Elsdorf (Cologne)
 district 708 of Cologne |
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 52 '19 " N , 7 ° 4' 51" E |
| surface | 1.766 km² |
| Residents | 1713 (Dec. 31, 2017) |
| Population density | 970 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Jan. 1, 1975 |
| Post Code | 51145 |
| prefix | 02203 |
| Borough | Porz (7) |
| Transport links | |
| Federal road |
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| Light rail lines | 7th |
| Bus routes | 162 |
| Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information | |
Elsdorf is a district in the Cologne district of Porz . In terms of population and area, Elsdorf is one of the smallest districts of Cologne.
location
Elsdorf lies at an altitude of about 50 to 55 m, about 2 km (as the crow flies) east of the Rhine loop near Porz. Elsdorf borders on Grengel and Wahnheide in the east with the federal autobahn 59 , on Wahn in the south and on the districts of Zündorf and Porz in the west with the S12 railway line ; in the north, the border with Urbach runs along Friedrich-Hirsch-Strasse and Friedensstrasse.
Until the completion of the new settlement area on the other side of the B 8, Elsdorf was a street village . The elongated old town center along today's Gilsonstrasse is built on a silted up former arm of the Rhine , which explains the relatively high groundwater level and the many pebbles in the gardens and on the adjacent fields.
history
In 1371 Elsdorf was mentioned in a document as Eygelstorp ; the place name is supposed to be derived from the name Eigil - the older generation, who have since died, still called the place Eilsdbod in dialect . Elsdorf has belonged to the Porz office in the Duchy of Berg since the Middle Ages . With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Berg (1806) and the restructuring of the administration based on the French model (1808), Elsdorf came to the Mairie Wahn in the canton of Mülheim in the Mülheim arrondissement in the Rhine department . Since 1815 Elsdorf belonged to Prussia and to the mayor's office Wahn and since 1929 to the city of Porz; since its incorporation in 1975 Elsdorf has been a district of Cologne.
Demographic statistics
Structure of the population of Cologne-Elsdorf:
- Proportion of under 18-year-olds: 19.8% (2014)
- Proportion of over 64-year-olds: 24.1% (2014)
- Proportion of foreigners: 11.7% (2015)
- Unemployment rate: 5.3% (2014)
Agriculture
As otherwise only the Libur district , Elsdorf is surrounded by agricultural land. These are all slightly higher than the historic town center and generally have fatter and more productive soils; the annual rainfall is between 750 and 800 mm. Grains such as wheat , barley , rye and maize are grown , as well as rapeseed and sugar beets , which are handed over for further processing in the mills and sugar refineries in the Porz and Cologne-Deutz areas.
Until the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s, the larger farmers also ran dairy farming and pig fattening on their farms . At that time, chickens were still kept by many families; they ran around in the yard and on the street, but had to be kept away from the house gardens.
Overall, the self-sufficiency economy was still predominant until the middle of the 20th century: The large gardens adjoining the houses were worked on and used for growing potatoes , asparagus and vegetables; also fruit trees (apples, pears, cherries, peaches, plums, mirabelle plums) stood here. In late autumn, potatoes and apples were stored in the cellars; Root vegetables (carrots, black salsify and beetroot etc.) were stored in small earth heaps until around Christmas. Apple compote, cherries, pears, plums, beans and peas as well as cucumbers, white and red cabbage etc. were preserved by boiling down or pickling them; Homemade sausages were smoked . Bread was baked by the families for a long time itself; only since the late 1940s there were two small grocery stores and a butcher in the village.
Townscape
Elsdorf essentially consists of two parts - the old town center west of federal highway 8 and the village extension east of the B 8. Two streets that meet at the village square define the traditional townscape - Gilsonstrasse, which describes a large curve (formerly “Dorfstrasse”) and the straight one to the east Direction running Hermann-Löns-Straße.
Old town center
- building
The oldest existing building in Elsdorf is the half-timbered house of the noble “Bergerhof” estate, built in 1789. Until this time Elsdorf could still be described as a hamlet consisting of a few farms, but in the 19th century - mostly as a result of inheritance divisions - the larger fields in today's center were divided among the children, so that those that were typical of Elsdorf for a long time elongated garden plots were created. Previously possibly existing simple peasant cottages made of clay or half-timbering were successively demolished and replaced towards the end of the century by 1½-storey buildings made of brick - mostly with no or only partial basement - which, however, were all plastered or clinkered in the 20th century and only of those few are preserved. With a floor space of only about 50 m² and less, these buildings had five rooms and a kitchen-cum-living-room (ceiling height of the ground floor approx. 2.30 m / upper floor 2.20 m), spread over two levels. A bathroom was not originally available, but was added or built in later; an outhouse was located next to the cattle shed, in which a sheep , a goat and / or a pig was kept. Between these mostly gable-side houses there were often less than 1 m wide so-called eaves lanes , which were used for fire protection as well as receiving and draining rainwater as well as supplying the cattle and removing manure .
The larger two-story buildings (ceiling height ground floor approx. 2.50 m / upper floor 2.40 m), most of which already had a bathroom in the house, date from the beginning of the 20th century ( Wilhelminian style ). These significantly higher buildings were both gable and eaves ; a border development was also desired since that time possible and both sides of the city and the citizens. As a result, almost all eaves alleys disappeared over time.
- Village square
In the center of Elsdorf while there is at the lowest point of the village remained a virtually triangular village square, which was created after filling up one located here formerly pond ( "Pohl"), the long as livestock watering was used and later as fire water pond a new use learned . The successor to the old “Pohl”, built in the 1930s, is located on today's children's playground, but has been filled with sand since the 1960s.
Resettlement
While parts of Hermann-Löns-Strasse were already built up around 1920, a new residential area with various, mostly 2½-storey residential and terraced houses was built east of the B 8 between 2006 and 2012. It is separated from the old town center by a noise protection wall around 4.50 m high along the B8.
religion
Elsdorf never had its own church and therefore no cemetery either - people went to the church of St. Bartholomew in Urbach, about 1.3 km away , for services . There is still a procession on Corpus Christi , during which an altar frame for a mass was erected in Elsdorf until the 1960s. At God's costume adorned carpets of flowers and colored sawdust the road over which the Urbacher pastor in a monstrance , the Host wore. The Heiligblut pilgrimage to Walldürn , which is closely related to the parish of Sankt Bartholomäus in Urbach , was adopted before the construction of the ICE line Cologne-Rhine / Main at the “ Heiligenhäuschen ” in Elsdorf.
regional customs
On the night of May 1st, a maypole ( birch ) will be erected on the village square, which will be removed at the end of the month; During the Advent season until shortly after the New Year there is a large decorated Christmas tree ( spruce ) in the same place . The carnival association "Fidele Elsdorfer" plays an important role in village life and every year equips a carriage decorated with paper flowers for the Porz parade .
Attractions
- The most beautiful building in Elsdorf is the "Bergerhof", a manor from the 18th and 19th centuries. Century. There are more former farms along Gilsonstrasse.
- One of the aldermen Johann Schmitz, tenants of the "Gister-" or "Kapitelhofs" in Elsdorf, Endowed thanksgiving or commemorative cross is dated to the 1760th
- Alone in the field, but framed by three linden trees , is the so-called “ Holy House ”, a Lady Chapel from 1925, which replaced a dilapidated previous building. Inside there is a plaque with the names of the dead from the two world wars.
See also
literature
- Johann Bendel : home book of the district of Mülheim am Rhein, history and description, sagas and stories. Cologne-Mülheim 1925.
- Christa Zingsheim: Crosses and wayside shrines in Cologne. JP Bachem-Verlag, Cologne 1981, ISBN 3-7616-0575-7 .
- Christian Schuh: Cologne's 85 districts. History, dates, facts, names. Emons, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-89705-278-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
- ↑ Cologne climate tables