Bothmer (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Bothmer family

Bothmer , also Bothmar, is the name of an old noble family from Lower Saxony .

history

origin

Bothmer near Schwarmstedt, Lüneburg Heath

The progenitor is Gerd von Lachem (= von Lacheim). Some of his descendants, including the eldest son Ulrich (1162–1196), named themselves Bothmer after the fiefdom in Bothmer near Schwarmstedt an der Leine , where one of their estates was also located. They first appear under their current name in 1182 with the knight Ulricus de Botmerere . The family line begins with his brother Dietrich , documented as a knight 1183-1222.

Between 1500 and 1586 the old house was built on the Bothmer I manor in Bothmer ; the tower and the new house , a half-timbered wing attached at right angles, followed in 1596. The tower was later changed, the older wing no longer stands today. Over the centuries, the following manors of the von Bothmer family were created through inheritance divisions:

  • the manor Bothmer I - by Bothmer
  • the manor Bothmer II ( Rolefshof ) - barons von Bothmer
  • the Gut Bothmer IV ( Communiongut ) - Counts of Bothmer

Lines

Bothmer I Manor

As early as the 13th century, two lines emerged: the Drakenburg as the older, the Gilten as the younger line. In Bothmer near Schwarmstedt there are different goods and farms for both lines. Over time, the older line received possessions in Drakenburg and to this day (in the count's branch) holds the goods Bothmer IV and Lauenbrück (Rotenburg / Wümme district) and Gut Schwegerhoff in Ostercappeln , while Bothmer Castle in Klütz is the first house of the count's branch Was expropriated in 1945; the branch, which was once located in Landesbergen , owns a farm in Hetendorf , a baronial branch on Bothmer II owns the estate in Bennemühlen and until 1945 also the estate Zürkvitz on Rügen. The younger line is based on Bothmer I and Gut Oppershausen near Wienhausen and through marriage also came to Baden, to Gut Rickelshausen near Radolfzell . Until 1945, Falkenberg in the Neumark was also owned by a family branch.

Bothmer-Bülowscher Fideikommiss

Bothmer Castle in Klütz, Mecklenburg

The Electorate of Hanover, Hans Caspar von Bothmer , a Freiherr von Bothmer from the house of Lauenbrück, who was raised to imperial count in 1713 , built a Fideikommiss from the goods he had bought in Klützer Winkel , which was to be inherited as a majorate , the headquarters of which was the castle , which was built between 1726 and 1732 Bothmer was. His nephew Hans Caspar Gottfried von Bothmer (1695–1765) became the first majorate. Through his marriage to Christine Margarethe von Bülow (1708–1786) and their inheritance, the entails increased again. The county eventually comprised 10 estates with a total area of ​​nearly 8,000 hectares and remained in existence until after the First World War . These included:

  • Bothmer with the Pertinenzien Bahlen, Hofzumfelde and Nieder Klütz
  • Arpshagen with the pertinence Flecken Klütz , Ober Klütz and Hohen Schönberg
  • Brook
  • Christinenfeld
  • Elmenhorst ( Kalkhorst )
  • Goldbeck
  • Grundshagen
  • Parin (Bülow's legacy) with the pertinents Rolofshagen, Moor, Küssow and Gutow
  • Steinbeck
  • Tarnewitzerhagen

Status surveys

Julius August von Bothmer, privy councilor from Brunswick , court judge in Celle and Landdrost in Lauenburg, was elevated to the status of baron by Emperor Leopold I with a diploma on November 9, 1696 , and his son, Hans Caspar von Bothmer († 1732) received from Emperor Karl VI. on November 14, 1713 the dignity of imperial count . The dignity of count was also extended to his three brothers Friedrich Johann, Julius August and Ludolph Christian with their legitimate offspring, but in such a way that the dignity of count was to be carried out solely by the eldest of the four brothers and, after his death, only by the firstborn of the firstborn, all of them other descendants of the first acquirer would only have to use the title of baron. Each time the count was supposed to be the sole owner of the Bothmer entails, which was founded by the first Count Hans Caspar in 1723 and based at Bothmer Castle . Hans Caspar died without male descendants. He was followed as majorate by Hans Caspar III, Count von Bothmer (1727–1787), Hans Caspar Julius Victor, Count von Bothmer (1764–1814) and this was followed by his brother Christian Ludwig, Count von Bothmer (1773–1848).

The later majors all descended from a grandson of Baron Carl Ludwig von Bothmer - a brother of the grandfather of Count Christian Ludwig - of Carl Heinrich Ernst Friedrich von Bothmer (1770–1845), Wuerttemberg ambassador to the Bavarian court and heir to Mehring . From his first marriage to Antoinette Freiin v. Hanstein six sons. In 1817 he received the Bavarian Indigenous, was at the same time in that of his ancestor Friederich Johann, by Emperor Karl VI. on November 4, 1713 cum privilegio usus, et de non usu, acquired count status recognized by the King's Majesty for himself and his descent on December 8, BC . and since then used the title of count, as did his sons.

The so-called Bennemühlen main line of the baronial branch only received the authorization to use the baron title in 1881/82 through the royal Prussian heraldry.

On January 28, 1889, Hans Ludwig Adolf von Bothmer (1839–1918) on Lauenbrück was recognized as a count and formed the second line of the count's house.

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a silver boat in blue; on the helmet with blue-silver blankets is the boat, in which there is a silver pillar equipped with 5 natural peacock feathers and wrapped 4 times with a red ribbon.

The count's coat of arms is squared with a crowned central shield, in which a silver, round boat in blue. Fields 1 and 4 show the imperial black double-headed eagle in gold and above it the imperial crown. Fields 2 and 3 show a golden lion fighting to the right in red. The shield is covered by a count's crown on which are three crowned helmets. The right helmet leads the imperial eagle with the crown over it, just like in the 1st and 4th field; the middle one carries the boat of the central shield, in which stands a silver column with a golden crown, four times and obliquely red-wound, from which a bush of five peacock feathers (not seven flowers) emerges; On the left, a golden, right-facing lion grows up out of a hill provided with three steps that go up and down just as many, and which is covered with a black rafter crossed by two bars. On the second (not on the lower) tier of the hill are two flags, of which the right is golden and adorned with the double black eagle and the imperial crown, the left is red and adorned with a golden border. The helmet covers are blue and silver. The shield is held by two black wolves that look outwards and hold a flag in their free paw. The flag on the right is golden, with the double black eagle and the imperial crown, the left is red, with a golden border.

Heraldic motto

"Quidquid agis, prudenter agas et respice finem" (Whatever you do, do it carefully and consider the end). Often only the short form "respice finem" (remember the end) is given.

Known family members

Hans Caspar Graf von Bothmer (1656–1732), Elector of Hanover Minister
Grave chapel of the von Bothmer family, Bennemühlen (Wedemark)

Bothmer Family Foundation for study grants

The late senior of the cathedral chapter of Magdeburg , Johann von Bothmer (* 1536; † January 26, 1592 in Magdeburg) suspended a study grant for the descendants of his brother and sister children in his will. In exceptional cases, the scholarship could also be given to dowry female descendants or to middle-class theology students who did not need to belong to the von Bothmer family. The archives of the scholarship foundation are administered in the Saxony-Anhalt state archive .

literature

  • Peter Nöldechen: The Counts Bothmer, enlightened nobility in Mecklenburg. Callidus-Verlag, Wismar 2014, ISBN 978-3-940677-13-6 .
  • Peter Nöldechen: Bothmer Castle. A cultural asset in Mecklenburg opens up. Callidus-Verlag, Wismar 2015, ISBN 978-3-940677-15-0 .
  • Otto Freiherr von Waldenfels:  Bothmer. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 488 ( digitized version ).
  • Chronicle: Dorfgemeinschaft Bothmer (Ed.), Waldemar Ternes: Bothmer - Journey through history. Bothmer 2001.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility . Noble houses. Volume XXI, pp. 37-74, Volume 98 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1990, ISSN  0435-2408 .
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility. Adelslexikon Volume II, Volume 58 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1974.
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the count's houses 1875. P. 125 f.

Web links

Commons : Bothmer family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Archives of Loccum Abbey, No. 7; printed by W. von Hodenberg, Calenberger Urkundenbuch
  2. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: German count houses of the present in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation. Volume 1: A-K . TO Weigel, Leipzig 1852. ( full text ), p. 110f
  3. ↑ General Intelligence Gazette for the Kingdom of Baiern 1818, column 11
  4. ↑ Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser 38 (1888), pp. 79f
  5. ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the German count's houses 65 (1892), p. 150f
  6. ^ According to Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: German count houses of the present in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation. Volume 1: A-K . TO Weigel, Leipzig 1852. ( full text ), p. 110
  7. ^ DI 58, City of Hildesheim, No. 472 † (Christine Wulf), in: www.inschriften.net, urn: nbn: de: 0238-di058g010k0047203 . (GND = 133107817)
  8. ↑ GND = 101188576X
  9. ↑ Ulrich Freiherr von Bothmer , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 01/2002 of December 24, 2001, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)