Holzheim (Pohlheim)

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Holzheim
City of Pohlheim
Holzheim coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 29 ′ 13 ″  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 13 ″  E
Height : 225  (224–243)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 8.61 km²
Residents : 2423  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 281 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 35415
Area code : 06004

Holzheim is a district of the town of Pohlheim in the central Hessian district of Gießen .

Geographical location

Holzheim is located on the Upper German Limes on the edge of the Wetterau in Central Hesse . State roads 3132 and 3133 meet in the village. In the south lies the Gambacher Kreuz, which connects the federal highway 5 and the federal highway 45 with each other.

history

The small fort seen from the Limeswall

The village was first mentioned in a document on May 24, 790 in the Lorsch Codex . In 793 the own church came to the Lorsch monastery . The Evangelical Reformed Church was built between 1631 and 1633 . In 1952 the new school was added, in 1960 the new Catholic Church of St. Matthew.

From the 17th century until the 1930s there was a Jewish community with its own synagogue . In 1939 the place belonged to the district of Gießen and had 1176 inhabitants.

The municipality of Pohlheim was founded on December 31, 1970 as part of the regional reform in Hesse through the voluntary amalgamation of the municipalities of Dorf-Güll , Garbenteich , Grüningen , Hausen , Holzheim and Watzenborn-Steinberg . For Holzheim, as for the other former municipalities of Pohlheim, a local district with a local advisory council and local councilor was formed according to the Hessian municipal code.

In 2010 the place celebrated its 12xx year celebration. This stands for the 1220th anniversary, with which the unusual 1200th birthday was celebrated.

Historical forms of names

In surviving documents, Holzheim was mentioned under the following place names (the year it was mentioned in brackets):

  • Holzheim , in (790) [2. Half of the XII century, Codex Laureshamensis III, No. 2978 = 3757a]
  • Holzheimer marca , in (790) [2. Half of the XII century, Codex Laureshamensis III, No. 2978 = 3757a]
  • Holzheim , in villa (792) [2. Half of the XII century, Codex Laureshamensis III, No. 3772 = 3759e]
  • Holzeim , in (805) [2. Half of the XII century, Codex Laureshamensis III, No. 3724c]
  • Holzheim , in (1152) [MGH Diplomata Kings 10, Friedrich I.: Appelt T. 1, No. 38]
  • minori et maiori Holzheim , in (1287) [Document book of the Arnsburg monastery 3, no. 218]
  • Hulzheim , zhu (1337) [Document book of the Arnsburg monastery 3, no. 678]
  • Hultzhem , von (1358) [Document book of the Arnsburg monastery 3, no. 861]

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Holzheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

  • 790: weather (bad)
  • 1210 and later: Grüningen court, but in 1333 it was called a Holzheimer Zentgraf
  • from 1478: Holy Roman Empire , County of Solms-Braunfels , Butzbach office
  • from 1627: Holy Roman Empire, County of Solms-Braunfels, Gambach office
  • from 1742: Holy Roman Empire, Principality of Solms-Braunfels, Gambach office
  • from 1806: Grand Duchy of Hesse (through the Rhine Confederation Act ), Upper Duchy of Hesse , Gambach (of the Principality of Solms-Braunfels)
  • from 1815: German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse , Gambach Office (of Prince Solms-Braunfels)
  • from 1820: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, Gambach Office ( Patrimonial Court: Jurisdiction Wölfersheim of Prince Solms-Braunfels)
  • from 1822: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District District Hungen (separation between justice ( District Court Hungen ; 1822 the rights of the "civil registry office Wölfersheim" were transferred to the district court, where they were exercised on behalf of the registry lords) and administration)
  • from 1841: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District of Hungen
  • from 1848: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Friedberg District
  • from 1852: German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District of Gießen
  • from 1867: North German Confederation , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District of Gießen
  • from 1871: German Empire , Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District of Gießen
  • from 1874: German Empire, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Province of Upper Hesse, District of Gießen
  • from 1918: German Empire, People's State of Hesse , Province of Upper Hesse, District of Gießen
  • from 1945: American zone of occupation , Greater Hesse , Darmstadt administrative district, Gießen district
  • from 1949: Federal Republic of Germany , State of Hesse , Darmstadt administrative district, Gießen district
  • On December 31, 1970, Holzheim was incorporated as a district after Pohlheim.
  • from 1977: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Darmstadt administrative district, Lahn-Dill district
  • from 1979: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Darmstadt district, Gießen district
  • from 1981: Federal Republic of Germany, State of Hesse, Gießen district, Gießen district

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus from 1806 the “Patrimonial Court of the Princes Solms-Braunfels” in Gambach and later Wölfersheim was responsible for Holzheim. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The second instance for the patrimonial courts were the civil law firms. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance 1821–1822 were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. From 1822, the princes of Solms-Braunfels let the Grand Duchy of Hesse exercise their court rights on their behalf. “ Landgericht Hungen ” was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Holzheim. The prince also waived his right to the second instance, which was exercised by the law firm in Hungen. It was only as a result of the March Revolution in 1848 that the special rights of the civil servants became final with the “Law on the Relationships of Classes and Noble Court Lords” of April 15, 1848 canceled. Due to the reorganization of the judicial districts in the province of Upper Hesse with effect from October 15, 1853, Holzheim came to the Lich district court .

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to "Lich Local Court" and allocation to the district of the regional court of Giessen . At the same time, Holzheim was assigned to the Butzbach District Court . In 2004 the Butzbach District Court was dissolved and its area was added to the Friedberg District Court . The superordinate instances are now the Regional Court of Giessen , the Higher Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population development

Holzheim: Population from 1830 to 1967
year     Residents
1830
  
 966
1834
  
 1,082
1840
  
 1.108
1846
  
 1,154
1852
  
 1,285
1858
  
 1,203
1864
  
 1,182
1871
  
 1,149
1875
  
 1,119
1885
  
 1,158
1895
  
 1,071
1905
  
 1,168
1910
  
 1,163
1925
  
 1,182
1939
  
 1,176
1946
  
 1,859
1950
  
 1,840
1956
  
 1,702
1961
  
 1,648
1967
  
 1,705
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 965 Protestant, 1 Roman Catholic, 27 Jews
• 1961: 1318 Protestant, 326 Roman Catholic inhabitants

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1961: Labor force: 300 agriculture and forestry, 364 prod. Trade, 93 trade, traffic and communication, 80 services and other.

coat of arms

"In a gold shield there is a blue linden tree growing on a blue shield base, next to two red roses with white buds and green leaves". The coat of arms was developed from the old court seal of Holzheim from 1747. The linden tree reminds of the old court seat of Holzheim. Gold and blue are the colors of Solms, and the red roses are part of the coat of arms of the House of Solms-Wildenfels .

Attractions

Infrastructure

literature

Web links

Commons : Holzheim (Pohlheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Holzheim, Gießen district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 19, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Numbers and dates. Population structure. (No longer available online.) In: Website. City of Pohlheim, archived from the original on April 16, 2019 ; accessed in April 2019 .
  3. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [trans.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 5), Certificate 2978, May 24th 790 - Reg. 2189. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 44 , accessed on May 7, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Amalgamation of communities to form the community "Pohlheim", district of Gießen on January 6, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 140 , point 165 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  5. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 307 .
  6. ↑ main statute. (PDF; 97 kB) § 6. In: Website. Municipality of Pohlheim, accessed August 2020 .
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 21, 438 ( online at google books ).
  10. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 424 ( online at Google Books ).
  11. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 135 ( online at Google Books ).
  12. ↑ Theodor Hartleben (Ed.): General German Justice, Camera and Police Fama, Part 1 . tape 2 . Johann Andreas Kranzbühler, 1832, p. 271 ( online at Google Books ).
  13. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  14. ↑ Announcement of October 4, 1853,
    1) the repeal of the grand ducal district courts Großkarben and Rödelheim, and the establishment of new district courts in Vilbel and Altenstadt, furthermore the relocation of the district court seat from Altenschlirf to Herbstein;
    2) Concerning the future composition of the district court districts in the province of Upper Hesse. ( Hess. Reg.Bl. pp. 640–641)
  15. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).