Hornachos

Hornachos municipality
Hornachos - town view
coat of arms	Map of Spain
Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Extremadura
Province :	Badajoz
Comarca :	Tierra de Barros
Coordinates	38 ° 33 ′  N , 6 ° 4 ′  W Coordinates: 38 ° 33 ′  N , 6 ° 4 ′  W
Height :	490  msnm
Area :	295.94 km²
Residents :	3,595 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density :	12.15 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	06228
Municipality number  ( INE ):	06069
administration
Website :	Hornachos

Hornachos is a small town and a municipality ( municipio ) with 3,595 inhabitants (as of 2019) in the center of the Spanish province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura .

location

The place Hornachos is located at the foot of the Sierra de Hornachos , part of the Sierra Morena a good 125 km southeast of the provincial capital Badajoz or approx. 60 km southeast of Mérida at an altitude of about 450 to 530 m above sea level. d. The climate in winter is temperate, in summer it is warm to hot; the rather low amounts of precipitation (approx. 570 mm / year) fall - with the exception of the almost rainless summer months - distributed over the whole year.

Population development

year	1857	1900	1950	2000	2016
Residents	3,705	4,605	7,326	3,861	3,709

The significant population decline in the second half of the 20th century is mainly due to the mechanization of agriculture and the resulting loss of jobs.

economy

The people of earlier times lived essentially on farming as self-sufficiency ; Traders, craftsmen and service providers of all kinds also settled in the village.

history

The presence of prehistoric people is evidenced by rock paintings ; Celts and Romans mined iron ore in the mountains of the Sierra ; Visigoth traces are missing. In the early 8th century the region was overrun by the Moors , who settled under the Leonese King Alfonso IX around 400 years later . (r. 1188-1230) with Christian reconquest aspirations for the first time ( reconquista ) had come to terms, but from the Almohad to the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa was stopped (1212). The final reconquest of the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula took place under the Leonese-Castilian King Ferdinand III. (reg. 1230-1252). In 1235 he handed the place over to the Order of Santiago , who pursued a rather tolerant policy towards Jews and Muslims . With the Alhambra Edict of the Catholic Kings Isabella I and Ferdinand II , all Jews who had not converted were initially expelled from Spain; under Philip III. (ruled 1598–1621) and his first minister, the Duke of Lerma , also expelled the Moors (or Moriscus ) between 1609 and 1615 .

Attractions

Hornachos - Castillo

• The fortress ( castillo or alcazaba ) is located on a mountain range towering over the place. The rammed earth technique used here suggests that it was commissioned by the Almohads towards the end of the 12th century. The following Santiagoorden carried out repairs and additions, which can be easily recognized by the rubble stone used and the lime mortar .
• The Pilar de Palomas is a stone slab adorned with the coat of arms of the Catholic Monarchs, which for centuries has served as the front plate of a well supplied with water via a short aqueduct .
• The Iglesia Parroquial de la Purísima Concepción has an impressive multi-storey bell tower . The three naves are separated by brick arcades; the entire space is covered by an open roof structure .
• The Iglesia Conventual de San Ildefonso was built around 1530; its facade is dominated by a two-part bell gable .
• The former granary (Pósito) of the place is an Interpretation Center de la Cultura Morisca been converted.

Web links

Commons : Hornachos  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Hornachos, sights - photos + brief information (spanish)
• Hornachos, history etc. - photos + information (Spanish)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
2. ↑ Hornachos - map with altitude information
3. ↑ Hornachos - climate tables
4. ↑ Hornachos - population development
5. ↑ Hornachos - History