Firnskuppe
| Firnskuppe | ||
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 View from the Vellmarer Osterberg ( 258.2 m ) near the border to Kassel westwards over the Firnskuppe to the Hohen Dörnberg (left) and Helfenstein (right) in the background (2003) |
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| height | 313.9 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | near Harleshausen ; District of Kassel , North Hesse ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains |
Kassel Basin in the West Hessian mountains |
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 21 '6 " N , 9 ° 25' 29" E | |
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| rock | Habichtswalder basalt tuff | |
| particularities | former mining shaft (Sagenschacht) | |
The Firnskuppe near Harleshausen , a district of the north Hessian city of Kassel , is 313.9 m above sea level. NHN high rocky summit made of Habichtswalder basalt tuff in the Kassel basin belonging to the West Hessian mountains (West Hessian mountain and sink country) . Geomorphologically, it represents an extension of the Hohen Habichtswald and was an active volcano 10 million years ago in the Miocene of the Neogene .
Geographical location
The Firnskuppe rises as the northeast foothills of the Hohen Habichtswald in the northwest of the Kassel basin. In the easternmost foothills of the Habichtswald Nature Park , it is 1.9 km (as the crow flies ) northwest of the center of the Kassel district of Harleshausen . It towers up - quite well hidden between the trees of the Harleshausen Forest - up to 55 m above the edge of the forest slightly to the north.
To the north the landscape of the beech- wooded firn knoll falls over the fields and meadows in front of the forest towards the ancestor , to the east the northeastern foothills of the Hohe Habichtswald continue over the Lambert (approx. 292 m ), to the south it falls in higher elevations still wooded terrain over fields and meadows along the Herdgraben to Geilebach (Geile) . The summit region, on which there are rocks made of Habichtswalder basalt tuff , slopes down quite steeply on all sides, and even vertically on the north side of the northern summit, which is a few meters lower.
On the wooded plateau in front of the firn dome to the south, the small firn stream rises , which passes the dome to the west and then flows towards the northeast. In its lower course, called Rainbach , the brook flows in Obervellmar into the ancestor mentioned above.
Natural allocation and protected area
The Firnskuppe belongs to the natural spatial main unit group West Hessisches Bergland (No. 34) and in the main unit West Hessische Senke (343) to the subunit Kassel Basin (343.3). In a south-westerly direction, the landscape in the main unit Habichtswälder Bergland (342) and in the subunit Habichtswald (with Langenberg) (342.0) leads to the natural area High Habichtswald (342.00).
On the survey are parts of 29.19 square kilometers large fauna Habitats -region Habichtswald and Seiler bei Ehlen (FFH-Nr. 4622-302).
history
The Firnkuppe and its surroundings were visited by people as early as before Christ, which can be seen, among other things, from the remains of barrows from the La Tène period , which are located south-east of the summit, not far from the Harleshausen swimming pool at Heiden- und Fuchsküppel . In the Middle Ages the hill was a refuge for bands of robbers and thieves.
Inside the Firnskuppe was formerly underground according ore , coal or minerals ( hornblende and olivine wanted). A few meters below the rocky summit of the Firnskuppe there is still a vertically sloping mining shaft , also called Sagenschacht , in the rock , from which a side vault or tunnel branches off in the summit. The date January 18, 1643 is said to have been legible above the shaft on the summit. Its access area at the top is secured by an old iron gate. In August 1821, the Heckershauser shepherd Bernhard Krebs fell into the shaft and died after being rescued. In the rocky soil structure of the summit, in which there is a hole directly above the shaft, a grid was embedded for safety reasons so that one does not accidentally fall vertically into the depths.
mythology
The mining shaft (Sagenschacht) located in the firn top is referred to in the North Hessian mythology as a "path to the underworld " that must always be avoided . According to a legend , a shepherd rushed into it with his entire flock of sheep and disappeared into it forever and ever. According to another story, a jealous stable boy killed a grenadier from the local garrison in a fight and threw him into the shaft.
Possibility of viewing
From the summit of the Firnskuppe, in the cold season, you can enjoy partly good views through the leafy trees. The view falls over to the statue of Hercules 4.5 km (as the crow flies) south-southwest in the Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe , which can be seen above the treetops.
Traffic and walking
About 630 m (distance) west-southwest of the intersection of lies from the top of Firnskuppe state road 251 ( Harleshausen - Dörnberg ) (Wolfhager Road) and State Road 3217 ( Rasenallee ) ( Bad Wilhelmshöhe - Kirchditmold -Harleshausen- Ahnatal ). The Firnskuppe hikers' car park is located in an old curve of the B 251 near the intersection . From there the summit can be reached with a short walk on forest paths and paths.
References and comments
- ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Martin Bürgener: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 111 Arolsen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1963. → Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
- ↑ Heckershausen church book
literature
- Eduard Brauns: Hiking and travel guide through North Hesse and Waldeck. A. Bernecker, Melsungen 1971, p. 104
- Klaus Sippel: The shaft on the Firnskuppe - On the interpretation of a former mine shaft and on medieval iron extraction in the Habichtswald , in Landkreis Kassel, Jahrbuch '94 , pp. 23–32, December 1993
