Sedov (ship)
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The Sedov ( Russian Седов , in German also known under the transcription Sedow ), ex Commodore Johnsen (1936), built as Magdalene Vinnen II (1921), is a four-masted barque (sailing ship) built of steel with an auxiliary engine (so-called auxiliary sailor ), which used by the Soviet Union and today by Russia as a sailing training ship . It was named after the Russian naval officer and polar explorer Georgi Jakowlewitsch Sedov . The Sedov is the largest traditional sailing ship in the world and the second largest ever, surpassed only by the new Royal Clipper .
Ship history
The ship was launched on March 23, 1921 as Magdalene Vinnen II at the Germania shipyard in Kiel . It was the second ship named after the wife of the Bremen shipowner Adolf Vinnen that sailed for the shipping company FA Vinnen (Bremen). The first Magdalene Vinnen I (ex Dunstaffnage ), built in 1892 , also a four-masted barque, which was measured with 3,317 GRT and 3,129 NRT , came to FA Vinnen in 1911 and was demolished in Italy after the First World War in 1921 as a reparation payment. The Magdalene Vinnen II sailed among other things after 1931 in the Australian wheat voyage and until 1931 in the Chilean saltpeter voyage , where she circled Cape Horn several times and is therefore one of the Cape Horniers .
In 1936 she was acquired by Norddeutscher Lloyd , who was looking for a large sailing ship to operate as a cargo-carrying sailing training ship. It was renamed after the Lloyd captain and Commodore Nikolaus Johnsen (1869-1930) and was henceforth called Commodore Johnsen . At the beginning of March 1937, on a return trip from Buenos Aires to Hamburg, she narrowly escaped sinking, when near the Azores in a storm that developed into a hurricane , the grain bulkhead under hatch III gave way and her cargo (4,963 Tons of wheat). Despite the attempts of the crew , the cargo on the open seas turn trim , heeled the ship on the morning of March 3, 1937 up to 56 °. The captain Otto Lehmberg finally radioed SOS and the Dutch freighter Sliedrecht and the German tanker Winkler rushed to help. Eventually the tanker dumped oil into the sea to reduce the power of the waves. The storm subsided somewhat in the evening of the day, whereupon the trimming of the cargo was successful enough to save the Commodore Johnsen and allow it to continue on its own. The incident occurred almost exactly 20 years before the sinking of the Pamir , which was largely caused by a shift in the grain load after the longitudinal bulkhead broke, and the near miss of the Passat due to such a shift, both also on the Buenos Aires-Hamburg route got into severe storms.
After the Second World War , the ship came into British possession in May 1945 and on December 20, 1945 as reparation payment to the Soviet Union, which moved it to Odessa . In January 1946, the ship was given its current name, which is engraved with the two previous names and the year on a brass ribbon on the steering wheel. As a sailing training ship owned by the Soviet Ministry of Fisheries, the Sedov began her first voyage in 1951. From 1952 to 1957 she served as a training ship for the Soviet Navy. Several friendship visits under various naval captains took them to South America and Africa. From 1957 to 1966 she was with cadets on board as an oceanographic research ship in the Atlantic. During this time, the entire running rigging was renewed according to the original rigging plans. In 1966 she moved to her new owner, the Soviet Ministry of Fisheries. Their berth was the Neva in what was then Leningrad . After a few training rides in the Gulf of Finland was in Kronstadt launched . According to the entry in the Lloyd's register, she was not recorded as a sailing ship from 1967 to 1982. Between 1975 and 1981 she was then in dry dock at the Kronstadt naval shipyard, where she was completely overhauled. The hull was derusted, repaired and provided with anti-rust paint, after which it was painted white. 500 tons of solid ballast were installed, plus 1,000 tons of ballast, drinking water and fuel in the double-bottom tanks. The former intermediate deck holds that had been expanded were set up to accommodate more than 240 men. In addition, the four-masted barque has corresponding sports, training and classrooms with film and video equipment. The glass-vaulted ballroom with a stage and a small attached museum on the history of the ship and that of its namesake is unique on a sailor. Since then, the ship has been used purely as a training ship. In May 1982 the Sedov entered the port of the Hanseatic city for the 793rd Hamburg port birthday. Here she was also visited by her former captain Gottfried Clausen (April 1, 1937 - May 8, 1945), who was warmly welcomed by Captain Prewoztschikow. In the same year, former cadets of North German Lloyd met for their annual meeting on the barque, which was then in Bremerhaven . On the occasion of the visit of the then 51-year-old ship in its old home port, the city organized a history exhibition about the former Commodore Johnsen ex Magdalene Vinnen II.
In 1991 the State Technical University of Murmansk , formerly the State Academy of the Fishing Fleet, became the owner of the ship. Because of the very cold in their home port Murmansk during the winter months, the owner tries to have the ship winter more often in German ports, most recently in the winters 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 in Warnemünde.
In the summer of 2005, the Sedov was used as a location for the television film Der Untergang der Pamir , which is based on the sinking of the four-masted barque Pamir in September 1957. The previously white hull of the Sedov was specially painted black with a red underwater hull and a white water pass, the traditional colors of the ships of the F. Laeisz shipping company, famous for its Flying P- Liners , to which the Pamir once belonged. After filming was completed, the Sedov kept her new hull colors. In the meantime, the hull has been painted white again.
Sedov has been owned by the Kaliningrad State Technical University since April 2017 .
In addition to its main task as a training ship for cadets, since 1989 it has been possible for those interested to sail on the Sedov as an active part of the crew. As a “floating museum”, the Sedov is always a welcome guest in all ports around the world. So she is u. a. Regulars at the Hamburg Harbor Birthday, at the Kiel Week and at the annual "Weekend on the Jade" in Wilhelmshaven and can be viewed there. In May 2011 she took part in the meeting of tall ships on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Passat in Travemünde.
Political incident
On April 10, 2019, the Estonian authorities banned the entry of the barque with 112 cadets on board into the territorial waters of the country and stated that students from the Kerch State Marine Technological University "from the occupied Crimea " were on board. During the onward journey, the Polish authorities also refused entry to the port of Gdynia on April 12 . The background to the decision is that the EU states Estonia and Poland strongly condemn and do not recognize "the illegal annexation" of Crimea by Russia in 2014. The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine Pavlo Klimkin responded to the incident with benevolent appreciation. A spokeswoman for the Russian Foreign Ministry criticized Estonia's decision as an "unfriendly and provocative step".
On April 14, 2019, the Sedov entered Rostock-Warnemünde unmolested . On April 16, the sailor left Rostock at 3:17 p.m. M. Skagen to be reached as the next port.
Technical specifications
- Loading capacity as a freighter: 5,340 t
- Height of mast above water: 58 m
- Sail area : 3,117 m² square and 1,075 m² sloping sail
- Crew : as a merchant ship: approx. 30 men; as a training ship today: 55–60 men regular crew, plus up to 110 cadets and up to 44 paying fellow sailors
The Commodore Johnsen on the pier in Buenos Aires in 1939
The ship's bell of the Commodore Johnsen
Sail training ship Sedov 2003 in Kiel
Sail training ship Sedov 2006 painted in F. Laeisz colors
On the Sedov at the Open Ship 2007 in Cuxhaven
The Sedov in Hamburg at the Cruise Days 2008
The Sedov leads the run parade at the 820th anniversary of the Port of Hamburg
The original ship's measurement certificate in the ship's own museum at the Hanse Sail in Warnemünde, August 7, 2010
The Sedov on the North Sea between Cuxhaven and Helgoland
literature
- Jochen Brennecke: Windjammer. The great report on the development, travels and fate of the "Queens of the Seven Seas" . 3. Edition. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1984, ISBN 3-7822-0009-8 .
- Hans Jörg Furrer: The four- and five-mast square sailors in the world . Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1984, ISBN 3-7822-0341-0 , p. 147.
- Martin Lee: Sailing in the Magdalene Vinnen in 1998 . In: Sea Breezes , Volume 72, Liverpool 1998, pp. 860-868
- Otto Georg Erich Mielke: SOS - Fates of German Ships - No. 105 four-masted barque "Commodore Johnsen". The largest motor glider in the world . Moewig Verlag, Munich 1956.
Web links
- German-language website of Sedov
- Portrait, photos and plans of Magdalene Vinnen II
- Profile of Magdalene Vinnen (II) on oktett.net (English)
- Sedov page from ESYS
Footnotes
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↑ Jens Janssen: SOS - Fates of German Ships - No. 173 Sailing training ship "Pamir" - The tragedy in the North Atlantic . Munich, 1959. (9th page of the text)
Commodore Johnsen. 1936-1945 . ( Memento of September 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) sedov.info (English) accessed February 28, 2008 - ^ Kerch State Marine Technological University
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↑ Estonia and Poland refuse entry to the Russian training ship , t-online , April 13, 2019
Incident from a Russian perspective. newsde.eu, April 14, 2019, RIA Novosti - ↑ Source of the trip data: " MarineTraffic ".