Joseph Anton Gall

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Joseph Anton Gall

Joseph Anton Gall (born March 27, 1748 in Weil der Stadt ; † June 18, 1807 in Linz ) was a Catholic clergyman, educator and bishop of Linz.

Life

Joseph Anton Gall was born in Weil der Stadt in 1748 as the fifth of eleven children of the cloth merchant and tobacco manufacturer Anton Gall . His father held the office of mayor in the then free imperial city from 1756 to 1791 . After studying theology and philosophy in Heidelberg , he entered the seminary in Bruchsal (residence of the prince-bishops of Speyer ), where he was ordained a priest for the diocese of Speyer in 1772 .

As early as 1773 he went to Vienna , where he - after training with the reformer of the Austrian educational system, Abbot Johann Ignaz von Felbiger - worked as a catechist at the normal school. After being appointed court chaplain in 1778, Gall became pastor in Burgschleinitz and senior director of the schools in Lower Austria in 1779 . In this capacity he introduced the Socratic method in the classroom, a questioning method to promote intellectual performance (instead of a one-sided emphasis on memory performance). On April 22nd, 1787 it was invested as a cathedral scholaster of the Vienna cathedral and metropolitan chapter.

In 1788, Emperor Joseph II appointed him as successor to Ernest Johann Nepomuk von Herberstein as the second diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Linz , founded in 1784 , which Pope Pius VI. Confirmed on December 15, 1788. Consecration and enthronement took place in early 1789.

Bishop Gall quickly won the sympathy of the people of his diocese through his modest and selfless lifestyle. He supported the state and religious policy of Joseph II , which became known as Josephinism . As a cautious enlightener , he turned against superstitious practices and founded the theological-practical monthly in 1802 , in which he also published.

In 1799 he had the priest Martin Boos, who was disputed in Augsburg, come to his diocese (and in 1806 transferred the parish of Gallneukirchen to him ). Gall founded the Linz seminary in 1806 and equipped it partly from his own resources and gave it generously in his will. He died on June 18, 1807 in Linz and was buried there in the Old Cathedral . After the completion of the New Cathedral , his remains (like those of the other Bishops of Linz buried in the Old Cathedral) were moved to the new Cathedral in 1924.

Fonts

  • Concepts of God's loving arrangements and order to make people good and happy (Vienna 1778)
  • Introduction to religious instruction in conversations between mother and child (Vienna 1779)
  • Socrates among the Christians in the person of a village pastor, 3 volumes (Vienna 1783/84)
  • Instructions for knowing and worshiping God, along with instructions for happiness according to the life and teaching of Jesus (Vienna 1793)
  • God's loving arrangements to make people good and happy (Vienna 1795)

literature

  • Karl Werner :  Gall, Joseph Anton . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1878, p. 317 f.
  • Heinrich Ferihumer:  Gall, Joseph Anton. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, ISBN 3-428-00187-7 , p. 42 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Rudolf Zinnhobler (Ed.): The Bishops of Linz. OLV, Linz 1985, ISBN 3-85214-410-8 .
  • Antonie Albinger (Ed.): The letters of the Bishop of Linz Joseph Anton Gall († 1807) to his brother Johann Baptist Gall († 1821). In: New Archive for the History of the Diocese of Linz (NAGDL). 1st part: Volume 1, Linz 1981/82, pp. 86–101, online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at, 2nd part: Volume 2, Linz 1982/83, pp. 189–214, online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at.
  • Klaus Rommel: The letters of the Bishop of Linz Joseph Anton Gall († 1807) to his sister Maria Anna Gaess († 1816) in Freiburg im Breisgau. Lingen / Ems 2010.
  • Doris Leopold: The Vienna Cathedral Chapter of St. Stephen in its personal composition from the Reformation Ferdinand I to his elevation to the Metropolitan Chapter 1554–1722. Univ. Diss., Vienna 1947, pp. 65f.
  • Siegfried Rudolf Pichl: Joseph Anton Gall. Josephiner on the bishop's chair. Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt 2007.

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Ernest Johann Nepomuk von Herberstein Bishop of Linz
1789 - 1807 		Sigismund Ernst von Hohenwart
personal data
SURNAME Gall, Joseph Anton
BRIEF DESCRIPTION second bishop of the diocese of Linz
DATE OF BIRTH March 27, 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Because of the city
DATE OF DEATH June 18, 1807
Place of death Linz