Fieger (noble family)

Coat of arms of the Fieger according to Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book

The Fieger (also written Füger , Füeger , Fieger von Hirschberg , Fieger von Hirschenberg , Fieger von Hirschperg , Fieger von Friedberg ) are a Tyrolean aristocratic family that originally came from the municipality of Fügen in the Zillertal , but were later also wealthy in Upper Austria and Salzburg . At the beginning of the 19th century, the various lines of this family died out.

history

The Fieger have become rich and influential as trades in Hall in Tirol . Some of their possessions came from fiefs of the Brixen monastery that were no longer deferred .

As a trade, the Fieger owned shares in the silver mines in Schwaz and operated them at their own risk. They did not work as miners themselves, but bought the ore mined by the Lehenschaften (Lehenhauer) and melted it. They also employed miners themselves (Herrenhauer) and made the money available for building hopes. The trades included citizens, craftsmen, merchants and, in some cases, aristocrats. Trades from foreign trading families, who rarely stayed in Schwaz, set up factors that represented them on site. In doing so, the factors led their mining companies to great success through their mining knowledge. Since the rich and successful trades bought up the smaller ones, the number of trades steadily decreased. At the height of the Schwaz silver blessing in 1523 only eight trade families were still active, namely the Baumgartner, Dreyling, Fieger, Fugger, Katzbeck, Manlich, Stöckl and Tänzl.

In 1490 the family was divided into the two main lines Friedberg and Hirschberg: (1) Hans Fieger von Friedberg (near Volders), went out on July 2, 1802 with Johann Valerian Count Fieger von Friedberg . (2) Nikolaus Fieger von Hirschberg near Wenns , went out on November 4, 1849 with Franz Anton Count Fieger von Hirschberg.

Hans Fieger von Hirschberg, citizen of Hall and the mining industry in Schwaz, had the Fiegerkapelle (a chapel in the parish church dedicated to St. Nicholas) built as a burial place for his family in 1490. On the arch of the entrance gate there are three richly moving figures (Christ, Mary, St. Nicholas) with grave inscriptions from the charitable Fieger family of landlords and tradesmen from 1494. In 1507 Sigmund Fieger and his brothers donated the building site for the Franciscan monastery in Schwaz .

In 1511 Sigmund Fieger and his brothers were ennobled for their services; they were u. a. Donors of the sovereign. 1642 the Fieger are raised to the baron class. On July 1, 1694, Ferdinand Freiherr Fieger von Hirschberg (Tiroler Line, † 1710) became Imperial Count. In 1699, the Fieger von Hirschberg and their cousins, the Fieger von Friedberg, were raised to the rank of count by Emperor Leopold .

Georg Fieger the Younger (born October 26, 1528) was the 42nd administrator of the Salzmaieramt from 1555-1561 and real Salzmaier from 1561-1579. Its title is: Gubernator Saunarum . He was also a nurse in Imst and Thaur and an imperial, archducal and court chamber councilor. He denounced the city judge Veit Hilleprandt, the mayor Hans Steiner and the councilor Wilhelm Dengg in 1580 to Archduke Ferdinand for alleged heresy. In 1594 he wrote a prayer book published by Johann Baur in Innsbruck under the title Spiritual Armory , has 50 children and grandchildren and had all of his sons raised in Ingolstadt and Italy. 1. ⚭ Elisabeth Weitmoser-Winkl. 2. ⚭ his middle-class housekeeper Katharina Pichler, which is why he fell out of favor with Archduke Ferdinand, who was married to the middle-class daughter Philippine Welser . Fieger replied that he had “promised the tomcat marriage; no one could shake his loyalty. Incidentally, it is well known that even distinguished people enter into unequal marriages. "

In 1560 the von Fieger family got into financial difficulties due to the decline in the mountain blessing. They withdrew from mining after heavy losses and had to leave them to foreigners. "The former domestic trades", the (Court) Chamber complained in 1564, "were to be honored, but the current foreigners only look to their own profit ... and so the journeymen will also leave the mountain because you deprives them of their profit so that they can no longer exist ".

Georg Ludwig Fieger von Hirschberg (* 1569; † October 30, 1642) is 44th Salzmaier, 1602 Upper Austrian regimental councilor, in 1612 he visited the administration of the foreland on behalf of the emperor. In 1617 he got into a conflict with the archducal barchent manufacturer Christof von Lustrier-Liebenstein, who wanted to introduce numerous innovations in salt production, but emerged victorious. He received archducal recognition and was also awarded state recognition, ultimately he was given the management of the entire salt trade. On July 7th, 1605 he became district administrator, later regimental vice-president. His parents were Karl von Fieger and Anna Maria von Taxis. He married Susanna von Andrian-Werburg on November 11, 1608 († July 12, 1655). In 1639 Fieger was suspended from the Salzmaier office because he was accused of “immorality and lousy official behavior”; the process dragged on for two years, then at the beginning of 1642 by the Archduchess Claudia, as sovereign, “for certain moving reasons”. Fieger was also a regional deputy, court lord of Hörtenberg and died on October 30, 1642 in Hall, where a white marble tomb on the parish church marks his burial place.

In 1746, Count Johann Josef von Fieger, Freiherr zu Friedberg, received the rural team in the Salzburg archbishopric .

Possessions

The Melans residence came from Duke Sigismund the Coin-Rich in pledge to the Fieger family in Hall around 1455. In 1535 the residence became the property of the Zott von Perneg .

The Madleinhof , located in the municipality of Thaur , was owned by the Fieger von Melans family in 1493, before it was sold to the Jesuits in Hall as a summer residence before 1605.

In 1491, the later Emperor Maximilian I enfeoffed Hans Fieger with Friedberg , which was then in poor condition. The Fieger renovated and expanded the castle, built a bastion and laid out gardens. Around 1500 the keep was raised by 30 meters and provided with four oriels. After the Fieger family died out in 1802, Count Trapp bought the castle complex in 1845.

In 1502 Kronberg Castle was sold by the later Emperor Maximilian I to his councilor Hanns Fieger the Elder in Schwaz († 1515). In 1504 a letter of fief is issued for the brothers Hans, Christoph and Sigmund. Sigmund Fieger was a successful entrepreneur in the silver mine in Schwaz. Sigmund Fieger owns the Kronburg and Matzen castles , he is a well-known metallurgist, a smelting specialist with his own laboratory. His tasting alley (the laboratory for melting processes in the Orglerhaus next to the Schwaz district court in Ludwig-Penz-Straße) is also used by the Fuggers . His son of the same name was semi-blind and paralyzed. He planned to sell Kronburg Castle and Matzen, but this did not materialize. With this Sigmund the line of the Fieger-Kronburg died out. The Kronburg was then no longer inhabited, but you could still read about the inn: 1779 Johann Sigmund Peregrin Count von Fieger and Freiherr zu Friedberg, Cronburg, Korb Naturns, kk Obristbland Jägermeister . With the death of Count Johann Nepomuk Valerian Fieger von Friedberg († 1802), the Kronburg fell to the Aerar.

In 1504 Hanns Fieger von Lemans and Friedberg took over the castle and rule of Taufers from the later Emperor Maximilian I for 27,000 florins as a pledge, which he held until his death in 1515. After the construction of Neumelans on the southern edge of the village in 1582, the court was relocated there, but the Fieger did not manage the administration themselves, but appointed nurses . The rule then passed to Friedrich Fieger and later to his widow Beatrix, née von Weiler, and then to their son Hannes († 1602).

In 1553 the Fieger were enfeoffed with the Brixen fiefdom of Hirschberg Castle and henceforth called themselves Fieger von Hirschberg. A second tower at Wenns had been Fiegerisch since 1493; this was brought into the marriage with Sebastian Fieger by Magdalena Kripp, daughter of the tower owner Hans von Kripp. This property remained in the possession of this family until the Fieger family died out in 1807. As recently as 1752, a Fiegerscher bailiff compiled an archive directory of the archive material in the Hirschberg tower. In 1817 Hirschberg went to Josef Ritter von Woertz on Kaufweg and in 1834 to farmers.

On Castle Rofenstein Georg Fieger Hirschberg was 1,579 mortgage holders. After being taken over by Schurf, Rofenstein came back to Georg Fieger in 1589. It was not until 1614 that the pledge was redeemed by Franz Karl von Grünberg.

The castle Rettenberg was from 1649 owned by the Counts Fieger of Friedberg. In the 18th century, Rettenberg Castle fell into disrepair and the seat of the court was moved to Volders . In 1791 the countesses Juliane and Justiane Fieger acquired the rule as free property . In 1798 it was sold to the Kolsasser pastor Georg Ruf.

The Castle Add was acquired in 1651 by Count Ferdinand Fieger of Friedberg, a brother of the last castle owner Snow White. Between 1695 and 1702, the Fieger had the palace redesigned into a baroque palace and gave the building its current form. In 1802 Nikolaus Graf Dönhoff acquired this property after the Fieger had died out.

The Sigmundslust Castle in Vomp came to the Count Fieger von Hirschberg in 1692, who named themselves after the Sigmundslust residence . In the Tyrolean wars of freedom of 1809, the French-Bavarian troops looted Sigmundslust Castle.

The Mitterhart mansion , built in 1620 by Hieronymus Ritter von Stauber, came to the Fieger von Hirschberg counts through Maria Regina Imhoff, who gave the mansion its present form.

The Korb Castle in the Missian district of Eppan (near Bozen ) was a fiefdom of the Fieger until 1637.

In 1633 the Fieger came into the possession of Hörtenberg Castle as a deposit . In the pledge agreement it is pointed out that Hörtenberg must be kept open for the sovereign and that it must always be structurally repaired. The first lien holder was Georg Ludwig, then Hans, Franz and Karl, who got their contract extended in 1646. In 1653 another Karl Fieger is named. In 1691 Ferdinand Karl Fieger, son of Kaspar Ludwig Fieger, is named as a co-owner, and in 1692 Johann Anton Fieger is named as a further co-owner, whose share goes to his son Ferdinand in 1692. In 1720 Johann Graf Fieger is mentioned as the sole lien holder; this is followed by Johann Paul (1741) and then Josef Karl. His daughter Anna († 1805) was the last Fieger on Hörtenberg.

The castle Thaur was pledged as collateral in 1649 the Carl and Johann Franz Fieger to Hirschberg. In 1696 it was redeemed by the Finance Chamber and confiscated as Kammergut .

The castle Berneck came in 1667 in the hands of the Fieger Hirschberg. Carl was the first here, followed by his children in 1670 and 1688. In 1699 Berneck was sold to Franz Christoph Freiherr von Rassler.

Around 1590 the difficult negotiations between Archduke Maximilian of Austria and Duke Maximilian I of Bavaria began to build a Tyrolean iron hammer on Kiefer in the Bavarian town of Kiefersfelden ; The background was that the steelworks in Kundl and Brixlegg could no longer fall back on enough wood for iron smelting. In 1611 the construction of a coal workshop was approved and the coal was first delivered to the silver and copper mine in Kundl and then to the hammer mill in Glemm. In 1669, Hanns Carl Fieger took over the iron and steel works in the Zillertal and was now building a new ironworks on the Kiefer. He was given the right to mark the iron won with the coat of arms of the Keutschacher (a turnip) and his own (a clover leaf) as a hammer mark. In 1695, the Counts of Fieger began building an ironworks, but it took until 1698 for a furnace and an iron hammer to be built. Around 200 Tyroleans were employed in the plant, plus women and children. However, on June 21, 1703 the factory was set on fire by imperial troops in the course of the War of the Spanish Succession and completely ruined. From 1705 Count Fieger ordered the rebuilding of the plant, but it took another five years before production could be resumed. In 1776 the ironworks was nationalized and placed under the court chamber . After several changes of ownership, the ironworks on the Kiefer ceased operations around 1880.

In Upper Austria, the Fieger von Hirschberg family owned Bergheim Castle from 1636 to 1760 . The castle came to Karl Fieger von Hirschberg as the marriage property of Christine Kammerer in 1635. Bergheim was converted into a country palace under Count Fieger. When Countess Maria Anna Fieger married Count Reichart Salburg in 1787, Bergheim passed to this family.

Innersee Castle in the Rottenbach community was acquired by the Fiegern in 1635 and restored after a fire. In 1679 the property came to the Willinger family as marriage property.

Rufling Castle near Leonding passed to Count Philipp Fieger in 1755, but passed to Maria Theresa Freiin von Pilati in 1764.

Ottsdorf Castle near the municipality of Thalheim near Wels was transferred to Count Fieger von Hirschberg together with Dietach Castle in 1764 , but soon afterwards passed to Gottfried Graf Clam.

Tollet Castle in the municipality of the same name also went to Count Fieger von Hirschberg, who sold it to Baron Josef von Peckenzell in 1754.

The noble seat Iron Hand in Linz came to the Tyrolean Count Johann Carl Fieger von Hirschberg in 1700. Since then, the term “seat” has been used for the Iron Hand. Franz Anton Ungnad von Weißenwolff had bought back Fieger's goods and sold the "Sütz Zur Eysern Hanndt" to Georg Adam Krauss in 1708.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Fieger von Friedberg

The family coat of arms is a black chamois and shamrocks standing upright on red. Variation: Square with a heart shield, in it a silver bracke with a gold collar in blue (office of the hereditary land hunter in Tyrol). In fields 1 and 4 in red a silver torn clover stem with two leaves (coat of arms); 2 and 3 in silver a black chamois. On the first crowned helmet with red and silver covers a bush of black ostrich feathers, in front of it a silver shamrock. The second crowned helmet with blue-silver covers is the silver hound with a gold collar. The third crowned helmet with black and silver covers the black chamois growing, on the comb-shaped back covered with silver three clover-leaf balls, which are covered with black feathers.

Coat of arms from 1460 : The black chamois, reinforced with gold, comes from the coat of arms of the Cammerer zu Tawr , which was combined with the Fieger shield after it was extinguished on June 5, 1472.

Baron's coat of arms from 1642 and 1734 : square. 1 and 4 coat of arms of the Fieger family. 2 and 3 in silver the black chamois. Two crowned helmets: 1. with red and silver covers, the tribe jewel. 2. with black and silver covers a growing chamois with a silver comb, the five prongs of which are decorated with cock feathers.

The Count's coat of arms 1694 and 1736: The baronial shield as a back shield with a blue heart shield, inside a silver bracke with a gold neck ring (Erbland-Jägermeisteramt in Tyrol). Three crowned helmets: 1st and 3rd as in the baronial coat of arms. 2. The growing hound with blue-silver covers. Shield holder for two black chamois.

• 

  Coat of arms of the Barons von Fieger

• 

  Coat of arms of the Counts of Fieger (Fueger)

• 

  Coat of arms of the Fieger, Bavarian line (heart shield white-blue)

Tribe list

NN

1. Heinrich Fieger zu Sparberegg in Hall, ⚭ 1217 Adelheid, daughter of Leopold Mülßer von Klamm
   1. Hans Fieger zu Hall, 1296, ⚭ Maja von Teis,
      1. Heinrich von Fieger was the 11th Salzmaier in Hall ⚭ Elise von Baumkircher from 1342-1355
      2. Christian Fieger zu Friedleben, 1336 in Wattens Richter auf Vellenberg, buried in Kolsaß. 1369 Salzmaier in Hall, sold in 1350 to Georg Fieger own people and goods that his forefathers owned for over a hundred years.
         1. Georg Fieger ⚭ 1396 Elisabeth, daughter of Rudolf Grißmann von Fritzens and Kordula von Niedermontan, brings her husband the noble seat of Aichberg.
            1. Jakob Fieger, nurse at Friedberg ⚭ 1430 Magdalena von Götzens
               1. Hans Fieger in Hall, 1460 at the Grantner seat in Thaur, ⚭ 1459 Barbara, heir daughter of Peter Kämmerer von Thaur and Agnes Granter. 1472 Hans Fieger goes from Hall to Schwaz . He has a residence that is now built into the Franciscan monastery and a house in what is now the Orglerhaus in Ludwig-Penz-Straße. He made the organ house available to the great doctor Paracelsus as a residence for a while. Paracelsus spends some time in Schwaz as an apprentice to learn the art of silver cutting from Sigmund Fieger. Paracelsus, who is reluctant to teach Latin, is therefore portrayed by his colleagues as a vicious drunkard. And his writings in German are said to have all been written in a frenzy.
                  1. Nikolaus Fieger von Hirschberg in Hall, progenitor of Fieger von Hirschberg. 1490 division into two large lines Friedberg and Hirschberg
                     1. Hans Fieger von Friedberg (near Volders), went out on July 2, 1802 with Johann Valerian Count Fieger von Friedberg.
                     2. Nikolaus Fieger von Hirschberg (near Wenns) went out on November 4, 1849 with Franz Anton Graf Fieger von Hirschberg.
                     3. Sebastian Fieger von Hirschberg in Hall, enfeoffed with Hirschberg, ⚭ Martha Petschmer von Rindheim (married again to Hildeprand von Spaur), daughter of Balthasar Petschmer von Rindheim and Anna Fröschl von Marzoll . 1515
                        1. Georg Fieger von Hirschberg, imperial councilor and treasurer, 41.Salzmaier zu Hall, * 1496, † November 4, 1568 in Innsbruck , buried in Hall, ⚭ 1527 Ursula von Neidegg (* June 29, 1509, † September 23, 1570), Daughter of Eustach von Neidegg and Katharina von Firmian.
                           1. Wilhelm Fieger von Hirschberg in Upper Austria, ⚭ Barbara Kammerer von Hammerschlag and Bergheim .
                              1. (Georg) Carl Fieger von Hirschberg on Bergheim and Gneisenau , founder of the Upper Austrian line, son of Georg Fieger. 1. ⚭ Christina Cammerer, heir to Bergheim. On February 12, 1636, Carl was accepted into the Upper Austrian knighthood and bought the Gneisenau estate in the Mühlviertel. 2. ⚭ Cäcilia Schmidauer from Oberwallsee .
                                 1. Hanns Ferdinand ⚭ 1680 Eva Johanna von Seeau.
                                 2. Hanns Carl Fieger von Hirschberg zu Bergheim († 1707), ⚭ February 9, 1684 Anna Franziska Schrenk von Notzing,
                                    1. Johann Christoph Josef
                                    2. Twins Adam and John
                                    3. Johann Philibert Fieger von Hirschberg on Bergheim and Gneisenau, Oberwachtmeister, † October 8, 1736 ⚭ Regina Antonia Freiin von Skrbensky, 1734 by Emperor Karl VI. raised to the baron rank. On August 22nd, 1735, he was accepted into the Upper Austrian gentry and in 1736 raised to the rank of count.
                                       1. Carl Anton
                                       2. Carl Anton Fieger von Hirschberg. 1. ⚭ Johanna Nepomucena Countess Des Fours zu Mont and Athienvill. 2. ⚭ Karolina Josefa Countess Colonna-Fels.
                                          1. Franz de Paula Anton von Hirschberg, ⚭ 1794 Maria Countess von Salburg, who brings Bergheim and Langenhalsen in the Mühlviertel into the family again. 1802 member of the old rudolfinischen gentry of Austria above the Enns. † January 4, 1849 in Linz as leaseholder of the permanent theater there, the last of the Upper Austrian branch.
                                             1. Luise (born June 25, 1800) canon of the aristocratic women's monastery "Maria Schul (Nadace Maria Školské)" in Brno .
                                    4. Johann Sigmund
                                    5. Johann Ehrenwerth Carl Fieger von Hirschberg auf Bergheim and Gneisenau († January 21, 1769). Owner of Bergheim, Raitrat, 1. ⚭ 1735 Maria Annan Josepha Rosalia Campmiller von Metzburg, 2. ⚭ 1746 Maria Esther Countess von Hohenfeld, 3. ⚭ 1745 Maria Franziska Countess von Unverzagt. 1734 by Emperor Karl VI. raised to the baron rank. Admitted to the Upper Austrian gentry on August 22, 1735. Elevated to the rank of count in 1736. No male offspring.
                                 3. Hanns Ludwig Fieger von Hirschberg zu Gneisenau, ⚭ February 20, 1679 Maria Corona Schrenk von Notzing, a sister of his sister-in-law. Both sons (1) Johann Constantin (2) Johann Anton die young. Gneisenau goes to Johann Graf Philibert.
                                 4. Regina Maximiliana (daughter of Georg Karl) Fieger von Hirschberg auf Bergheim and Gneisenau ⚭ Johann Karl Reichsfreiherr von Starzhausen.

literature

• Hans Moser: Chronicle of Kiefersfelden (= sources and representations on the history of the city and the district of Rosenheim, Ed. Albert Aschl). Verlag der Stadtarchiv Rosenheim, Rosenheim 1959.
• Oswald Trapp ; Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner (employee): Tiroler Burgenbuch. VII. Volume - Upper Inn Valley and Ausserfern . Athesia publishing house, Bozen 1986, ISBN 88-7014-391-0 .
• Siebmacher, Johann: Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms book. Volume 28. The coats of arms of the nobility in Salzburg, Styria and Tyrol. Facsimile reprint of the Nuremberg edition 1701-1806. Munich: Battenberg. Bauer & Raspe: Neustadt an der Aisch, 1979.
• Johann Georg Adam von Hoheneck : The praiseworthy gentlemen, gentlemen's class deß Ertz-Hertzogthumbs Austria on the Ennß. Volume 1, Passau 1727, pp. 100-104 books.google

Web links

Commons : Fieger family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Fieger
• Fieger on Salzburgwiki

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Fieger
2. ↑ Johann Siebmacher, 1701-1806, p. 15.
3. ^ Oswald Trapp & Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner, 1986, p. 190.
4. ^ Oswald Trapp & Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner, 1986, p. 192.
5. ^ Oswald Trapp & Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner, 1986, p. 325.
6. ↑ Oswald Trapp & Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner, 1986, p. 208.
7. ^ Oswald Trapp & Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner, 1986, p. 378.
8. ↑ Oswald Trapp & Magdalena Hörmann-Weingartner, 1986, p. 66.
9. ↑ Hans Moser, 1959, pp. 240 and 290ff.
10. ↑ Hans Moser, 1959, p. 511.
11. ↑ Hans Moser, 1959, pp. 684f.
12. ↑ Master list based on Fieger , the information is not complete.
13. ^ Family tree of Count Franz Anton von Fieger in Ignaz Ritter von Schönfeld: Adels-Schematismus des Österreichischen Kaiserstaates , Vienna 1825, Volume 2, p. 193