Berens von Rautenfeld (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Berens von Rautenfeld
Coat of arms of the noble family Berens von Rautenfeld

Berens of Rautenfeld is the last one, probably from Prussia coming, Baltic German noble family . She settled in Riga at the beginning of the 18th century and was ennobled in 1752 and accepted into the Estonian knighthood in 1797, with the receipt of the Estonian indigenous peoples . Several family members later moved to Germany and now live under the name "von Rautenberg". In the following only the male descendants are mentioned.

history

The first named of this family , and thus the progenitor of the Berens von Rautenfeld, in Livonia is said to be the merchant and commercial advisor Heinrich Berens von Rautenfeld (* 1699 in Königsberg / Prussia ; † 1778 in Riga ). He obviously came from Königsberg in Prussia and acquired citizenship in Riga in 1735 . It is not clear whether Heinrich and his ancestors actually came from Königsberg, nor have his ancestors been clearly identified. His father was probably the master brewer Johann Berens (also Berends or Behrentz), other sources cite a Prussian captain named Carl Berens von Rautenfeld. The nobility diploma issued to Heinrich Berens from the Vienna Reichshof Chancellery dates from May 8, 1752. It indicates that they should come from Utrecht and that the grandfather was said to have been in the service of the Prince of Orange as a general .

Heinrich Berens married Catharina Hedwig Krüger in 1737, the daughter of councilor Eberhard Krüger. Henry came to a respected citizens of Riga and in 1749 the elders of the Great Guild and in 1752 Russia to Grand Prince and Holstein titular - Commerce appointed. Also in 1752 he received the imperial nobility in Vienna with the nobility title "von Rautenfeld". In the following years, his peerage this allowed, he bought one after the manors Kastran, Ronneburg-Neuhof and castle Ronneburg, which he inherited in 1778 his sons. His five sons were: Eberhard (1738–1810), Heinrich (1740–1815), Johann Georg (1741–1805), Carl (1747–1809) and Ludwig Wilhelm (1748–1797).

  • Eberhard had founded his own trading company in 1772 and was elected councilor in Riga in 1773 . He is the progenitor of the Ringmundshof family.
  • In 1784 Heinrich bought Adsel Castle, which his son Reinhold Detlof (1771–1824) sold in 1818. The Adsel House he founded went out in 1928 with Roman Paul (1894–1928) in the male line.
  • Johann Georg (1741-1805) entered a military career and became lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian Army . He is the progenitor of the Groß-Buschhof family. "On February 14, 1780, it was incorporated into the registers of the nobility in the state assembly of the Estonian knighthood".
  • Carl Gotthard (1747-1809) was a lawyer and was District Chief of the circle turning , later fine judge . He received his indigenous status in 1797 under registration number 243 and had no offspring.
  • Ludwig (1748–1797) was an officer and ancestor of the Kastran family. With the death of his son Heinrich Friedrich (1793–1867), the 4th house went out in 1867.

The family of the Berens von Rautenfeld was entered in the aristocratic family register of the Rigas governorship in 1786 and was given indigenous status in 1797 with registration numbers 241, 243, 244 and 245. Lieutenant General Georg Berens von Rautenfeld was enrolled in 1800 under registration number 326 . In later years, especially after the forced evacuations and expulsions of the Baltic Germans, some family members only called themselves "von Rautenberg".

Family table

Ringmundshof house

Eberhard (* 1738 in Riga; † 1810 in Riga), lord of Ronneburg-Neuhof and Arrohof , indigenous man in 1797 under registration number 245, councilor in Riga ⚭ Maria Elisabeth von Koskull (1749–1774)

  • Heinrich Carl (* 1767 in Riga; † 1831 in Riga), gentleman at Ronneburg-Neuhof, Russian Guard Lieutenant ⚭ Anna Dorothea Adam (1792–1826)
    • Heinrich Eberhard (* 1822 on Lindenruh in Riga ; † 1895 on Ringmundshof), Lord of Ringmundshof, Alt-Rahden and Appricken ( Kurland ), District Deputy of Riga ⚭ 1st marriage Theophile Levy (1822–1881), 2nd marriage Livonia Carlile ( 1860–1925), from the 1st marriage:
      • Heinrich (* 1850 on Ringmundshof; † 1896 on Lindenruh), Herr auf Lindenruh, physicist ⚭ Margarethe Carlile (* 1863 on Ringmundshof)
        • Heinrich August (* 1882 - † 1923 in Riga), Lord of Lindenruh
          • Hans (1883 - 1912 on Lindenruh)
          • Paul Eberhard (* 1886), gentleman on Reggum
          • Max (1887 - 1920 Jakobstadt ), Lord of Reggum, volunteer in the Baltic Landwehr
          • Karl Wilhelm (1891 - 1892 on Lindenruh)
      • Eberhard Eduard (* 1854 at Ringmundshof; † 1918 in Riga), Dr. med. in Riga ⚭ Justine Hesselberg (* 1865 in Wilna ; † 1933 in Würzburg )
        • Friedrich Otto Eberhard (* 1889 in Riga), Dr. phil. ⚭ in Berlin Else Martens (* 1884)
          • Karl Eberhard (* 1922 in Würzburg)
      • Karl August (* 1857 at Ringmundshof, † 1919 in Riga), Lord at Ringmundshof,
      • Georg Eugen (1860 - 1904 at Ringmundshof)
      • Max Eduard Julius (* 1862 at Ringmundhof, † 1920 in Bad Elster ), Lord of Alt-Rahen (Kurland) ⚭ Elisabeth von Vietinghoff-Scheel (1868–1899)
        • Nicolai Hans (* 1890 at Ringmundshof; † 1912 in San Remo )
        • Kurt (* 1893 in Appricken; † 1915 fallen at Goissons)
      • Hans Erich (* 1863 at Ringmundshof; † 1885 in Riga)
      • Friedrich Hugo (* 1885 at Ringmundshof), Lord at Ringmundshof ⚭ Dagmar von Rautenfeld (adH Adsel) (* 1889)
        • Friedrich Konstantin (* 1913 at Ringmundshof)
        • Wolf Hugo (* 1915 in Riga)
        • Johann-Georg Friedrich (* 1919 in New Brandenburg , † 1932 in Naumburg / Saale )

House Adsel

Adsel Castle

Heinrich (* 1740 in Riga; † 1815 in Adsel ), Lord of Adsel Castle, indigenous 1797 registration number 244 ⚭ Dorothea Bauer (1744–1814)

  • Heinrich (* 1770 in Riga; † 1821 on Adsel)
  • Reinhold Detlof (* 1771 in Riga; † 1824 in Lubbert-Renzen), Lord of Adsel Castle, Russian Major ⚭ Margarethe Nothelfer (1774–1861)
    • Carl Friedrich (* 1813 in Wattram; † 1890 fallen near Taiwola )
    • August Eberhard (* 1823 in Lubbert-Renzen; † 1908 at Korwenhof), magistrate
    • Carl Hieronymus (* 1814 in Wattram, † 1874 in Riga)
      • Paul Heinrich (* 1865 at Korwenhof), Dr. phil., Customs Director in Chinese Services
      • Alexander Eberhard (* 1867 at Korwenhof; † 1935 in Tuckum ), cadastral officer , volunteer in the Baltic Landwehr ⚭ Franziska Treller (* 1868 in Kassel)
        • Roman Paul (* 1894 at Hübbenetshof; † 1928 in Berlin), with him the male line disappears.
        • Horst Herbert (* 1901 in Baldone ; † 1919), died as a volunteer in the Baltic Landwehr.

Gross-Buschhof house

Johann Georg (* 1741 in Riga; † 1805 in Leipzig), gentleman at Groß-Buschhof, Russian lieutenant general, indigenous 1800 with registration number 326 ⚭ 1st marriage: Elisabeth von der Wenge called Lambsdorff (1749–1782), 2nd marriage: Franziska von Thonis, widowed Lezzano (1754–1826)

  • Peter Heinrich Reinhold (1776–1841), lord of the Buschhof pledge ⚭ 1st marriage: Elisabeth Wewell (1781–1816), 2nd marriage: Johanna Regina von Rautenfeld adH Adsel (1780–1827)
    • Eduard Carl (* 1811 in Janischki near Mitau ; † 1893 in Jakobstadt), lord of the Buschhof pledge ⚭ Julie Koslowska (1827–1899)
      • Konstantin (* 1845 at Buschhof; † 1921 in Rinteln / Weser ) Lord of the Buschhof pledge Marie von Mengden (* 1860)
      • Viktor (* 1846 at Buschhof; † 1918 in Riga), court judge ⚭ Elisabeth Helmsing (1852–1923)
        • Viktor Eduard Erhard (* 1876 in Riga; † 1935 in Berlin), merchant ⚭ Cara von Loudon (* 1879)
          • Arndt Viktor (* 1906 in Dorpat ; † 1996 in Berlin), cameraman
          • Klaus (* 1909 in Dorpat; † 1982 in Munich), cameraman
            • Dr. Ralf Klaus (* 1946 Lübeck), pharmacist and chemist
          • Götz Berens von Rautenfeld (* 1913 in Katharinenberg; † 2001 in São Paulo ), SS-Obersturmbannführer
            • Gudrun Sigrid (* 1940; † 2017 in São Paulo )
            • Roland Ulrich (* 1943)
            • Herta Rosemarie (* 1947)
      • Peter (* 1858 at Buschhof; † 1920 in Libau ), Dr. med, ⚭ Mathilde Kapp (1860–1887)
        • Egon Bruno (* 1892 in Libau), Russian Rittmeister , farmer ⚭ Emma Kapp (* 1904)
          • Peter Harald (* 1937 in Riga)
        • Harald Nikolai (* 1893 in Libau; † 1975 in Loccum ), diplomat and activist ⚭ Gertraud Schuller (* 1914)
          • Dieter Harald (born 1938 in Berlin)
  • Georg Gustav Adolph (* 1778 in Riga; † 1847 in Russia), Russian captain ⚭ Johanna von Loudon (1783–1826)
    • Karl Georg Theodor (1805 - 1826 in Riga)
  • Karl Magnus Ludwig (1781-1803 in Riga)
  • Johann Alexander (* 1789 in Saint Petersburg; † 1832 on Curaçao ), Lord of Merijoki ( Finland ), Russian Rittmeister ⚭ Ernestine Schmidt (1782–1881)

Kastran House

Ludwig Wilhelm (1748 - 1797 in Riga), Russian Colonel , Estonian Indigenate 1780, Livonian Indigenate 1797, registration number 241 ⚭ Gertrude Clodt von Jürgensburg (1764–1785)

  • Heinrich Friedrich (* 1783 in Riga; † 1867 in Pickfer), Herr auf Kastran and Pickfer ⚭ Charlotte von Baranoff (1784–1835), extinct in the male line.

Possessions

In Livonia, the Rautenfelds owned the goods Ronneburg-Neuhof , Ronneburg Castle, Kastra mit Smerle, Adsel Castle, Sudden, Lubbert-Renzen and Korwenhof. Likewise Arrohof and Woiseck . In Estonia they owned Pickfer, in Courland they owned Appricken, Alt-Rahden, Alt-Abgulden and the pledged property Groß-Buschhof.

Ronneburg Castle

The Ronneburg (Lat .: Raunas Pils) east of Cesis (German: Wenden) on the trade route to Pleskau (Russian: Pskow) was started as a provisional fortification as early as 1262. The facility was expanded in various construction periods. In the 14th century it was heavily fortified due to internal tensions in the country and in the 15th century it was given defense towers suitable for firearms. After the Livonian War, however, it became less important than Wenden Castle (Lat .: Cesis). The castle was destroyed in the Second Northern War between Poland, Sweden and Lithuania between 1655 and 1661. Only the walls of the main house have stood the test of time

Adsel Castle

Adsel Castle with its Hummelzeen, to which the Neuhof or Frauenthal, Taiwola, Roickel, Tidriküll and Adsel-Schwarzhof courtyards belonged, was given away in 1629 by the Swedish King Gustav II Adolph (1594 - 1632) to the Reich Marshal Axel Banner. In 1745, the Russian Empress Elisabeth (1709–1761) donated the palace and the associated courtyards to the Holstein court marshal, Baron Bernhard Reinhold von Dellwig. On May 27, 1784, Heinrich Berens von Rautenfeld (1740-1815) acquired Adsel Castle with Hummelzeen from the Dellwigs. His son Reinhold Detlof (1771-1824) then sold it in 1818 to Rittmeister Adolph von Wulf. Adsel-Schwarzhof, named after the Schwarzhof family, was left to Johann Roedinger, who was married to a born Schwarzhof. It then changed hands several times, so that in 1825 it passed to the last owner, Dr. Wilhelm Johann von Zoeckell passed over. Adsel-Neuhof or Frauenthal was previously owned by Axel Dellwig and in 1820 passed into the possession of Johanna Keller, born Scotus

Good Kastran

Kastran mit Smerle was sold by District Administrator Otto Christoph Richter in 1724 and in 1730 became the property of Johann Lorenz von Oettingen. This in turn left the estate to Jacob Ludwig von Meck, who sold it to his cousin Gotthard, who gave it to Carl Gustav von Berg in an exchange deal. In 1762 the Kommerzienrat Heinrich Berens von Rautenfeld bought the Kastran estate along with Smerle. Smerle itself consisted of two different properties and was combined with the Kastran manor in 1730

Blazon of the coat of arms

Apse window by Elisabeth Coester (1924/1925)

The coat of arms is split into blue on the right and red on the left. In the blue upper part there are two brackets facing each other , below a silver diamond . In the red part three silver diamonds, which are arranged as 2 and 1. On the golden tournament helmet sits an eagle with a silver beak and a red tongue looking to the left . The helmet covers are blue-silver on the right and red-silver on the left.

Traces in Würzburg

Influenced by the emigration of German-Baltic aristocrats in Würzburg, a Latvian Evangelical Congregation was founded, which joined the Deutschhaus church community in Würzburg . “Shortly after the Deutschhausgemeinde was founded in 1922, the German-Baltic couple Berens von Rautenfeld, who came from Riga, donated the three stained glass windows […] by Elisabeth Coester, which can still be admired in the choir . The donor couple remained loyal to the Deutschhaus community until his death in 1968 ”.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Materials on a history of the Estonian aristocracy , according to the order adopted by the last matriculation commission. Along with other shorter essays etc: 18.19, Volume 18 by Hupel, August Wilhelm : Nordische Miscellaneen, Verlag published by Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, 1789, original from the Austrian National Library , digitized October 10, 2012, pages 320 - 322 [1] , accessed 21. January 2018
  2. ↑ List of casualties : Brandenburg Jäger Battalion No. 3 (Jäger-Sturm Battalion No. 3 ): Lieutenant BERENZ von RAUTENFELD Kurt, January 13, 1915, Crouy, 2nd Company [2] , accessed January 22, 2018
  3. ↑ Lost Places & Unlost Places Baltikum Livonia (Latvia, Estonia): Die Ronneburg [3]
  4. ^ Heinrich von Hagemeister : Materials for a History of the Estates of Livonia , Volumes 1–2, Verlag E. Frantzen, 1836, original from New York Public Library , digitized May 15, 2007 pp. 266–268 , accessed January 22, 2018.
  5. ^ Heinrich von Hagemeister: Materials for a History of the Estates of Livonia, pp. 63–64 , pp. 63–64 , accessed January 23, 2018.
  6. ↑ Carl Arvid Klingspor : Baltic Wappenbuch , Stockholm 1882, Tfl. 10.
  7. ↑ This coat of arms is also shown in the second supplement of the Weigelian coat of arms, plate 25 under the heading Berens
  8. ↑ Latvian Evangelical Congregation in Würzburg [4]
  9. ↑ Evangelical-Kutherische Deutschhauskirchengemeinde Würzburg - Latvian Congregation, Deutschhaus and Latvia - the three choir windows from 1924 [5] , accessed January 21, 2018