Old parish church Mahlsdorf
| Old parish church Mahlsdorf Village church Mahlsdorf |
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|---|---|
_gesamt.jpg) View from the southeast |
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| Construction year: | before 1250 |
| Client: | Mahlsdorf parish |
| Floor space: | 25 × 11 m |
| Tower height: |
16.30 m |
| Location: | 52 ° 30 '21.94 " N , 13 ° 36' 44.88" O |
| Address: |
Hönower Strasse 15 Berlin-Mahlsdorf Berlin , Germany |
| Purpose: | evangelical; church service |
| Local community: | Evangelical parish of Mahlsdorf |
| Website: | www.kirche-mahlsdorf.de |
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The old parish church Mahlsdorf (also Mahlsdorf village church ) is a 13th century choir square church with a tower in the district of Berlin-Mahlsdorf ( Marzahn-Hellersdorf district ) and the oldest surviving building in the village. The church suffered considerable damage in both the Thirty Years' War and World War II , which were repeatedly removed. After extensive renovation work at the end of the 1990s, it is largely in its original condition and is a listed building .
history
The church, which was built from relatively carefully hewn stone blocks , was dated to the second half of the 13th century. Like all other villages in the Berlin area around Barnim, the village was built around 1230. It was first mentioned in documents in 1345. The nave-wide , rectangular tower was initially only built up to the eaves height of the nave. Only at the end of the 15th century was it continued with a square floor plan above the eaves height. The field stones are less carefully squared, but are still in layers. The corner blocks of the tower are made of Rüdersdorfer limestone . An old armor wood was found in this area, which could be dendrodated to 1542 . Finally, the tower was completed in 1593/1594 with its current height of 16.30 meters, with a longitudinal gable roof . The part above the sound windows is plastered. Three bronze bells were hung in the tower , of which only the Mary's bell has survived . The year of manufacture 1488 is noted on its cast body.
The original entrance to the church was on the south side and was walled up with field stones during later renovations. The tower-side entrance, which is now also the main portal, is also traced back to the first building. Inside, renovations were carried out in 1897/1898 and 1925. The tower hall received its current form in 1957.
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The sacristy on the northeast side of the choir was built in the 13th century. At the beginning (in the time before the Reformation ) it contained a wall chamber for the storage of the hosts (historically also called threshing chamber or trese chamber), which is still preserved. The sacristy initially had a monopitch roof , which was replaced by a gable roof when the tower was erected.
A U-shaped gallery was built into the west side of the nave in 1698 .
The church got an extension on the southeast side as a morgue , which was demolished at the beginning of the 19th century and replaced by a larger death chamber by around 1850.
In the 20th century, the small and the large bronze bell had to be delivered for the manufacture of weapons of war, first in World War I as a metal donation of the German people and after installation of 1,924 new cast bronze bells again in 1942. Finally, the congregation received DDR Y times in 1954 now two cast steel bells .
From April to July of 1925, the church was completely renovated , including replacing the previous stove heating with a hot air system. For structural reasons , because the ceiling was in danger of collapsing, the substructure of the tower had to be stabilized in 1957 and thus structurally reinforced.
In the years 1996 to 1999 the old parish church including some pieces of equipment was extensively renovated and restored . One third of the funding came from the monument fund of the city of Berlin, one third from government funding programs and one third from the parish.
Church building
The architectural style of the church is assigned to the early Gothic . A recessed rectangular chancel adjoins the nave hall in the east . The choir is separated from the nave by a pointed triumphal arch . To the west of the nave is an originally planned transverse rectangular tower the width of a ship, which continues above the eaves height of the nave as a narrower, square fieldstone tower . Instead of a cross on the top of the tower there is a weathercock (with moon and stars) and above it the tower ball . A tower clock with a mechanical-electrical drive is installed in the tower. The current main portal in the tower and all windows are designed as a pointed arch .
Bells
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bell (small bell)
(middle bell)
The three tonally coordinated bells, hung next to each other in the belfry , contain the following inscriptions on shoulders and flanks: the Marienglocke (middle) “MATER † DEI MISERERE † MEI † M † CCCC † LXXXVIII”, the small bell “WITHOUT GOD'S BLESSED HAND IS LOST CITY AND LAND ”and“ 1954 ”, the great one is adorned by Psalm 125: 2:“ THE LORD IS FOR HIS PEOPLE FROM NOW TO FOREVER ”and“ 1954 ”. Only the Marienglocke dates from the time the church was built and is made of bronze . The bell has been powered electrically for several decades.
Interior
altar
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The choir receives daylight through a wider window on the north and south side and a group of three narrow church windows on the east wall. The first narrow windows were replaced in 1699 by wider arched windows that let more daylight into the nave to enable reading of the hymn books, which are now in use. At the end of the 19th century, the three wide east windows were bricked up again and the new narrow altar windows were decorated with stained glass . At the end of the Second World War , these paintings were destroyed, so that in 1948 the chancel received today's arched windows decorated with Bible scenes (north and south sides) and pastel-colored leaf tendrils (east wall) . The design was carried out by the Mahlsdorf artist Katharina Peschel.
In 1710 the parish bought a baroque altarpiece with a stone base. The cafeteria picture shows Christ and three disciples in the Garden of Gethsemane on the Mount of Olives . On the altar table, in a frame lavishly decorated with columns of vine leaves, there is a canvas picture, over which a lunette gable arches. This is crowned with a gilded halo as a symbol for the eye of God , two decorative vases are arranged next to it. The bezel image is marked with “C. Maes 1711 “and shows the resurrection of Christ , soldiers retreating to his side.
The altarpiece shows the crucifixion group with Christ , Mary and the apostle John , the artist is not known. The church that can be seen in the background is interpreted by some experts as St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, others consider it an idealized church building from Jerusalem . At the end of the 19th century, the current altarpiece was exchanged for the painting by Paul Händler " ecce homo ", which was completed in 1899 . The original painting was found in the church attic in 1949 and reinstalled. The picture of traders, on the other hand, was hung in the death chamber. After the restoration, it was attached to the south wall of the choir room around 2010.
pulpit
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In 1620 the wooden pulpit donated by Hans von Kötteritz was installed . A few steps lead up to the pulpit , the four visible fields of which show the four evangelists . The coal heating used in the church until the 1920s had destroyed the image of the prophet Moses that was originally on the wall side of the pulpit. A corresponding explanation board has been inserted in the now empty (fifth) field. The sound cover of the pulpit is adorned with a gilded allegorical pelican . The location of the pulpit was adapted to the changes in the interior of the church; the current location to the left of the altar was determined in 1897. In 2000 the entire pulpit was cleaned for restorations.
Baptismal font, nave window and epitaph
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The octagonal baptismal font made of artificial stone with a metal baptismal bowl came to the village church of Mahlsdorf in the second half of the 19th century, its origin is unknown. It is decorated with ornamental reliefs and stands at the side in front of the pulpit. - The windows in the main nave were widened with round arches in the 19th century. The lower fields were also redesigned in 1952 by Katharina Peschel in a restrained color scheme.
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On the southern choir wall of the nave above the patronage bank, reliefs with three coats of arms of the Distelmeyer family are depicted on an epitaph from the beginning of the 17th century. Lampert Distelmeyer was Chancellor of the Mark and patronage of Mahlsdorf under Elector Joachim II .
Organ, stalls and more
The church documents show the purchase and installation of a first organ in 1846 , which most likely came from the village church in Biesdorf . The organ builder is not named. In 1933 the parish received a newly built organ in the workshop of Alexander Schuke in Potsdam , which was installed on the west gallery. This instrument was finally completely replaced in 1983 by a new one, also by the organ builder Schuke.
The organ has 15 registers , divided into two manuals and pedal , and has the following disposition :
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
The bells can also be rung from the organ .
The labia of the prospect pipes are lavishly decorated with floral ornaments. This work comes from the Mahlsdorf porcelain painter and artist Maria Hartwig.
Presumably none of the original church pews have survived, they were gradually renewed during the respective renovation work, new products from the years 1843 and 1897 have been handed down. Today's light blue painting of the pews and the gallery took place in 1999.
In November 2005, next to two nameplates for people from Mahlsdorf who perished in the two world wars, a plaque with the following honor was placed on the gallery: “We commemorate all victims of violence and war, children and women of all peoples”.
There is also a single organ pipe in the tower vestibule that asks for donations to support the church music.
In the vicinity of the church building
- Parish and parish hall, Hönower Straße 17–19; inaugurated in 1912, the community hall was added in 1962.
- Churchyard with enclosure; here is u. a. the grave of the Schrobsdorff family, who did a lot for the expansion of Mahlsdorf in the 19th and 20th centuries.
- Memorial stone of the Mahlsdorf Warrior Association with a relief of a lion and the inscription “To those who fell in the World War. The Mahlsdorf Warrior Association ”on the front and“ Undefeated and unforgotten ”on the back.
- Mahlsdorfer Linde , a gnarled and supported winter linden (Tilia cordata) from the 17th century ( natural monument )
Church life
The Protestant community in Mahlsdorf has around 2900 members (as of 2011) and has three preaching sites: the old parish church in Mahlsdorf-Mitte, the Kreuzkirche in Mahlsdorf-Nord (Albrecht-Dürer-Straße 135; inaugurated in 1936) and the Theodor-Fliedner-Heim in Mahlsdorf-Süd (Schrobsdorffstraße 35/36; inaugurated in 1937).
There are various choirs and instrumental groups in the community, including a trombone choir (founded in 1971, today with 25 wind players). There is also a monthly series of evening music and occasional organ concerts.
The Protestant parish Mahlsdorf maintains loose relationships with partner parishes in Frömern (Westphalia) and Berchum (Ruhr area). Partner communities in the Russian Kaliningrad region are Bolschaja Poljana , Bolschakowo and Turgenewo .
literature
- Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin-II . Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 263 ff .
- Old Berlin village churches. Heinrich Wohler's drawings , ed. v. Renate and Ernst Oskar Petras, Berlin 1988.
- Markus Cante: Churches until 1618 , in: Berlin and its buildings, Part VI: Sacred buildings. Ed .: Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin , Berlin 1997, p. 336.
- Matthias Friske : The medieval churches on the Barnim. History - architecture - equipment , Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2001 (churches in rural areas, vol. 1), ISBN 3-931836-67-3 ; Page 233 ff
- Volkmar Draeger: How's the old house doing? On a treasure hunt to Berlin monuments. Verlag Neues Deutschland, Berlin, 2006; Pages 26–29: “Artistic styles of the Mahlsdorf village church. The church on Hönower Strasse offered protection from war and attack. "
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monument ensemble at Hönower Straße 13-19, Mahlsdorf village church with cemetery and rectory
- ^ Markus Cante: Churches until 1618, in: Berlin and its buildings, Part VI: Sacral buildings. Ed .: Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin, Berlin 1997, p. 336.
- ↑ a b c d e From the chronicle of the old parish church, Hönower Straße 15: Flyer from March 2012 on the basis of a documentation created in the 1930s by the local chronicler Paul Grossmann
- ↑ Drese = chamber in the Ecumenical Lexicon (online) , accessed on March 28, 2012. The word comes from the Greek thesauros = treasury.
- ↑ Information board on the back of the pulpit: “This field originally contained, as indicated below, a picture of Moses, which was destroyed by the heat of the oven. It was exchanged with the picture of Matthew when the church was completely renovated in 1925 (April 15 - July 8) . "
- ↑ a b c d Conversation with the chairwoman of the parish council on March 22, 2012
- ↑ How's old house doing? Pp. 28/29
- ↑ a b From the flyer for the Mahlsdorf village church
- ↑ a b Organ with a new, full sound. In: Berliner Woche , Hellersdorf edition, Kaulsdorf, Mahlsdorf, April 18, 2018, p. 3
- ↑ Die Linde on the website of the Marzahn-Hellersdorf district office
- ↑ a b Congregational letter “Three Churches in Mahlsdorf” from January / February 2011; (PDF; 1.9 MB) ( Memento from February 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Community letter "Three Churches in Mahlsdorf" from September / October 2011; (PDF; 2.7 MB) ( Memento from December 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Contact Group Kaliningrad Region. on www.kirche-mahlsdorf.de