Opel Calibra: Difference between revisions
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|related=[[Opel Vectra]]<br>[[Saab 900 (NG)|Saab 900]]<br>[[Saab 9-5]] |
|related=[[Opel Vectra]]<br>[[Saab 900 (NG)|Saab 900]]<br>[[Saab 9-5]] |
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|body_style=2-door [[coupé]] |
|body_style=2-door [[coupé]] |
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|engine=2.0 L [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.5 L [[V6]] |
|engine=2.0 L [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.0 L [[turbocharger|turbo]] [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.5 L [[V6]] |
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|transmission=5-speed manual <br>6-speed [[Getrag]] manual<br>4-speed [[ZF]] automatic |
|transmission=5-speed manual <br>6-speed [[Getrag]] manual<br>4-speed [[ZF_Friedrichshafen_AG|ZF]] automatic |
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[[Image:Opel Calibra Monza.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Opel Calibra on [[Monza]]]] |
[[Image:Opel Calibra Monza.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Opel Calibra on [[Monza]]]] |
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Revision as of 21:53, 21 December 2006
| Opel Calibra | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | General Motors |
| Also called | Holden Calibra Vauxhall Calibra Chevrolet Calibra |
| Production | 1989-1997 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Sports car |
| Body style | 2-door coupé |
| Platform | FF/AWD GM2900 |
| Related | Opel Vectra Saab 900 Saab 9-5 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 2.0 L I4 2.0 L turbo I4 2.5 L V6 |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual 6-speed Getrag manual 4-speed ZF automatic |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Opel Manta |
The Opel Calibra (badged as a Vauxhall in the UK, Holden in Australia and New Zealand and Chevrolet in South America) was launched in 1989, a front-wheel drive coupé based around the running gear of the Opel Vectra A, (Cavalier under the Vauxhall name), but with a different rear suspention, which had been launched the year before.
The Calibra, styled by the American head of GM design Europe, Wayne Cherry (retired), is considered by some the most stylish Vauxhall/Opel ever, but being based on the Vectra chassis its ride and handling were not significantly better than that of the family car from which it grew. It was, however, the most aerodynamically efficient Opel ever[citation needed], with a drag coefficient (Cd) of 0.26 [1]. It remained the most aerodynamic mass production car for the next 10 years, until the Honda Insight was launched in 1999 with a Cd of 0.25.[citation needed]
Calibra production was based in two Opel factories, Rüsselsheim in Germany and Uusikaupunki in Finland. Determining which plant any specific Calibra was produced at is possible by checking the VIN. On the Calibra the VIN is as follows [2]:
WOL 0000 85 [K to V] [1 or 9] XXXXXX
If '1' it was made at Rüesselsheim
If '9' it was made at Uusikaupunki
Power was initially from 2.0 L 8-valve (85kw/115 bhp C20NE) and 16-valve fuel-injected (110kw/150 bhp C20XE) four-cylinder engines. In 1992 a turbocharged 2.0 L engine (150kw/204 bhp)(a C20LET, the turbocharged version of the C20XE) was added to the range. With four-wheel drive, a six-speed Getrag manual transmission (F28/6) and a claimed top speed of 240 km/h (150 mph), this flagship model finally gave the Calibra the dynamics to match its looks.
In 1994 a 125kw/167 hp 2.5 L V6 (C25XE) was introduced, thus creating what many considered to be the finest Calibra to date. Available with both manual and automatic transmissions, the V6 wasn't as fast as the Turbo, but was rather more civilised, and proved to be more reliable than the complex four-wheel drive model with its notorious transfer box issues. 1995 saw the introduction of the X20XEV Ecotec engine, more reliable derivative of the classic C20XE 16-valve or "red top" engine. This marked a reduction in power from 150 bhp to 136 bhp for the 16-valve version, although the Turbo continued with the C20LET.
During its lifetime, the Calibra was much more popular than its nearest rival, the Ford Probe, which was considered to be underpowered and too American for most European drivers.
In 1995, the Vectra A was replaced, but Calibra production proceded until it was discontinued at the end of 1997. Although a smaller coupe (the Tigra) was available, the marque was left without a mid-sized coupé until the Astra Coupé was launched in 2000.
As of 2006, the world's fastest accelerating street-legal car has been determined to be a 1993 Vauxhall Calibra, owned by Steve Pateman, boasting a 1.25 second 0 to 60 mile per hour time, and an 8.14 second quarter-mile time. However, the car has been heavily modified, including a big-block Chevrolet V8 and a steel tube chassis.[3]
Engines
The Calibra had several engines.
- 2.0 L 8-valve SOHC I4 - 115 PS (85 kW) (all years) (C20NE)
- 2.0 L 16-valve DOHC I4 - 156 PS (110 kW) (1990-1995) (C20XE)
- 2.0 L 16-valve DOHC 'Ecotec' I4 - 136 PS (100 kW) (1995-1997) (X20XEV)
- 2.0 L 16-valve DOHC turbocharged I4 - 204 PS (150 kW) (1992-1997) (C20LET)
- 2.5 L 24-valve DOHC 'Ecotec' V6 - 170 PS (125 kW) (1994-1997) (C25XE) '94-'96; (X25XE) '97
Transmissions
In addition to a 4 speed automatic transmissions that was available on all models except the C20LET (although some countries such as Australia did not sell the C20XE with the 4 speed auto), there were 3 manual gearboxes for the calibra.
F20 - Fitted to 2.0L NA (ie C20XE, X20XEV, C20NE)
F25 - Fitted to 2.5L NA (ie C25XE, X25XE)
F28/6 - Fitted to 2.0L Turbo (ie C20LET)
Racing
The Opel Calibra has featured in many racing series/events around the world, the highest level however would most probably be the DTM (or Deutsche_Tourenwagen_Meisterschaft) championship. The Calibra was fitted with an all wheel drive Naturally Aspirated V6 engine.
Manuel Reuter won the 1996 DTM championship in the Joest Racing Calibra. Klaus Ludwig finished 3rd in the 1994 DTM season in the Team Rosberg Calibra.
Calibras in Popular culture
- In the 1999 Playstation video game Gran Turismo 2, the Team Opel DTM Calibra can be driven.
- In the 2001 Playstation 2 video game Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec, the Team Opel DTM Calibra is available once again.
- In the 2003 film Veronica Guerin, a red calibra is driven by Cate Blanchett throughout the film.
- In the 2004 film Banlieue 13/District 13 (film), a green heavily modified calibra is featured.
- In the 2005 film 7 Seconds, a calibra is seized by Wesley Snipes and driven throughout the movie.
- In the 2005 film 'Ma quando arrivano le ragazze', a black calibra is briefly featured parked up in the background by the beach.
References