Guillaume II. Roger

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Guillaume II. Roger and his son on the hunt ( Papal Palace Avignon , Chambre du cerf (Deer Room), Robin de Romans , 14th century)

Guillaume II. Roger (also Rogier , both as a family name; * 1290 in the Manoir de Maumont in Rosiers-d'Égletons , † end of February 1380 in Cornillon ) was the eldest son of Guillaume I. Rogier and Guillaumette de Mestre, brother of Pope Clemens VI. (Pierre Roger) and father of Pope Gregory XI. (Pierre Roger). Clemens' career in the church made his older brother's family one of the most respected in Provence and all of France: Guillaume II. Roger, as head of the family, benefited from donations made to the Pope. So he became Baron of Pertuis and Saint-Remy , Viscount de Lamothe and Valernes , Comte de Beaufort and d ' Alais .

Life

Pierre Roger became Abbot of Fécamp in 1326 , Bishop of Arras in 1328 , Archbishop of Rouen in 1330 and President of the Chamber of Accounts ( Chambre des comptes ). The clergyman, one of King Philip VI's favorites . of France knew how to use the royal favor. His older brother, who had received the Chambon feud in 1331 in the Combrailles (in the northwest of the Massif Central ), was ennobled in 1332.

Compilation of fiefs under the pontificate of Clement VI.

Pierre Roger's income as Archbishop of Rouen was the largest in France and was carefully invested. On October 8, 1333, Guillaume II was able to buy Roger from Bernard, Viscount de Ventadour Rosiers, on May 12, 1336 he paid homage to Mary of Flanders, widow of Count Robert VII , Count of Auvergne and Boulogne, in relation to his Margerides castle , which he had just acquired. The neighboring fief of Saint-Exupéry-les-Roches was sold to him in 1338 by Aymery de Châlus.

Pierre Rogier was elected cardinal in 1338 and Pope (Clement VI) on May 19, 1342. On May 27, Philip VI granted. Guillaume II. Roger in counties Maine and Anjou 1,000 livres annuity per year. In the same year he received the fiefdom of Beaufort. After John of Normandy, Duke of Anjou, raised the fiefdom to a vice-county in 1344, Guillaume Roger had the castle restored in 1345. Then the king turned it into a county and freed the new count from the Chevauchée .

On September 25, 1343, Guillaume II. Roger von Humbert II. De la Tour-du-Pin , Dauphin von Viennois , acquired the Veyre-Monton castle and the lordships of Pont-du-Château , Monton , Aubusson , Aurouze ), Saint-Martial , Chanteuges and Langeac . These fiefs, which belonged to the Domaine royal , were on April 23, 1343 by Philip VI. to Humbert II in connection with the handover of the Dauphiné . The sale was confirmed on November 19th of the same year. The Lamothe vicarage was bought by Armand de Roquefeuil in 1344. On May 3, 1352, Raymond de Chambarlhac de Lherm, Damoiseau, Guillaume II paid homage to Roger, Comte de Beaufort, whose vassal he was in the Barony of Fay.

Presents from Queen Joan of Naples

In 1348 Queen Johanna I of Naples fled to Provence. In order to regain her property in southern Italy, she sold Avignon to the Pope for 80,000 florins in exchange for papal absolution on any suspicion in connection with the murder of her husband Andrew of Hungary . Out of gratitude, she gave Guillaume Roger the fiefdom of Valernes , which in 1350 was made a vice-county by patent letter . Valernes, a fortress since the 11th century, blocked the middle reaches of the Durance . The new vice-county comprised the towns of Bayons , Vaumeilh , la Motte , Bellaffaire , Gigors , Lauzet , les Mées , Mézel , Entrevennes and le Castellet with their jurisdiction and dependent areas.

In 1353 Johanna gave the towns of Saint-Rémy , Pertuis , Meyrargues , les Pennes and Séderon to Guillaume II. Roger because of the support she received from the Pope .

Guillaume II. Roger makes Guillaume III. Roger to his sole heir

Guillaume III. Roger was declared of legal age on November 28, 1349 ( emancipation ). The father gave his son the entire estate in the Limousin with the title of Count of Beaufort, the fiefdoms in Auvergne bordering the Limousin and half of the lands in Provence and the county of Forcalquier .

Guillaume Roger as a military

Guillaume II. Roger took part in the Battle of Poitiers (1356) . He was captured and should be released for a ransom. The immediate result was to get his younger son Nicolas Roger de Beaufort out of the monastery. To release the son of his vows and to collect the ransom for himself, he left the cardinals in the family.

Guillaume II. Roger was at war with the Duke of Berry in Auvergne in the second half of 1369. The following year he took part with Louis II. De Bourbon in the siege of Belleperche Castle in the Bourbonnais .

Molinier reports in his "Histoire du Languedoc" of a letter from 1376 in which Guillaume II. Roger objected to the English-friendly behavior of Bernard Pelet, co-signer of Alès, in his county. He was supported by an English agent, Pierre de Galard, who was known in the Cevennes under the diminutive Perrot and was described as big and evil.

Further land acquisition under Gregory XI.

For his nephew Raymond , Gregory XI. in Marie de Boulogne, niece in law of King John II. a prestigious match. On October 28, 1375, Raymond received her rule of Saint-Just-en-Champagne by treaty , while her brother John II of Boulogne sold the rule of Combrailles for 30,000 francs as Guillaume Roger; these were the places Chambon-sur-Voueize , Évaux-les-Bains (Evaon), Semur and Stusanie.

Verfeil in the valley of the Seye was bought by Guillaume Roger on August 23, 1379 on the occasion of the coming of age of his son Raymond, Viscount de Valernes.

Marriages and children

Beaufort turenne.jpg

Guillaume II. Rogier married Marie de Chambon in 1325, from whom he had ten children:

  1. Guillaume III. Roger de Beaufort , * 1326, of age 1349, † 1394, Comte de Beaufort, Viscount de Turenne; for a long time prisoner of the Captal de Buch
  2. Pierre Roger , * 1329, † 1378, 1371 Pope Clement VI.
  3. NN Roger, * 1342, of age 1360, † 1383/89, Comte de Beaufort
  4. Nicolas Roger , Seigneur de Limeuil
  5. Jean Roger de Beaufort , Archbishop of Auch and Archbishop of Narbonne
  6. Elipse Roger dite de Beaufort, ∞ I. Guillaume de La Tour House La Tour d'Auvergne ); ∞ II. Aymar V. de Poitiers, Comte de Valentinois ( House of Poitiers-Valentinois
  7. Dauphine de Beaufort ∞ Hugues de la Roche , Marshal of the Papal Court in Rome, Rector of the Comtat Venaissin
  8. Math de Beaufort∞ Guy de la Tour ( House La Tour d'Auvergne )
  9. Marguerite de Beaufort ∞ Géraud II. De Ventadour, Seigneur de Donzenac ( House Comborn )
  10. Marie de Beaufort, † 1379; ∞ I. Guérin VII. De Châteauneuf, Seigneur d'Apchier, ∞ II. Raymond II. De Nogaret, Seigneur de Calvisson

Marie de Chambon died in 1344. His second wife was Guérine de Canillac, whom he married in 1345. He had two children from her

  1. Marquis de Beaufort, took his mother's name, Viscount de Lamotte and Seigneur de Canillac
  2. Jeanne de Beaufort

Guérine de Canillac died in 1359. His third marriage was in 1368 with Catherine d'Adhémar, Guillaume was already 53 years old. His wife (* 1336) was the daughter of Doulceline Gaucelin de Graveson and Lambert d'Adhémar, Sire de Monteil, and sister of Hugues, Seigneur de la Garde, formerly Sénéchal de Beaucaire. These Adhémar were a branch of the Poitiers-Valentinois family . From this marriage he had a son:

  1. Raymond, who inherited the vice-county of Valernes, † 1420.

In addition, he had an illegitimate son, Tristan, le Bâtard de Beaufort

testament

Ruins of Cornillon Castle over the Cèze Valley

The Comte de Beaufort wrote his will on August 27, 1379 at Corneillon Castle, to which he had retired. Shortly before his death, on January 16 and 17, 1380, he added two points to his will: his son Guillaume became his executor, his third son inherited the title of Count of Beaufort. He died in Cornillon Castle at the end of February 1380.

Ruins of the former castle chapel in Cornillon

literature

  • Père Anselme , Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la Maison royale de France, des pairs… Volume 6, p. 315f.
  • Francisque Micolon, Un frère de Clément VI: Guillaume Roger de Beaufort, vicomte de Lamothe , Almanach de Brioude et de son arrondissement, Volume 17, 1936,
  • Régis Veydarier, Raymond de Turenne, la deuxième maison d'Anjou et de Provence: étude d'une rébellion nobiliaire à la fin du Moyen Âge , thèse de l'Université de Montréal (Québec) 1994.

Web links

  • Jean-Marie Schio, Guillaume II Roger de Beaufort ( online )
  • Jean-Pierre Saltarelli, Les seigneurs de Cornillon au XIVe siècle ( online )

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Schio
  2. ^ École nationale des chartres, Positions des thèses soutenues par les élèves de la promotion de 1996
  3. ↑ Guillaume Roger's grandfather was Seigneur de Rosiers (see Père Anselme), albeit as a feudal man of the Viscount de Ventadour; the purchase of Rosiers should therefore relate to the removal of this dependency
  4. ↑ a b Saltarelli
  5. ↑ Aurouze and Saint-Martial are in the Cantal department , Chanteuges and Langeac in the Haute-Loire department , Aubusson, Monton, Pont-du-Château and Veyre-Monton in the Puy-de-Dôme department
  6. ↑ Micolon, p. 45.
  7. ↑ Bernard Guinard, Fiche de Raymond de Chambarlhac de Lherm ( online
  8. ↑ Édouard de Laplane, Histoire de Sisteron, tirée de ses archives , Digne, 1845, Volume 1, p. 126.
  9. ^ Provence historique , Volume 44, 1994, p. 142.
  10. ↑ The document is in the archives of the Bouches-du-Rhône department under B 1431, f ° 37 r °. In a letter dated November 24, 1349 the father wrote: Fili carissime, quia hodie fuerat terminus impressus et assignatus ad eligendi duas partes terrarum et locorum meorum immobilium per dominum nostrum papam (...) ideo, eligi totum patrimonium meum Lemovicinum ubi natus sum cum titulo et terra mea de Belloforti, pro una parte, et quia terra Alvernie contigua est Lemovicino ideoque pro alia parte elegi dictam terram meam Alvernie cum terra de Folhnel et Armaniaci ac medietate terrarum que sunt in comitatibus Provincie et Forcalquerii et universaliter citra Rodanum i peruxta divisionem factam dominum nostrum papam. Date Avinione, satis tarde, the Sabbath XXVIII mensis novembris Anno Domini M ° CCC ° XLIX
  11. ^ Revue du Midi , Volume 9, Part 2, 1895.
  12. ↑ M. Joullietton, Histoire de la Marche et du pays de Combrailles , T. I, Guéret, 1814
  13. ^ Document from Cornillon in the Diocese of Uzès
personal data
SURNAME Guillaume II. Roger
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French nobleman, Count of Beaufort
DATE OF BIRTH 1290
PLACE OF BIRTH Manoir de Maumont, Rosiers-d'Égletons
DATE OF DEATH February 1380
Place of death Cornillon