Grand Slam (tennis)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tennis Grand Slam tournaments
competition location 1st edition meeting Covering
Australian Open AustraliaAustralia Melbourne 1905 January Hard court
French Open FranceFrance Paris 1891 May June sand
Wimbledon United KingdomUnited Kingdom London 1877 June July race
US Open United StatesUnited States new York 1881 August September Hard court

A Grand Slam ( English for big-hit) in tennis is to win all four Grand Slam tournaments in one calendar year.

The Grand Slam tournaments Australian Open , French Open , Wimbledon Championships and US Open are the most highly endowed tournaments on the schedule , both in terms of prize money and the world ranking points awarded there . They are held within about two weeks in the knockout system for men and women as singles, doubles and mixed competitions.

history

The term "Grand Slam" was coined in tennis in 1933 by the American journalist John Kieran. He borrowed it from the English card game Bridge , in which a Grand Slam (German: Großschlemm) means winning all the tricks for a party. After tennis player Jack Crawford won the Australian and French championships as well as Wimbledon that year, Kieran wrote in the New York Times that if Crawford now also won the US championships, it would be like a grand slam on tennis courts.

Attendees

There are several ways to qualify for participation in an individual competition in a Grand Slam tournament:

  • 16 places will be allocated through the preceding qualification tournament
  • 8 wildcards are given by the respective tournament management
  • 104 places will be awarded to the best placed in the WTA / ATP rankings
  • By applying for a protected ranking , participants in the aforementioned group can be displaced

In the event of cancellation, poorly placed players move up, so that a player no longer has to compete in the qualification. In the event of cancellation shortly before the start of the main round games, the vacated places are reserved for lucky losers .

Grand Slam winner

Grand Slam winner in tennis
year Tennis player competition
1938 United States 48United States Don Budge Men's singles
1951 AustraliaAustralia Ken McGregor Frank Sedgman
AustraliaAustralia  		Men's doubles
1953 United States 48United States Maureen Connolly Ladies singles
1960 Brazil 1960Brazil Maria Bueno
with various partners 		Ladies doubles
1962 AustraliaAustralia Rod Laver Men's singles
1963 AustraliaAustralia Margaret Smith Ken Fletcher
AustraliaAustralia  		Mixed
1965 AustraliaAustralia Margaret Smith
with various partners 		Mixed
1967 AustraliaAustralia Owen Davidson
with various partners 		Mixed
1969 AustraliaAustralia Rod Laver Men's singles
1970 AustraliaAustralia Margaret Court Ladies singles
1984 United StatesUnited States Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver
United StatesUnited States  		Ladies doubles
1988 Germany Federal RepublicFederal Republic of Germany Steffi Graf Ladies singles
1998 SwitzerlandSwitzerland Martina Hingis
with various partners 		Ladies doubles
! with different partners   Golden Slam bold  single!   

The Grand Slam is considered to be the greatest success a tennis player can achieve. In the individual competitions he only managed five players, Rod Laver being the only player to have won the Grand Slam twice (1962 and 1969). The Grand Slam is even rarer in the doubles competitions, where it has so far only been won by two doubles pairs and one mixed pair. In the case of doubles, the question arises whether a Grand Slam also exists if a player wins the Grand Slam tournaments of a year with different partners. So far, this has been regularly denied and excludes Martina Hingis , for example , who won all four tournaments in women's doubles in 1998, but with two different partners.

A Grand Slam title or title win is used when a single one of the four Grand Slam tournaments has been won. It should not be confused with winning a "Grand Slam".

“Fake” Grand Slam

“Fake” Grand Slams
years Tennis player competition
1983/84 United StatesUnited States Martina Navrátilová Ladies singles
1986/87 * United StatesUnited States Martina Navrátilová
with various partners 		Ladies doubles
1986/87 * United StatesUnited States Martina Navrátilová Pam Shriver
United StatesUnited States  		Ladies doubles
1992/93 United StatesUnited States Gigi Fernández Natallja Swerawa
Belarus 1991Belarus  		Ladies doubles
1993/94 GermanyGermany Steffi Graf Ladies singles
1996/97 BelarusBelarus Natallja Swerawa
with various partners 		Ladies doubles
2002/03 United StatesUnited States Serena Williams Ladies singles
2009/10 United StatesUnited States Serena Williams Venus Williams
United StatesUnited States  		Ladies doubles
2012/13 United StatesUnited States Bob Bryan Mike Bryan
United StatesUnited States  		Men's doubles
2014/15 United StatesUnited States Serena Williams Ladies singles
2015/16 SerbiaSerbia Novak Đoković Men's singles
! with different partners
* iiiThese fake Grand Slams partially overlap:
000the first: French Open 1986 to Australian Open 1987,
000the second (with P. Shriver): Wimbledon 1986 to French Open 1987.

If you win four Grand Slam tournaments in a row without these being in a calendar year, you speak of a "fake" Grand Slam, e.g. B. Martina Navrátilová : In 1983/84 she achieved a record of Grand Slam tournament victories in women's singles with six consecutive victories, without actually achieving a Grand Slam. In women's doubles, Gigi Fernández and Natallja Swerawa also won six tournaments in a row in 1992/93 without reaching a real Grand Slam. As the last player so far, Novak Đoković managed the fake Grand Slam from the Wimbledon tournament in 2015 to the French Open 2016.

Career Grand Slam

A player reaches a career grand slam if he wins each of the four major tournaments at least once in his career.

Men's singles

The following players were able to win all four Grand Slam tournaments in the course of their careers, although not necessarily within one year or in direct succession:

called is the year in which the player completed the career grand slam

Only Andre Agassi, Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal and Novak Đoković reached the career grand slam on three different surfaces (grass, sand and hard court). The previous career Grand Slam winners achieved their Grand Slam successes exclusively on clay and grass pitches.

Ladies singles

The following players managed to win each of the four Grand Slam tournaments in the course of their careers, although not necessarily within one year or in direct succession:

is the year in which the player completed the career grand slam

Men's doubles

Single player

The following players were able to win all four Grand Slam tournaments in doubles in the course of their careers, although not necessarily within one year or in direct succession:

called is the year in which the player completed the career grand slam

Pairings

The following pairings were able to win the career grand slam as a team:

named is the year in which the pair completed the career grand slam

Ladies doubles

Single players

The following players were able to win all four Grand Slam tournaments in doubles in the course of their careers, although not necessarily within one year or in direct succession:

is the year in which the player completed the career grand slam

Pairings

named is the year in which the pair completed the career grand slam

Mixed

Single player

is the year in which the player completed the career grand slam

Pairings

is the year in which the pair completed the career grand slam as a team

Golden Slam

Victories at all four Grand Slam tournaments in one year as well as winning the gold medal at the Olympic tennis tournament are unofficially referred to as the Golden Slam . So far, only Steffi Graf has achieved such success in tennis in 1988. In wheelchair tennis , Diede de Groot achieved the Golden Slam in 2021 .

Between 1928 and 1984, tennis was not part of the program of the Olympic Games, so theoretically a Golden Slam would only have been possible four times before Graf (1908, 1912, 1920, 1924).

In 2012, the American tennis player Serena Williams scored with her victory in the individual of the XXX. Summer Olympics a career golden slam. In doubles, she and her sister Venus reached the career golden slam back in 2001 by winning the Australian Open. The American brothers Bob and Mike Bryan also had a career golden slam by winning the men's doubles at the 2012 Olympic Games , which also resulted in a fake golden slam by winning all four subsequent Grand Slam tournaments.

Other players who managed a so-called career golden slam are Andre Agassi and Rafael Nadal in the men's singles, Todd Woodbridge and Mark Woodforde in the men's doubles as a team, Daniel Nestor as a single player in the men’s doubles and Pam Shriver and Gigi Fernández as single players in the women’s doubles.

Players who have won all Grand Slam titles

Only three players, namely Doris Hart , Margaret Court and Martina Navratilova , has succeeded both in single and in double and mixed to win at least once any Grand Slam title.

Web links

Commons : Grand Slam (Tennis)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ B. Collins: History of Tennis. 2nd Edition. New Chapter Press, New York 2010, ISBN 978-0-942257-70-0 , p. 49.
  2. ↑ US Open: Diede de Groot wins the "Golden Slam". In: tennisnet.com. September 12, 2021, accessed September 21, 2021 .
Winner of the tournaments of the ATP Tour
Grand Slam

List of the winners of the Grand Slam tournaments (men’s singles)  • List of the winners of the Grand Slam tournaments (men’s doubles)

ATP Tour logo
ATP Tour Masters 1000 ATP-World-Tour-Masters-1000-Logo.png

List of winners of the Masters tournaments in tennis (singles)  • List of winners of the Masters tournaments in tennis (doubles)

ATP Tour 500 ATP-World-Tour-500-Logo.svg

List of winners of the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments (singles)  • List of winners of the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments (doubles)

ATP Tour 250 ATP-World-Tour-250-Logo.jpg

List of winners of the ATP World Tour 250 tournaments (singles)  • List of winners of the ATP World Tour 250 tournaments (doubles)