List of brick Gothic buildings in England
The list of the Gothic brick works in England is part of the list of plant brick building works of the Gothic period in which the entire European inventory of these buildings is as complete as possible listed. The only buildings included are those on which the brick appears somewhere or, in the case of muddy surfaces, at least the brick structure of the masonry is recognizable.
Cultural setting:
In England, brick began to be used for sophisticated buildings centuries later than in continental Europe.
The ratio of the numbers of the different types of buildings differs significantly from that in the continental northern brick Gothic. In England there are relatively few religious buildings among them, and hardly any accumulations in cities.
In Nottinghamshire and Shropshire , buildings from the 16th and 17th centuries that were or are no longer Gothic are definitely mentioned as the beginning of brick construction.
Gothic brick buildings in England, very often out of town. → this card for mobile devices (screenshot with place names) ; ➡ see also all detailed distribution maps - Atlas of Brick Gothic |
Scope:
This list contains 72 entries of buildings and building groups.
Background information:
- HE = Description in the Historic England database
- For some buildings there is a link to the associated picture collection in Wikimedia Commons under “ (CC) ” .
place | Building | construction time | Remarks | photo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bardney , Lincolnshire |
St Lawrence Church (CC) HE 1359500 |
15th century | built from material from a previous church in the neighboring monastery; Brick choir |
|
Barsham , Norfolk |
East Barsham Manor (CC) , HE 1049454 |
1520 ff. | rebuilt in the 1920s and 1930s | |
Beverly , East Riding of Yorkshire |
City fortifications with Beverley North Bar (CC) |
13th century a. 1409 | ||
Boston , Lincolnshire |
Guildhall (guild or guild house) (CC) HE 1389007 |
14./15. Century | ||
Hussey Tower (CC) HE 1016692 |
before 1489 | Remnants of a fortified manor house, remains of tracery in the rectangular stone frames of the windows | ||
Fishtoft Boston , Lincolnshire |
Rochford Tower (CC) HE 1062088 |
1460 | slight changes in the 17th century, partial restoration in the 19th century; Main building of the country estate demolished |
|
Bradwell Juxta Coggeshall , Essex |
St Nicholas church (CC) HE 1337594 | 12th, 14th, 15th century | Mixed masonry made of flint, field stone and Roman spoil bricks , edges made of medieval brick |
|
Buckden , Cambridgeshire |
Buckden Towers, The Reat Tower (CC) , HE 1130324 |
Brick tower 1475 |
Kern from the 12th century; Bishop's Palace until 1842 | |
Burnham-on-Crouch , Essex |
Creeksea Place (CC) , HE 1123776 |
1569 finished | Elizabethan architecture | |
Canterbury , Kent |
St Dunstan's Church , HE 1241793 |
Brick 1524 |
The southeast chapel was added in 1402 and rebuilt in brick in 1524 | |
Coggeshall, Braintree District , Essex |
Coggeshall Abbey Guest House (CC) , HE 1307071 |
around 1190 | Raised by 0.5 m in the 16th century and the corners of the wall renewed | |
Chapel of St Nicholas (CC) , HE 1337925 |
1225 | Former gate chapel outside the monastery grounds, flint construction with corners and brick window frames ( partly renewed in the 19th century) |
||
Colchester , Essex |
Layer Marney Tower , HE 1223988 |
1520 | largest Tudor style gateway in Great Britain | |
east of Shipston-on-Stour , Warwickshire |
Compton Wynyates , HE 1024349 |
1481 | Tudor style | |
Cowbit, Essex |
St Mary Church (CC) [1] |
around 1380 a. 1480-1486 |
||
Dengie, Essex |
St James Church (CC) , HE 1111784 |
renewed in the 14th century |
Roman brick and yellow brick from the 14th century (not on the photos) | |
Durham | Kitchen of Durham Castle (CC) , HE 1121383 |
End of 15th century | Kitchen with butter | Photo see link |
Faulkbourne, Braintree District , Essex |
Faulkbourne Hall (CC) , BE 1337782 |
1439-1449, -1494 |
third wing 1693 | |
Gainsborough , Lincolnshire |
Gainsborough Old Hall HE1359773 |
1460 | ||
Gloucester | Barn of the Llanthony Secunda Monastery (CC) [2] |
15th century | Edges and windows made of stone blocks, wall surfaces made of large brick, Augustinian monastery since 1530 dilapidated |
|
Great Yarmouth , Norfolk |
City wall (CC) , HE1003782 without info. |
from 1261 | Flint with some brick, partly in a decorative combination | |
Guildford , Surrey |
Sutton Place (CC) , HE 1264429 LADY GROVE FARMHOUSE |
1525 | Tudor style; Ingredients in the 17th and 19th centuries | |
Hadleigh , Suffolk |
Deanery Tower (CC) HE 1194031 |
1495 | Chimneys 1830; associated archdeaconate (the Deanery) demolished in the 19th century |
|
at Henley-on-Thames , Oxfordshire |
Grays Court , HE 1369334 |
16th century | Elizabethan architecture, partly stone with layers of brick, partly brick alone | |
Horsham , West Sussex |
Chesworth House (CC) , HE 1027063 |
Brick 1514-1524 |
South-east wing made of brick | |
Herstmonceux , East Sussex |
Herstmonceux Castle , HE 1000231 |
from 1441 | ||
Kingston upon Hull , East Riding of Yorkshire |
Holy Trinity Church (Kingston Minster) (CC) , HE 1292280 |
from 1300 | Choir and transept brick walls with ashlar tracery | |
Ipswich , Suffolk |
Portal of the College of Mary (CC) , HE 1206515 |
1528 | Pen for secular canons, founded by Cardinal Wolsey in 1528 , closed in 1530 |
|
King's Lynn , Norfolk |
Greyfriars Tower (CC) , HE 1195428 |
Tower sp. 14th century |
Crossing tower of the Franciscan Church founded in 1340; Wall surfaces of the tower made of brick; Brick in the substructure rather to stabilize the ruin |
|
Lawford , Essex |
St Mary's Church (CC) HE 1261462 |
14th century |
Brick: some edges and wall surfaces of the tower, buttresses of the ship, checkerboard mosaic on the ship; various changes from the 16th century later |
|
Lincoln | Chancery (Episcopal Chancellery) (CC) HE 1380559 |
Street front 15th century |
||
Little Leighs, City of Chelmsford , Essex |
Leez Priory (CC) , HE 1171386 |
Brick from 1536 |
13th century Augustinian monastery, 1536 secular manor house | |
Little Wenham , Suffolk |
Little Wenham Castle (CC) , [3] |
13. u. 16th century | Brick especially near the southwest corner u. chimney | |
Richmond upon Thames , London |
Hampton Court Palace , HE 1193127 |
1497-1600 | Tudor-style building for 1st Baron Giles Daubeney (part of Henry VIII's kitchen ), for Cardinal Wolsey (Great Gatehouse 1516, Clock Court (Uhrhof) 1522), for Henry VIII himself from 1530, for Elizabeth I from 1547; later buildings in baroque style | |
City of Westminster , London |
St James's Palace , HE 1264511 |
1531-1536 | Tudor style | |
Lutton, Lincolnshire |
St Nicholas Church (CC) HE 1359229 |
early 16th century | Restored in 1859 | |
Maldon | Moot Hall (Court or Town Hall) (CC) HE 1256887 |
2nd V. 15th century | Window changed in the 18th century | |
Manchester | Hough End Hall (CC) , HE 1283002 |
1596 | Elizabethan architecture | |
Morley Saint Peter , Norfolk |
Morley Old Hall, HE 1050714 |
around 1600 | Tudor style | see Google orthophoto |
Nazeing , Essex |
All Saints Church (CC) HE 1111135 |
15th century tower |
Tower made almost entirely of red brick | |
north of Newbury , Berkshire |
Shaw House (CC) , HE 1001446 |
Elizabethan architecture | ||
Newtown Linford , Leicestershire |
Bradgate House [4] | 1490 | one of the first unfortified country estates in England, now largely in ruins |
|
Norwich , Norfolk |
City fortifications cow tower (CC) HE 1014780 |
End of the 14th century | ||
St Osyth, Tendring Essex |
St Othyth's Abbey (CC) | Outside of the gatehouse pattern flint and small ashlar stones, Abbot's House and other monastery buildings predominantly. Brick with ashlar settings |
||
Church of St Peter & St Paul (CC) , HE 1111513 |
Brick u. a. Buttresses and diamond pattern, hall church with Flemish parallel roofs | |||
Sevenoaks District , Kent |
Otford Palace (CC) , HE 1005197 |
1537 | ruin | |
Oxborough , Norfolk |
Oxburgh Hall (CC) , HE 1342586 |
Elizabethan architecture | ||
Prestbury , Cheshire |
Normans Hall, HE 1329649 |
late. Mid-16th century | partly half-timbered, partly brick, changes in the 17th century | see Google Streetview |
Purleigh , Essex |
All Saints Church (CC) HE 1110882 |
14th century | Tower made of yellow brick, entrance porch made of red brick | |
at Tasburgh , Norfolk |
Rainthorpe Hall (CC) , HE 1050699 |
from 1503, reconstruction 1579–1611 | Elizabethan architecture; restored in the 19th century | |
Ramsbury , Wiltshire |
Littlecote House (CC) , HE 1300540 |
Elizabethan architecture, partly made of brick | ||
Spalding , South Holland , Lincolnshire |
Abbey Buildings 1-7 (CC) HE 1306500 |
14./15. Century | Row of houses with remains of old monastery buildings | |
Riccall, Selby District , North Yorkshire |
The Manor , HE 1172683 |
Towers around 1480 |
Brick and stone | no photo |
Rochester , Kent |
Eastgate House (CC) , HE 1086482 |
1590 | one of the few townhouses, Elizabethan architecture, partly brick, partly half-timbered | |
Roughton, East Lindsay D. , Lincolnshire |
St Margaret's Church (CC) HE 1308751 |
Tower brick ap. 15th century |
Brick top and buttresses of the tower; Brick on the ship without date |
|
Roydon , Essex |
(CC) HE 1182255 |
Mid 15th century | ||
Shottesbrooke , Berkshire |
Shottesbrooke Manor (CC) , HE 1117448 |
16th century | Tudor style, in Shottesbrooke Park | |
Hyde , Bedfordshire |
Someries Castle HE 1008452 |
1430 | demolished from 1742 | |
Stambourne , Essex |
Sts Peter & Thomas Church (CC) HE 1317130 |
Entrance 16th century |
south entrance porch brick, church u. Tower different materials, corners partly Roman spoiled bricks |
|
Stonor , Oxfordshire |
Stonor House (CC) HE 1059444 |
Brick 15th century a. later | 13th founded, numerous renovations until the 18th century. |
|
Temple Hirst, Selby District , North Yorkshire |
Temple Manor HE 1295905 | Tower 15./16. Century | oldest parts of the Templar branch, 12./13. Century, most of the 17th century |
see Google Street view |
Lincolnshire |
Tattershall Castle , HE 1215317 |
1430-1450 | Brick castle with restored large tower | |
Tydd, South Holland , Lincolnshire |
St Mary Church (CC) HE 1204871 |
15th century tower |
Tower over. Brick | |
Wainfleet All Saints , East Lindsay D. , Lincolnshire |
Magdalen College School (CC) [5] |
1484 | Founded by W. Waynflete, Bishop of Winchester, to prepare students for Magdalene College, Oxford; various repairs, now a library |
|
Waltham Abbey , Essex | Waltham Abbey Gatehouse (CC) , HE 9609 |
14th century | Abbey 11th century to 1540 | |
Cheshire West and Chester | Willaston Old Hall (CC) , HE 1387666 |
1558 | Elizabethan architecture | |
Whitchurch-on-Thames , Oxfordshire |
Hardwick House (CC) , HE 1180567 |
before 1526 | Tudor style | |
West Stow, West Suffolk |
West Stow Hall (CC) , HE 1031269 |
Gatehouse 1520 |
other parts younger and partly half-timbered | |
Woking , Surrey |
Woking Palace (CC) , HE 1019366 |
13th century and 1503 | Ruins: moat, gatehouse from the 14th century with a barrel vault made of brick with stone ribs, next to it a barn from the 16th century. | |
Woodhall Spa, East Lindsay D. , Lincolnshire |
Tower on the Moor (CC) HE 1359921 |
15th century | ruin today | |
Writtle, City of Chelmsford , Essex |
All Saints Church ( CC) , HE 1237229 |
Brick since the 16th century |
Brick south porch before 1526, tower (with brick buttresses) new after collapse in 1892 |
|
York | Red Tower (Red Tower) (CC) |
1490 | Damaged in the civil war in 1644 , from 1645 a. restored in the 19th century; the only brick tower of the York City Wall |
literature
- David Andrews: The use and manufacture of brick in eastern England in the Middle Ages in J. Cramer & D. Sack (Ed.): Technik des Brücksteinbaus im Europa des Mittelalters, 2005, ISBN 3-937251-99-5 , pp. 139-150
Individual evidence
- ^ The Mapperley and Sherwood History Group: The Pritchards and Brickmaking on Carlton Hill: from the Early Days of the Town to 1850
- ↑ Country Life: Plaish Hall in Shropshire
- ^ Durham World Heritages Site: The Kitchen and Buttery
- ^ Great Yarmouth - Discover the country's second most complete Medieval town wall
- ↑ Country Life picture library: East wall of Little Wenham Hall
- ↑ Google orthophoto of en: Morley Old Hall
- ^ The corpus of Romanesque sculpture in Britain and Ireland St Peter and St Paul, St Osyth, Essex
- ↑ Google Streetview from en: Normans Hall
- ^ British history online: Purleigh
- ↑ Contrary to various Internet entries , the address is not Priory Road 1–7, but Abbey Buildings 1–7, in the street network more of a residential courtyard, possibly a backstreet rather than a street.
- ↑ Gatehouse Gazetteer: Riccall Manor
- ^ Google Streetview Temple manor
- ^ English Heritage: Waltham Abbey Gatehouse and Bridge
- ^ Association for the subdivision of the Red Tower: Red Tower History