vehicle-km, or 5.51 MJ/vehicle-km. Average passenger load was estimated to be 65 people, resulting in average energy efficiency of 0.085 MJ/passenger-km. The Combino in this configuration can carry as many as 180 with standees. 41.6% of the total energy consumed was recovered through regenerative braking.<ref>[http://www.siemens.com/Daten/siecom/HQ/TS/Internet/Transportation_Systems/WORKAREA/reinhold/templatedata/English/file/binary/20661combino_tests_20661.pdf Combino - Low Floor Light Rail Vehicles Tests, Trials and Tangible Results]</ref>

* A trial of a [[Colorado Railcar]] double-deck [[Diesel multiple unit|DMU]] hauling two [[Bombardier BiLevel Coach|''Bombardier Bi-level coaches'']] found fuel consumption to be 128 US gallons for 144 miles, or 1.125 mpg. The DMU has 92 seats, the coaches typically have 162 seats, for a total of 416 seats. With all seats filled the efficiency would be 468 passenger-mpg, with 70%{{Fact|date=March 2008}} <!-- guess? --> filled the efficiency would be 328 passenger-mpg.<ref>[http://www.coloradorailcar.com/trirailtest.htm Colorado Railcar: "DMU Performs Flawlessly on Tri-Rail Service Test"]</ref>

* Note that intercity rail in the U.S. reports 3.17 MJ/passenger-km which is several times higher than reported from Japan. Independent transportation researcher David Lawyer attributes this difference to the fact that the losses in electricity generation may not have been taken into account for Japan<ref>[http://www.lafn.org/~dave/trans/energy/fuel-eff-20th-3.html#japan_ Fuel Efficiency of Travel in the 20th Century, Appendix]</ref> and that Japanese trains have a larger number of passengers per car. <ref>[http://www.lafn.org/~dave/trans/energy/fuel-eff-20th-2.html#_japan Fuel Efficiency of Travel in the 20th Century]</ref>

* Modern electric trains like the [[shinkansen]] use [[regenerative braking]] to return current into the [[overhead lines|catenary]] while they brake. This method results in significant energy savings, where-as [[diesel locomotive]]s (in use on unelectrified railway networks) typically dispose of the energy generated by dynamic braking as heat into the ambient air.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}

* This Swiss Railroad company [[SBB-CFF-FFS]] cites 0.082 kWh per passenger-km for traction.<ref name="SBB0203">[http://mct.sbb.ch/mct/en/umweltbericht_02-03.pdf SBB Environmental Report 2002/2003]</ref>

* AEA carried out a detailed study of road and rail for the United Kingdom Department for Transport. [http://www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_railways/documents/page/dft_railways_611287.pdf Final report]

* Amtrak reports 2005 energy use of 2,935 BTU per passenger-mile<ref>[http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/am2Copy/Title_Image_Copy_Page&cid=1093554056875&c=am2Copy&ssid=565 Amtrak - Inside Amtrak - News & Media - Energy Efficient Travel<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>, or 39 passenger-miles per gallon

* The Passenger Rail (Urban and Intercity) and Scheduled Intercity and All Charter Bus Industries Technological and Operational Improvements - FINAL REPORT states that "Commuter operations can dissipate more than half of their total traction energy in braking for stops." and that "We estimate [[Hotel Electric Power|hotel power]] to be 35 percent (but it could possibly be as high as 45 percent) of total energy consumed by commuter railways." <ref>[http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/environment/climatechange/subgroups1/Main_Table/study1/Final_Report/Final_Report.htm#_Toc474834390 Bus and Rail Final Report<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Having to accelerate and decelerate a heavy train load of people at every stop is inefficient despite [[regenerative braking]] which can recover typically around 20% of the energy wasted in braking.

=== Buses ===

*In July 2005, the average occupancy for buses in the UK was stated to be 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Passenger Transport (Fuel Consumption) |date=[[2005-07-20]] |publisher=UK House of Commons |work=Hansard |url=http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmhansrd/vo050720/text/50720w26.htm#50720w26.html_sbhd1 |accessdate=2008-03-25}}</ref>

*The fleet of 244 1982 [[New Flyer]] 40 foot [[trolley bus]]es in local service with [[BC Transit]] in [[Vancouver|Vancouver, BC, Canada]] in 1994/95 consumed 35454170 kWh for 12966285 vehicle-km, or 9.84 MJ/vehicle-km. Exact ridership on trolleybuses is not known, but with all 34 seats filled this would equate to 0.32 MJ/passenger-km. It is quite common to see standees on Vancouver trolleybuses. Note that this is a local transit service with many stops per km; part of the reason for the efficiency is the use of regenerative braking.

*A diesel bus commuter service in [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara, CA, USA]] found average diesel bus efficiency of 6.0 mpg (using [[Motor Coach Industries|MCI]] 102DL3 buses). With all 55 seats filled this equates to 330 passenger-mpg, with 70% filled the efficiency would be 231 passenger-mpg.<ref>[http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy00osti/26758.pdf Demonstration of Caterpillar C-10 Duel-Fuel Engines in MCI 102DL3 Commuter Buses]</ref>

=== Rockets ===
* The [[NASA]] [[space shuttle]] over 8.5 minutes consumes 1,000,000&nbsp;kg of solid propellant (containing 16% aluminum fuel) and 2,000,000&nbsp;litres of liquid propellant (106,261&nbsp;kg of [[liquid hydrogen]] fuel) to take the 100,000&nbsp;kg vehicle (including the 25,000&nbsp;kg payload) to an altitude of 111&nbsp;km and an orbital [[velocity]] of 30,000&nbsp;km/h. With an energy density of 31MJ per kg for aluminum and 143&nbsp;MJ/kg for liquid hydrogen, this means that the vehicle starts with 5&nbsp;TJ of solid propellant and 15&nbsp;TJ of hydrogen fuel.

* In orbit, at 200&nbsp;km the vehicle moves at about 7.8&nbsp;km/s and hence has a kinetic energy of about 3&nbsp;TJ and a potential energy of roughly 200&nbsp;GJ. Given the initial energy of 20&nbsp;TJ, the Space Shuttle is about 16% energy efficient at launching the orbiter and payload, about 4% if just the payload is considered.

* In terms of distance, the space shuttle [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']] flew approximately 8 million kilometres on the [[STS-115]] mission, so used 0.125&nbsp;kg of solid propellant and 0.25 litres of liquid propellant per kilometre (4.2l/100km per astronaut).

* Again for the Shuttle, in relation to the theoretical largest ground distance (antipodal) flight of 20,000&nbsp;km, usage is 50&nbsp;kg of solid propellant and 100 litres of liquid propellant per kilometre.

Objects in sufficiently high orbits have almost negligible air drag, and some satellites are still orbiting decades after launch. In general, rocket and space propulsion efficiency is rarely measured in terms of distance, but in terms of [[specific impulse]] which gives how much change in momentum (i.e. [[impulse]]) can be obtained from a unit of propellant.

== International transport comparisons ==
=== UK Public transport ===

Rail and bus are generally required to serve 'off peak' and rural services, which by their nature have lower loads than city bus routes and inter city train lines. Moreover, due to their 'walk on' ticketing it is much harder to match daily demand and passenger numbers. As a consequence, the overall load factor on UK railways is 33% or 90 people per train <ref>[http://www.atoc-comms.org/dynamic/publication.php?publication=6] ATOC </ref>:

Conversely, Air services work on point-to-point networks between large population centres and are 'pre-book' in nature. Using [[Yield management]] overall loads can be raised to around 70-90%. However, recently intercity train operators have been using similar techniques, with loads reaching typically 71% overall for [[TGV]] services in France and a similar figure for the UK's [[Virgin trains]] services. <ref>[http://www.dft.gov.uk/about/strategy/whitepapers/whitepapercm7176/ Delivering a sustainable railway White paper, p43]</ref>

For emissions, the electricity generating source needs to be taken into account. Up to date figures for the UK can be found here:

http://www.atoc-comms.org/admin/userfiles/Energy%20&%20Emissions%20Statement%20-%20web%20version.pdf

=== US Passenger transportation ===
The US Transportation Energy Data Book states the following figures for
Passenger transportation in 2006:
<ref name=ornl26-02>
{{cite web
| title = Transportation Energy Data Book
| publisher = U.S. Department of Energy
| date = June 2008
| url = http://cta.ornl.gov/data/download27.shtml
| accessdate = 2008-07-16}}
</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Transport mode
! Average passengers<br>per vehicle
! colspan=2 | Efficiency<br>per passenger
|-
|-
! width=50px |Date
| Vanpool
! colspan=12| Event
| align="center"|6.1
! colspan=12| Lineup
| 1,322 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/1322|lk=on}}
|-
|-
| July 1, 1997
| Motorcycles
! colspan=12|Dysfunctional Family Picnic
| align="center"| 1.2
|[[Bush (band)|Bush]], [[Foo Fighters]], [[Echo and the Bunnymen]], [[Blur]], [[Soul Coughing]], [[Luscious Jackson]].
| 1,855 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/1855}}
|-
|-
| May 30, 1998
| Rail (Commuter)
! colspan=12|Revenge of Dysfunctional Family Picnic
| align="center"| 31.3
|[[Third Eye Blind]], [[Scott Weiland]] of [[Stone Temple Pilots]], [[Green Day]], [[the Offspring]], [[Ben Folds Five]], [[Soul Asylum]], [[Fuel]], [[King Norris]], [[Stuttering John]].
| 2,996 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/2996}}
|-
|-
| June 11, 1999
| Rail (Transit Light & Heavy)
! colspan=12|DFP 3.0
| align="center"| 22.5
|[[Rage Against the Machine]], [[Limp Bizkit]], [[Rob Zombie]], [[Lo-Fidelity Allstars]], [[Blink 182]], [[Kid Rock]], [[King Norris]], [[Stuttering John]], [[Stone Temple Pilots]] (cancelled), [[Hole]] (cancelled).
| 2,784 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/2784}}
|-
|-
| June 23, 2000
| Rail (Intercity [[Amtrak]])
! colspan=12|DFP 4.0
| align="center"| 20.5
|[[Ozzy Osbourne]] (w/ [[Black Sabbath]]),[[Stone Temple Pilots]], [[Limp Bizkit]], [[Creed]], [[Godsmack]],[[Deftones]], [[Sevendust]]
| 2,650 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/2650}}
|-
|-
| June 22, 2001
| Cars
! colspan=12| DFP 5.0
| align="center"| 1.57
|[[Stone Temple Pilots]], [[Janes Addiction]],[[Staind]], [[Blink 182]], [[Linkin Park]], [[Papa Roach]], [[Disturbed]], [[3 Doors Down]], [[Crazy Town]].
| 3,512 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/3512}}
|-
|-
| June, 2002
| Air
! colspan=12|DFP 6.0
| align="center"| 96.2
|[[System of a Down]], [[Korn]], [[Papa Roach]], [[Incubus]], [[P.O.D.]], [[Jimmy Eat World]], [[Hoobastank]], [[The Strokes]], [[New Found Glory]], [[Home Town Hero]], [[3rd Strike]].
| 3,261 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/3261}}
|-
|-
| July 8, 2003
| Buses (Transit)
! colspan=12| DFP 7-Tarium
| align="center"| 8.8
|[[Metallica]], [[Limp Bizkit]], [[Linkin Park]], [[Deftones]], [[Mudvayne]].
| 4,235 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/4235}}
|-
|-
| June 19, 2004
| Personal Trucks
! colspan=12| DFP 8.0
| align="center"| 1.72
|Main Stage: [[The Strokes]], [[Jay Z]] performing “99 Problems”, [[Beastie Boys]], [[The Darkness]], [[Cypress Hill]], [[Brand New]], [[Yeah Yeah Yeahs]].
| 3,944 BTU/mi
| {{MPGe BTU|1/3944}}
|}


Festival Stage: [[New Found Glory]], [[Story Of The Year]], [[Taking Back Sunday]], [[Midtown]], Vertigo Blue.
=== US Freight transportation ===
The US Transportation Energy book states the following figures for Freight transportation in 2004: <ref name=ornl26-02/> <ref>
[http://yosemite.epa.gov/gw/StatePolicyActions.nsf/uniqueKeyLookup/MSTY5Q4MSV?OpenDocument
US Environmental protection, 2006]</ref> <ref>
[http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/efficiency/ee_ch5.htm EIA]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!rowspan=2| Transportation mode
!colspan=2| Fuel consumption
|-
|-
| May 31, 2008
!BTU per short ton mile
! colspan=12|Return of Rock
!kJ per tonne kilometre
| [[Stone Temple Pilots]], [[Filter]], [[Ashes Divide]]
<!--
1 mi = 1609.344 m
1 ST = 907.18474 kg
1 BTU = 1055.05585262 J
-->
|-
| Class 1 Railroads
|align=right| 341
|align=right| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(341*1.05505585262)/(1.609344*0.90718474)round0}}}}
|-
| Domestic Waterbourne
|align=right| 510
|align=right| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(510*1.05505585262)/(1.609344*0.90718474)round-1}}}}
|-
| Heavy Trucks
|align=right| 3,357
|align=right| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(3357*1.05505585262)/(1.609344*0.90718474)round0}}}}
|-
| Air freight (aprox)
|align=right| 9,600
|align=right| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(9600*1.05505585262)/(1.609344*0.90718474)round-2}}}}
|}
|}


{{Refimprove|date=August 2008}}
==Footnotes==
{{Reflist}}

== See also ==
*[[ACEA agreement]]
*[[Alternative propulsion]]
*[[Corporate Average Fuel Economy]] (CAFE)
*[[Carbon dioxide equivalent]] and [[emission standard]]
*[[Fuel economy in automobiles]]
*[[Fuel efficiency]]
*[[Gasoline gallon equivalent]]
*[[Gas-guzzler]]
*[[Low-energy vehicle]]
*[[Transport efficiency]]
*[[Vehicle efficiency]]


[[Category:Music festivals in the United States]]
==External links==
[[Category:Festivals in New York]]
* ECCM Study for rail, road and air journeys between main UK cities [http://www.businesstravelshow.com/ExhibitorLibrary/127/VirginTrainsEmissionsComparison.pdf]
[[Category:Recurring events established in 1997]]
*[http://www.cheap-parking.net/flight-carbon-emissions.php Flight Emission Calculator]
*[http://www.engineering.lancs.ac.uk/research/download/Transport%20Energy%20Consumption%20Discussion%20Paper.pdf Transport Energy Consumption Discussion Paper 2004 - Prof. Roger Kemp]
*[http://www.rssb.co.uk/pdf/reports/research/T618_traction-summary-rpt_final.pdf Traction Summary Report 2007- Prof. Roger Kemp]
*[http://cta.ornl.gov/data/Index.shtml Transportation Energy Data Book] (U.S.)


{{music-festival-stub}}
[[Category:Energy conservation]]
[[Category:Fuels]]
[[Category:Energy in transport]]
[[Category:Energy use comparisons]]

Revision as of 06:18, 13 October 2008

K-Rock Dysfunctional Family Picnic
GenreRock, Metal, Punk, Hip-Hop, Post-Hardcore, Rap, Reggae, Ska
DatesSummer
Location(s)New York, New York
Years active1997 – 2004, 2008
Founded byK-Rock
Website92.3 Krock

Dysfunctional Family Picnic was a multi-artist alternative rock concert, presented annually by the New York, New York, USA radio station K-Rock, beginning in 1997. It's West Coast "sister" concert, is the KROQ Weenie Roast.

History

There have been various venues that hosted the Dysfunctional Family Picnic including PNC Bank Arts Center in Holmdel, New Jersey, Giants Stadium, in East Rutherford, New Jersey and Jones Beach Amphitheatre in Wantagh, New York.

In 2003 the Dysfunctional Family Pinic was called "DFP 7-Tarium". Instead of booking an original show, it was just another stop on Metallica's Summer Sanitarium tour.

After K-Rock returned to the air in 2007, "Return of Rock" was their first concert.

Lineups

Bands listed in reverse order of night's performance (or alphabetical order if not known).

Date Event Lineup
July 1, 1997 Dysfunctional Family Picnic Bush, Foo Fighters, Echo and the Bunnymen, Blur, Soul Coughing, Luscious Jackson.
May 30, 1998 Revenge of Dysfunctional Family Picnic Third Eye Blind, Scott Weiland of Stone Temple Pilots, Green Day, the Offspring, Ben Folds Five, Soul Asylum, Fuel, King Norris, Stuttering John.
June 11, 1999 DFP 3.0 Rage Against the Machine, Limp Bizkit, Rob Zombie, Lo-Fidelity Allstars, Blink 182, Kid Rock, King Norris, Stuttering John, Stone Temple Pilots (cancelled), Hole (cancelled).
June 23, 2000 DFP 4.0 Ozzy Osbourne (w/ Black Sabbath),Stone Temple Pilots, Limp Bizkit, Creed, Godsmack,Deftones, Sevendust
June 22, 2001 DFP 5.0 Stone Temple Pilots, Janes Addiction,Staind, Blink 182, Linkin Park, Papa Roach, Disturbed, 3 Doors Down, Crazy Town.
June, 2002 DFP 6.0 System of a Down, Korn, Papa Roach, Incubus, P.O.D., Jimmy Eat World, Hoobastank, The Strokes, New Found Glory, Home Town Hero, 3rd Strike.
July 8, 2003 DFP 7-Tarium Metallica, Limp Bizkit, Linkin Park, Deftones, Mudvayne.
June 19, 2004 DFP 8.0 Main Stage: The Strokes, Jay Z performing “99 Problems”, Beastie Boys, The Darkness, Cypress Hill, Brand New, Yeah Yeah Yeahs.

Festival Stage: New Found Glory, Story Of The Year, Taking Back Sunday, Midtown, Vertigo Blue.

May 31, 2008 Return of Rock Stone Temple Pilots, Filter, Ashes Divide
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