Davos university courses

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The Davos university courses (French: Cours universitaires de Davos ) were part of a project to develop an international university in Davos from 1928 to 1931 .

Origins

Davos 1932 : University courses and sporting events were supposed to create additional attractions beyond the medical spa facilities.

The Davos university courses owe their existence to complementary activities at both local and international level.

Local initiative

In view of the high proportion of students suffering from tuberculosis among the patients in the clinics of the fashionable international spa, a group of Davos doctors developed the plan between 1926 and 1927 to create an international university facility in the city.

International activities

The Davos project coincided with an increasing resurgence in international relations after the First World War , in particular the re-establishment of academic contacts between the France of the Third Republic and the Weimar Republic following the Locarno Treaties in 1925. While French intellectuals in were able to fully participate in the projects of the Commission internationale de coopération intellectuelle (CICI, sub-organization of the League of Nations ), German scientists (as well as their Austrian, Bulgarian and Hungarian colleagues) had been excluded from international scientific institutions since November 1919 and were not allowed to participate in international congresses . This measure was monitored by the International Research Council (Conseil International de Recherche, CIR) in Brussels .

German scientists interested in international exchange a. For this reason, various local German-French societies (DFG) are affiliated. Intellectuals from these groups got in touch with the Davos Initiative and worked with it to develop the project of an international university in the form of annual congresses.

organization

The founding committee, chaired by Paul Müller, also included the sociologist Gottfried Salomon (1892–1964), President of the German-French Society (DFG) in Frankfurt am Main , and the Davos Mayor Erhard Branger (1881–1958), The aim is to bring together the elite of European intellectuals once a year in Davos for weeks of exchange and joint work. From 1929 onwards, the committee was supported by three national committees from Germany, France and Switzerland.

For four years in a row, from 1928 to 1931, the committee invited a number of important intellectuals, mainly university professors from Germany and France, to give a lecture in German or French for three weeks at the end of winter in Davos. The university lecturers were to be accompanied by promising students, for whom, in addition to the lectures, a program of study groups was offered, which should offer them the opportunity to get to know students from the other nation better.

Attendees

Lecturer in 1928

Albert Einstein (photo from 1931), whose presence brought the desired public attention to the first university course.

The first Davos university course was opened by Erhard Branger (Mayor of Davos), the French sociologist and philosopher Lucien Lévy-Bruhl , the German biologist and natural philosopher Hans Driesch and the German-Swiss physicist Albert Einstein .

Lecturers 1929

The second course (1929) met v. a. because of the participation of Ernst Cassirer (photo) and Martin Heidegger to great public interest.

The second course was opened by the Swiss ( Federal Councilor ) Giuseppe Motta and attracted particular attention through the so-called Davos disputation between Martin Heidegger and Ernst Cassirer .

Participating students

Lecturer 1930

The third university course was opened by Federal Councilor Heinrich Häberlin . For the first time, some lectures were also given in English.

Lecturers 1931

The lecture by André Honnorat , Member of the French National Assembly, on the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris met with great interest from the Davos Organizing Committee with regard to the planned further development of the courses.

Carl Heinrich Becker (former Prussian minister of education) took part in the opening ceremony of the fourth course.

End of college courses

The courses already planned for 1932 had to be canceled due to the effects of the global economic crisis . After the seizure of power of the NSDAP on 30 January 1933 and the subsequent escape of many German scientists into exile scientific relations between Germany and France came to a halt, so that more courses in Davos did not come into existence more.

literature

  • Nicolas Beauprè: Franco-German History. Vol. VIII: The Trauma of the Great War 1918–1932 / 33. Cape. 6.3. A Slow and Relative Demobilization: The Example of Science in Universities. Pp. 188-200. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2009, ISBN 978-3-534-14706-9 .
  • Michael Friedmann: Carnap. Cassirer. Heidegger. Shared ways . Fischer paperback, Frankfurt / M. 2004. ISBN 978-3-596-16006-8 .
  • Peter Eli Gordon: Continental divide: Heidegger, Cassirer, Davos. Harvard University Press, Cambridge 2010, ISBN 978-0-674-06417-1 .
  • Martin Grandjean: Les cours universitaires de Davos 1928–1931. Au center de l'Europe intellectuelle. University of Lausanne, 2011, BIB_S_000000015950 .
  • Philipp von Wussow: Davos disputation. In: Dan Diner (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Jewish History and Culture (EJGK). Volume 2: Co-Ha. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2012, ISBN 978-3-476-02502-9 , pp. 69-74.
  • Davos University Courses Committee: Davos University Courses. (January 1928 to March 1930 [?]).
  • The Davos University Courses March 17 to April 6, 1929. Davos 1929.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Grandjean: Les cours universitaires de Davos 1928–1931. Au center de l'Europe intellectuelle. University of Lausanne, 2011, BIB_S_000000015950 .
  2. ^ Message from Dr. Kollarits in Davos Revue , April 15, 1926, No. 7.
  3. ↑ Christian Jost: The influence of tourism on the economy and population in the Davos landscape . Davos book printing, Davos 1951.
  4. ↑ Hans Manfred Bock : Entre Locarno et Vichy: les relations culturelles franco-allemandes dans les années 1930. CNRS éditions, Paris 1993, 2 vol.
  5. ↑ Christian Barchler: Gustave Stresemann (1878-1929) De l'impérialisme à la sécurité collective. Presses Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 1996.
  6. ↑ Nicolas Beaupre: German-French history. Vol. VIII. Pp. 188-190.
  7. ^ Hans Manfred Bock: The German-French Society 1926 to 1934, A contribution to the social history of German-French relations in the interwar period. In: Francia , 17/3, 1990, pp. 57-102.
  8. ↑ Martin Grandjean: Analyze de réseau et méthode quantitative en histoire. Notre example: les cours universitaires de Davos, 1928–1931. See web links.
  9. ↑ Founder of the ice hockey tournament for the Spengler Cup , which has been held in Davos every year since 1923 with the aim of "bringing the youth of the nations that were hostile in the First World War together again in sporting contacts".
  10. ↑ Davoser Blätter , February – March 1928.
  11. ↑ Davoser Blätter , February – March 1929 edition; Catherine Newmark, Poisoned Atmosphere: The Davos Disputation between E. Cassirer and M. Heidegger , in Philosophy Magazine , Special Issue 3, Die Philosophen und der Nationalozialismus , Berlin 2015, p. 32f.
  12. ↑ at the invitation of Heidegger, s. on this Rüdiger Safranski : A master from Germany. Heidegger and his time , p. 213. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt / M.1998. ISBN 3-596-50128-8 .
  13. ↑ Jean Cavaillès returns, fascinated by a discussion between Ernst Cassirer and Martin Heidegger. Since that date, the students of the École normal supérieure have made up a large contingent of the students who attend Davos every year. Nicolas Beaupré: Franco-German History. Vol. 8 , p. 193; - JC itself: Verführte Jugend, in Philosophy Magazine, Special Issue 3, Die Philosophen und der Nationalozialismus , Philomagazin, Berlin 2015, without ISSN, p. 35
  14. ↑ Davoser Blätter , February-April 1930 edition.
  15. ↑ Davoser Blätter , February – April 1931 edition.
  16. ^ Lionel RICHARD: Aspects des relations intellectuelles et universitaires entre la France et l'Allemagne dans les années vingt. In: J. Bariety (ed.): La France et l'Allemagne entre deux guerres mondiales. Actes du colloque tenu en Sorbonne (Paris IV) 15-16-17 janvier 1987. Presses Universitaires de Nancy, Nancy 1987, ISBN 2-86480-380-1 , pp. 112-124.