Carl Beisbarth Sr.

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Portrait photo by Carl Beisbarth

Carl Friedrich Beisbarth (born January 31, 1808 in Stuttgart ; † November 24, 1878 there ) was a Württemberg architect of historicism of regional importance, as well as a restorer, monument conservator and designer of arts and crafts. In addition to his work as an architect, Beisbarth made a special contribution to the preservation of old German monuments. His son Carl Beisbarth jun. also worked as an architect.

Life

Carl Friedrich Beisbarth at the time the Lusthaus was taken up (1845)

origin

Carl Beisbarth was the third child of the carpenter and master craftsman Johann Christoph Beisbarth (1775–1825) and the carpenter's daughter Rosine Margaretha nee. Müller (1775–1826) was born on January 31, 1808 in Stuttgart in house number 16.

He had two older and two younger siblings, of whom only his sister Johanne Charlotte Pauline (1811-1828) survived childhood.

Around 1811, when Tübinger Strasse was being rebuilt in the Neue Vorstadt, Beisbarth's parents bought a plot of land there and built a house at number 17, which Carl later inherited.

education

Beisbarth attended grammar school until he was 14 and then began an apprenticeship as a carpenter with his father. His father died in 1825 when he was 17 years old, and his mother died a year later. In 1827 he took on an assistant position in Stuttgart in the office of the Württemberg senior building officer Friedrich Bernhard Adam von Groß , who also had a private building school. Groß built many stately villas in the classical style in Stuttgart and later also some public buildings.

In 1829 Beisbarth moved to Paris and worked in the studio of Charles Édouard Isabelle (1800–1880), who was then employed as the building inspector of the classical Magdalenenkirche . Here he devoted himself to the study of the Greek and Roman styles and developed an inclination towards the French monuments of the Middle Ages.

In May 1832 he traveled on foot via southern France and Switzerland to Munich, to the "German Athens". He won the admission competition for the Munich Art Academy and began his studies with the important Bavarian architect Friedrich von Gärtner . During this time he "acquired an undisputed skill in project planning", won first prize in a competition for the design of an anatomy and studied the new buildings under construction in Munich.

As the sole heir to “a beautiful fortune”, after completing his one-year studies in Munich in August 1833, he embarked on a three-year trip to Italy via Verona, Venice, Bologna and Florence to Rome, from there to Naples , Calabria and Sicily and back to Rome, where he stayed for a year between 1835 and 1836. More than the buildings of Roman and Greek antiquity, he was interested in buildings in the Romanesque and Gothic styles, but above all he paid “attention to the architecture of the Renaissance that was quite unusual for that time”.

Working life

Grave at the Fangelsbachfriedhof in Stuttgart, Department 09

At the beginning of 1837 he returned to Stuttgart from Italy, where he settled as a private architect. The attempt to qualify for civil service through the state examination failed because of his inadequate mathematical training, even though "his trial project was recognized as excellent". He built at least seven private buildings in Stuttgart and participated in the construction of public buildings, worked as a designer of handicrafts and as a restorer and curator.

In 1838 he built house no.19 on his parents 'property next to his parents' house at Tübinger Strasse 17, which he lived in until 1857. This house also seems to be the first building that he built himself.

family

On April 20, 1841, Beisbarth married Christiana Regine, 13 years his junior, Caroline Schwarz (1821–1887), the daughter of a master tailor. In 17 years, from 1842 to 1859, she gave birth to eight children, five girls and three boys. Two sons of Beisbarth also became architects:

  • Carl Julius Beisbarth (1844–1881)
  • Carl Beisbarth jun. (1848–1903) was also a recognized architect who built many private buildings in Stuttgart.

Most of the children died in their twenties to forties, only Carl Beisbarth jun. was 55 years old. The daughter Maria Luise (1845–1886) married the engineer Richard Nübling (1844–1908 ) in 1873 , with whom Carl Beisbarth jun. at times entered into a law firm.

Beisbarth lived at Tübinger Strasse 17 until 1839 and moved to his newly built house at Tübinger Strasse 19 in 1840 or 1841. From 1858 until his death he lived in a rented apartment at Hauptstätter Strasse 61. Why he gave up his own house is not known.

End of life

Beisbarth died at the age of 70 on November 24, 1878 in Stuttgart. He was buried in the Fangelsbach cemetery in Stuttgart. His wife, who followed him into death in 1887, and the three unmarried children Carl Julius and Carl Friedrich jun. Are buried in the same grave . and (Caroline Friederike) Mathilde (1849-1885).

Works

Villa Single, 1872
Villa Bohnenberger, 1872
The market fountain in Urach, drawing template for the restoration, 1859 or earlier
Draft drawing for the pulpit of the Leonhardskirche in Stuttgart, 1860
Construction of the New Lusthaus, interior view of the ground floor, 1845
Design for a communion jug, 1863

Because of the large number of Beisbarth's works, it is not possible to cite sources for every work.

Beisbarth was an excellent and extremely fruitful draftsman. The versatile artist did not limit himself to his profession as an architect, but also worked as a restorer and monument conservator, as a church decorator and designer of arts and crafts objects. In addition, he occasionally wrote articles for magazines and took building recordings for his own or third-party publications.

His main works include some private buildings and the monumental construction of the New Lusthaus . The multitude of his works in the various creative fields is impressive.

Private buildings

Apart from his own house, which Beisbarth built in 1838 "with Romanesque style motifs" at Tübinger Strasse 19 and which was then considered to be "one of the most handsome buildings in the city", he built at least six other historicist private buildings in Stuttgart, three of which stand out in particular :

  • The villa of the publisher Albert Ebner (1811–1879) from 1866 to 1867 at Sophienstrasse 1 B, a building in the neo-Renaissance style .
  • The Villa Bohnenberger from 1872 in Olgastrasse 11, a building in a "gracing renaissance ".
  • Villa Single from 1872 at Mörikestrasse 18, a building "with echoes of the Russian style" that was demolished in 1910.

Around 1864 he established the St. Anna Asylum for poor, physically handicapped girls for Miss Mathilde Escher on Bahnhofstrasse in Zurich .

Public buildings

In addition, Beisbarth took part in the construction of public buildings, for which he himself was out of the question as an architect because he had not passed the state examination:

As part of his monument preservation work, he drafted the plan for the restoration of the market fountain in Bad Urach in 1859 , which was carried out from 1861 to 1864.

Churches

Beisbarth developed a rich work for the preservation and restoration of churches and their interior decoration. In acquiring his numerous sacred commissions, he benefited from the fact that he had been a committee member of the association for Christian art since 1859 and was occasionally also active as the author of the association's organ, the Christian art journal for church, school and home .

At least eight sacred buildings owe their restoration to him :

He designed new churches for the communities of Willmandingen and Oberdorf am Ipf , but they were never realized. In addition, he created a large number of designs for the interior decoration of churches:

Building recordings

Beisbarth also used his great and fruitful talent for drawing in the service of monument preservation and to spread the appreciation for old German art. For this purpose, he created building recordings, some of which were also published:

  • Acceptance of the abbot's chair in the Maulbronn monastery church.
  • Contributions to Carl Alexander von Heideloff's The Art of the Middle Ages in Swabia from 1855.
  • Building recordings of the Frauenkirche, Dionysiuskirche, Paulskirche and Georgskirche in Esslingen, which were published in 1856 in a supplement to the art of the Middle Ages in Swabia .
  • Construction start of the New Lusthaus . Originals are kept in the Stuttgart University Library. Digital copies in the "Digital Collections" of the University Library.

This construction survey is one of the greatest achievements of the architect and monument conservator Beisbarth. In 1844 he was given the management of the partial demolition of the New Lusthaus , which had to give way in favor of the new building of the court theater . In her monograph on the New Lusthaus, Ulrike Weber-Karge describes Beisbarth's herculean struggle for the at least virtual preservation of the Stuttgart Renaissance gem:

“During the work [...] he realizes the quality of the building he is destroying. In order to give posterity at least an idea of ​​the appearance, construction and character of this work of art, he devotes all his energy and time to documenting in drawings everything he can still find from the old pleasure house. […] In the space of a year or so, 514 drawings are created, which Beisbarth […] summarizes on 285 sheets. The majority of the drawings are executed on 31 × 46 cm sheets, which are bound in ten volumes. [...] In summary, it can be said that Beisbarth's building survey is a highly reliable, exact and detailed reproduction of the parts of the pleasure house that were preserved around 1844. Commenting on the drawings themselves and in the register, he explains the dimensions, construction, material properties, color design and state of preservation of the building, thus conveying an almost complete idea of ​​the original building. "

Applied arts

Beisbarth also created designs for sacred devices that were made by local foundries, especially CW Kurtz , and often sold in multiple copies to parishes all over Germany. His repertoire included communion jugs, communion chalices, baptismal vessels, sacrificial plates and host capsules. In 1864 he designed a silver gala for the building trade cooperative in Stuttgart.

The devices made according to his designs have also been shown at exhibitions:

  • 1863: Hohenstein , exhibition for church art and commercial products
  • 1869: Stuttgart, church art exhibition in the Königsbau

Fonts

  • Carl Beisbarth: The pleasure house and its builders Georg Beer and Heinrich Schickard. In: Neues Tagblatt. February 14, 1903.
  • Carl Alexander von Heideloff (editor); Carl Beisbarth (architectural drawings); Friedrich Müller (text): The art of the Middle Ages in Swabia. Monuments of architecture, sculpture and painting: edited by C. Heideloff with the assistance of architect C. Beisbarth, with explanations by Prof. Fr. Müller , Stuttgart 1855, panels VII, XII, XIII, XV (books.google.de) .
  • Carl Beisbarth: Eßlingen: taken and drawn by architect C. Beisbarth. In: Carl Alexander von Heideloff ; Friedrich Müller: Medieval monuments from Swabia. Supplement to the work: The Art of the Middle Ages in Swabia , Stuttgart 1856.
  • Carl Beisbarth: The market fountain in Urach. In: Annuals of the Wirtenberg antiquity association. Volume 1, Stuttgart 1859, issue 9, plate 33.
  • Carl Beisbarth: The abbot's chair in the monastery church in Maulbronn. In: Annuals of the Wirtenberg antiquity association. Volume 1, Stuttgart before 1859, issue 8, plate 29.
  • Carl Beisbarth: The new font of the Leonhardskirche in Stuttgart. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 11.1869, pp. 87-89.
  • Carl Beisbarth: New buildings in Stuttgart and the surrounding area , Stuttgart [1876], Book 1: Villa of Mr. Arthur Bohnenberger, C. Beisbarth, architect .

Memberships and honors

Since 1859 Beisbarth was a committee member of the Association for Christian Art, for whose association organ Christian Art Journal for Church, School and House he was also active from time to time.

He received the following awards:

  • around 1865: Great gold medal for art and science
  • 1866: Honorary membership of the building trade cooperative in Stuttgart
  • 1874: Knight's Cross of the Friedrich Order

reception

Beisbarth was a very productive and versatile artist who not only made remarkable achievements in his profession as an architect, but also worked as an excellent draftsman, restorer, preservationist, writer, church decorator and designer of arts and crafts objects.

August Wintterlin , who portrayed Beisbarth's life several times, said with regard to his two most important private buildings: “They guarantee him an honorable place in the building history of the city of Stuttgart. [...] Of course, it was the pain of his life that he never had a major public building, e.g. B. a church. [...] he couldn't completely deny a feeling of being misunderstood [...]. "

Hans Vollmer wrote about him: "[...] during the renovation of the Stuttgart theater in 1844-46 [...] he made a great contribution to German art history through precise recordings and descriptions of the 'New Lusthaus', which was completely abandoned at the time."

The art historian Ulrich Sieber judges: “Beisbarth's main importance, however, lies in the area of ​​monument preservation and restoration; his solid knowledge of style was praised; numerous churches, pulpits and altars were restored by him; He designed church furnishings in Romanesque and Gothic styles and provided appropriate craft designs. "

literature

life and work

  • (B.): Carl Beisbarth [Nekrolog]. In: Art Chronicle. Weekly for arts and crafts. 14, 1879, column 196 digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de .
  • Max BachBeisbarth, Karl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 46, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1902, p. 341.
  • Christine Breig: The construction of villas and country houses in Stuttgart 1830–1930. Hohenheim Verlag, Stuttgart and Leipzig 2000, ISBN 3-89850-964-8 , pp. 389-390, 409-412, 515.
  • NN: Karl Beisbarth [Nekrolog]. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 20.1879, pp. 47-48.
  • Friedrich Müller: The artists of all times and peoples , Volume 1, Stuttgart 1857, p. 113 textlog.de .
  • Richard Nübling: Carl Friedrich Beisbarth. In: Swabian Mercury. No. 94 of February 26, 1927, pp. 17-18.
  • Horst Ossenberg: What remains, the builders create. The Württemberg court and state construction from the 15th to the 20th century , Norderstedt 2004, ISBN 3-8334-0633-X , pp. 65-66 (books.google.de) .
  • Hans Vollmer : Beisbarth, Carl Friedrich . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 3 : Bassano – Bickham . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1909, p. 211–212 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive - Here different dates of life: born January 31, 1809 and died November 22, 1878).
  • August Wintterlin : Karl Friedrich Beisbarth. Obituary. In: Swabian Mercury. No. 41 of February 16, 1879, p. 321.
  • August Wintterlin : Beisbarth. In: Julius Meyer (Hrsg.): General Artists 'Lexicon: with the participation of the most well-known specialist scholars at home and abroad, completely revised edition of Nagler's Artists' Lexicon. Volume 3, Leipzig 1885, pp. 342-343.
  • August Wintterlin : Württemberg Artists in Life Pictures , Stuttgart 1895, pp. 388–397.

Works

  • Gustav Abel (text); Carl Beisbarth (images) u. a .: Address by the Association for Christian Art in the Protestant Church of Württemberg to the venerable Diöcesan associations , Stuttgart [1873].
  • Wilhelm Bäumer: About the former pleasure house as a monument of the earlier Renaissance style , Stuttgart 1869, pp. 18, 20, panels I – IV.
  • Gebhard Blank: Stuttgart Villas in the 19th Century: A companion publication to the exhibition in the Wilhelms-Palais from March 18 to August 16, 1987 , Stuttgart 1987, pp. 4–5, 26.
  • Norbert Bongartz: Inventory. Residential buildings in Stuttgart 1865–1915. A photo exhibition on the European Monument Protection Year 1975, art building on Schloßplatz, August 21 - September 21, 1975, Württembergischer Kunstverein Stuttgart. Stuttgart 1975, pp. 71-75 (Villa Bohnenberger).
  • Joseph von Egle : Photographic views of public buildings, houses and villas in and around Stuttgart, Stuttgart [approx. 1876], delivery 4.
  • Carl Grüneisen : The new pulpit of the St. Leonhardskirche in Stuttgart. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 2.1860, pp. 184-186.
  • Carl Grüneisen : Eberhard's church chair in the beard of Württemberg. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 1861, pp. 45-46.
  • (H.): The St. Nikolauskapelle zu Calw in Württemberg. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 7.1865, pp. 1-5.
  • Jürgen Hagel: Jürgen Hagel: This is how it should be: royal marginal notes and orders for urban design in Stuttgart and Cannstatt in the first half of the 19th century, Stuttgart 1996. pp. 233–234.
  • Elisabeth Nau: Count Eberhard V.'s prayer chair in the Amandus Church in Bad Urach , Munich 1986.
  • Supper jug. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 5.1863, pp. 124-125.
  • Silver host capsule by C. Beisbarth and E. Föhr in Stuttgart. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 17.1876, pp. 23-24.
  • The new altar of the Marienkirche in Reutlingen. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 17.1876, pp. 168-171.
  • Urach [Eberhard V's prayer chair in the Amandus Church in Bad Urach]. In: Christian art paper for church, school and home. 20.1879, p. 160.
  • Stuttgart city hall competition. In: Architectural Review. 11.1895, p. 12, plates 87, 94.
  • Ulrich Sieber: Sketchbook by the Stuttgart architect Beisbarth. Carl Friedrich Beisbarth: The Kursaal of Bad Imnau, sketchbook and watercolor, around 1868. In: Hans-Peter Geh (ed.): Treasures from old and new times. Manuscripts, letters, prints: an exhibition of scientific libraries in Baden-Württemberg to mark the 40th anniversary of the state. Karlsruhe 1992, pp. 122-123.
  • Villa Bohnenberger, Olgastraße 9-11a. In: Hans Schleuning (editor), Norbert Bongartz (collaboration): Stuttgart-Handbuch. Stuttgart 1985, pp. 244-245.
  • The building survey by Karl Beisbarth. In: Ulrike Weber-Karge: "... to be compared to an earthly paradise ...". The New Lusthaus in Stuttgart. Investigations into a building project of the German Renaissance. Sigmaringen 1989, pp. 23-25.
  • Monika Will: The Stuttgart Lusthaus in the drawings and comments by the architect Carl Friedrich Beisbarth (1808–1878): a contribution to the preservation of monuments in the 19th century [master's thesis]. Stuttgart 1982.
  • EJ Zeller: Stuttgart's private building from 1806 to 1844. In a selection given by master builder EJ Zeller. Stuttgart 1845–1846, Third Booklet, plates 9–10.
  • Nicolai Ziegler: Between form and construction: the New Lusthaus in Stuttgart. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2016, ISBN 978-3-7995-1128-5 .

Sources and references

  • Stuttgart address books 1794–1878.
  • (O.): [Auction of the left art collection of Carl Beisbarth]. In: Kunstchronik: Weekly for art and applied arts. 17.1882, column 45 (digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de) .
  • State capital Stuttgart, Office for Urban Planning and Urban Renewal, Lower Monument Protection Authority (ed.): List of cultural monuments, immovable architectural and art monuments, as of April 25, 2008 - by districts , Stuttgart 2008 (PDF)
  • Gustav Wais : Old Stuttgart Buildings in Pictures , Stuttgart 1951, reprint Frankfurt am Main 1977, pp. 54, 63, 316–319.
  • Gustav Wais : The St. Leonhard Church and the Hospital Church in Stuttgart: a representation of the two Gothic churches with explanations of architectural and art history , Stuttgart 1956.
  • Hermann Ziegler: Fangelsbach-Friedhof , Stuttgart 1994, pp. 135-136.

Archives

  • Munich, Academy of Fine Arts
  • Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg State Archives
    • GU 97, no. 136–137 (collection of drawings from the New Lusthaus, probably copies of the originals in the Stuttgart University Library).
  • Stuttgart, city ​​archive
    • Family register of the city of Stuttgart, volume 1, sheet 324 (Johann Christoph Beisbarth), volume 10, sheet 879 (Carl Beisbarth senior).
    • Death register of the city of Stuttgart 1903, No. 2375 (Carl Beisbarth sen.).
  • Stuttgart, University Library , "Maps and Plans" collection and in the "Digital Collections"
    • Inventory number old Z. 102t, inventory number new Beis001 to Beis066 (construction of the New Lusthaus).
    • Inventory number? (Sketchbook 1850/1851).
    • Inventory number 1963.3480 (sketchbook, including drawings of the church in Bad Urach).

Web links

Commons : Carl Beisbarth sen.  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Life data according to the family register , volume 10, sheet 879. The date of birth and death in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB) and in the Allgemeine Künstlerlexikon (AKL) are incorrect. - In Nübling 1927 , p. 17, it says: “It is extremely characteristic of Carl Friedrich Beisbarth that wherever in his life he had to give information about the year of his birth, he moved it to 1809, although there is evidence of it Was born in 1808! ”.
  2. The Stadtwerkmeister was the city architect for the city of Stuttgart. For the concept of the master craftsman, see also: master builder . He was also referred to as master carpenter ( Ziegler 1994 , p. 135) or master carpenter ( Wintterlin 1879 ).
  3. The house was located in the Reichen Vorstadt in the street "Auf der Leimengrube", which is now called Marienstrasse. Johann Christoph Beisbarth's parents had already lived in the same house. From 1800, Beisbarth's parents, together with the carpenter and master craftsman Güntner, owned houses 15 and 16 (Stuttgart address books 1794, 1804).
  4. Family Register , Volume 1, Sheet 324. - The other siblings Johanna Rosina Charlotta (* 1805), Georg Friedrich (* 1806) and Heinrich Gustav (* 1815) were no longer alive when their father died in 1825 (see those in Nübling 1927 , P. 17, printed obituary). August Wintterlin , who wrote in his obituary for Beisbarth in 1879: "Since he had lost his parents and one sister at an early age [...]", after more than half a century it was apparently no longer known that Beisbarth had any other siblings ( Wintterlin 1879 ) .
  5. Wintterlin 1879 ; Ossenberg 2004 , pp. 60-61.
  6. See Charles Isabelle (French Wikipedia).
  7. Wintterlin 1879 .
  8. He enrolled on August 2, 1832 (see matriculation ) and, according to Müller, finished his studies in 1857 in 1833.
  9. Wintterlin 1879 ; Nübling 1927 , p. 17.
  10. His parents died in 1825/1826 and his last sibling in 1828.
  11. Nübling 1927 , p. 17.
  12. Wintterlin 1879 .
  13. Wintterlin 1879 .
  14. Wintterlin 1895 , p. 390, and after him probably Nübling 1927 , p. 17, give the address Tübinger Strasse 33. The first available Stuttgart address book since 1838 that contains information about the house owners is the address book from 1841. In this and all subsequent ones up to 1876, the silk dyer Christian Krauss is the owner of the house at Tübinger Strasse 33. On the other hand, for the house Tübinger Strasse 19 from 1841 until 1857 Beisbarth stated as the owner. Wintterlin 1879 identifies Beisbarth's house as "the Geiger's house in Tübinger Strasse now". The Stuttgart mechanic and optician Carl Geiger (1821-1892) is also given as the later owner of the house at Tübinger Strasse 19 in the address books (life data according to: (PDF) , p. 34).
  15. It is not known to what extent Carl Julius was an architect. Christian Friedrich von Leins judged him in 1879: he “is not good for much and has caused his father a lot of grief” ( Nau 1986 , pp. 51–52).
  16. ^ Family Register , Volume 10, Sheet 879.
  17. See death register . - His grave is in Division 09 of the cemetery.
  18. Sources can be found under literature . The Carl Beisbarth Gallery also contains references to the works dealt with there.
  19. Hagel 1996 , pp. 233-234; Zeller 1845 ; Nübling 1927 , p. 17: 1839.
  20. Nübling 1927 , p. 17.
  21. Wintterlin 1879 .
  22. The Mathilde Escher Heim (MEH) still exists today, but in other buildings, see meh.ch .
  23. Wintterlin 1879 .
  24. Nothing further is known about Gabriel.
  25. Beisbarth 1859.2 ; Nau 1986 , p. 89, footnote 61.
  26. Christian Art Journal for Church, School and House 2.1865, p. 178.
  27. Destroyed in 1944. See Wais 1956 , p. 20, Figures 11 and 12.
  28. For the Leonhardskirche he also created the galleries, the organ case and the southern and northern entrance doors, which, like the pulpit, were destroyed in 1944. See Wais 1956 , p. 20, Figures 11 and 12.
  29. CKBK 1879 , p. 48.
  30. Illustration: Wais 1951 , p. 54.
  31. Beisbarth 1859.2 .
  32. Beisbarth 1855 .
  33. Beisbarth 1856 .
  34. Figures: Wais 1951 , pp. 316–319; Weber-Karge 1989 , panel part.
  35. From November 15, 1844 to December 10, 1845.
  36. Weber-Karge 1989 , pp. 23-25. - The publication of part of the building survey announced in 1869 ( Bäumer 1869 , p. 20) did not take place. The state acquired the entire work from Beisbarth, which is now kept in the university library (see building record of the Lusthaus ).
  37. CKBK 1863 ; CKBK 1876 ; Christian art paper for church, school and home 7.1865, p. 10; 11.1869, p. 148; 13.1871, p. 162; 17.1875, pp. 189, 190.
  38. Wintterlin 1879 .
  39. Christian Art Journal for Church, School and House 2.1865, p. 178.
  40. Wintterlin 1879 .
  41. Wintterlin 1885 , pp. 394, 396.
  42. ^ Hans Vollmer: Beisbarth, Carl Friedrich . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 3 : Bassano – Bickham . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1909, p. 211 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  43. Sieber 1992 , p. 122.
  44. With verbatim quotations from Beisbarth's autobiographical notes, about whose whereabouts nothing is known.
  45. With 6 illustrations by Beisbarth.
  46. The master's thesis can only be viewed at the Institute for Art History at the University of Stuttgart.
  47. For a description of the holdings see here .
  48. Mentioned in Sieber 1992 .
  49. Nau 1986 , p. 89, footnote 61.