List of female conductors
The list of female conductors provides an overview of internationally active, well-known female orchestra conductors primarily of the 21st and 20th centuries, but also of previous centuries, in alphabetical order. In addition, documentaries and concert recordings and literature on female conductors can be found below the list , as well as information on competitions and funding for female conductors, and on the history of lists of female conductors.
A.
- Kanako Abe (* 1973)
- Beatrice Affron (* 20th century)
- Nazanin Aghakhani (* 1980)
- Evelyne Aïello (* 1958)
- Nisan Ak (* 1991)
- Vittoria Raffaella Aleotti (1575-1646)
- Sebrina María Alfonso (* 20th century)
- Sylvia Alimena (* 20th century)
- Marin Alsop (* 1956)
- Ligia Amadio (* 1964)
- Isabella Ambrosini (* 20th century)
- Nezhat Amiri (* 1960)
- Nvart Andreassian (* 1952)
- Alexandra Arrieche (* 1981)
- Elizabeth Askren (* 1976)
- Elisabeth Attl (* 1968)
- Bar Avni (* 1989)
B.
- Maria Badstue (* 1982)
- Renée Baker (born 1957)
- Frieda Belinfante (1904–1995)
- Gisele Ben-Dor (* 1955)
- Ljubka Biagioni (* 1968)
- Anja Bihlmaier (* 1978)
- Elke Mascha Blankenburg (1943–2013)
- Victoria Bond (born 1945)
- Nadia Boulanger (1887–1979)
- Antonia Brico (* 1902)
- Iona Brown (1941-2004)
- Anna-Sophie Brüning (* 1972)
C.
- Francesca Caccini (1587-1640)
- Sylvia Caduff (born 1937)
- Sarah Caldwell (1924-2006)
- Karina Canellakis (* 1981)
- Gabriella Carli (* 1953)
- Joana Carneiro (* 1976)
- Elim Chan (* 1986)
- Chang Han-na / Han-Na Chang (* 1982)
- Pei-Yu Chang (* 1959)
- Sophie Charlotte of Hanover (1668–1705)
- Mei-Ann Chen (* 1973)
- Margherita Colombo (* 20th century)
- Avril Coleridge-Taylor (1903-1998)
- Catherine Comet (* 1944)
- Jennifer Condon (* 1983)
- Nicoletta Conti (* 20th century)
- Graziella Contratto (* 1966)
- Jessica Cottis (* 1979)
- Valéria Csányi (* 1958)
D.
- Karen Lynne Deal (born 1957)
- Marzena Diakun (* 1981)
- Lara Diloy (* 1986)
- Agnieszka Duczmal (* 1946)
- Weronika Dudarowa (1916–2009)
- Marie-Jeanne Dufour (* 1955)
E.
- Audrey J. Edelstein (* 20th century)
- Sian Edwards (born 1959)
- Laurence Equilbey (* 1962)
- Jane Evrard (1893-1984)
F.
- JoAnn Falletta (* 1954)
- Alice Farnham (* 20th century)
- Eva Fodor (* 1979)
- Nicolette Fraillon (* 1960)
- Gianna Fratta (* 1973)
- Elisabeth Fuchs (* 1976)
G
- Michi Gaigg (* 1957)
- Marta Gardolińska (* 1988)
- Hortense by Gelmini (* 1947)
- Jessica Gethin (* 20th century)
- Claire Gibault (* 1945)
- Ruth Gipps (1921–1999)
- Jane Glover (born 1949)
- Elisa Gogou (* 1974)
- Konstantia Gourzi (* 1962)
- Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla (* 1986)
- Agnes Grossmann (* 1944)
H
- Emmanuelle Haïm (* 1962)
- Barbara Hannigan (* 1971)
- Anna-Maria Helsing (* 1971)
- Sarah Hicks (* 20th century)
- Inga Hilsberg (* 1972)
- Imogen Holst (1907-1984)
- Emilia Hoving (* 1994)
- Apo Ching-Hsin Hsu (* 1956)
- Monica Huggett (born 1953)
I.
- Talia Ilan (* 1971)
- Sarah Ioannides (* 1972)
J
- Laura Jackson (* 20th century)
- Marie Jacquot (* 1990)
- Anna Jaroszewska-Mróz (* 1980)
- Julia Jones (* 1961)
K
- Karen Kamensek (* 1970)
- Vítězslava Kaprálová (1915–1940)
- Stamatia Karampini (* 20th century)
- Cornelia von Kerssenbrock (* 1970)
- Negin Khpalwak (* 1997)
- Friederike Kienle (* 1979)
- Kim Eun Sun (* 1980)
- Jane H. Kim (* 20th century)
- Marta Kluczyńska (* 1985)
- Camilla Kolchinsky (1937-2016)
- Carolyn Kuan (* 1977)
- Judith Kubitz (* 1968)
- Elisabeth Kuyper (1877-1953)
L.
- Catherine Larsen-Maguire (* 1971)
- Ethel Leginska (1886-1970)
- Tania León (* 1943)
- Claire Levacher (* 20th century)
- Lin Liao (* 20th century)
- Yi-Chen Lin (* 1985)
- Marta Linz (1898–1992)
- Silke Löhr (* 1966)
- Isabel López Calzada (* 1968)
- Oksana Lyniv (* 1978)
M.
- Maria Makraki (* 1970)
- Susanna Mälkki (* 1969)
- Johanna Malangré (* 1989)
- Joana Mallwitz (* 1986)
- Jamie Man (* 1987)
- Ortrud Mann (1917-2006)
- Anne Manson (born 1961)
- Odaline de la Martinez (* 1949)
- Lucia Marin (* 1982)
- Virginia Martinez (* 1979)
- Elisabetta Maschio (* 1964)
- Silvia Massarelli (* 1961)
- Ariane Matiakh (* 1980)
- Eva Meitner (* 1983)
- Simone Menezes (* 1977)
- Ewa Michnik (* 1943)
- Tania Miller (* 1969)
- Alicja Mounk (* 1947)
- Petra Müllejans (* 1959)
- Katharina Müllner (* 1992)
- Natalie Murray Beale (* 20th century)
- Daniela Musca (* 1982)
N
- Damiana Natali (* 20th century)
- Gemma New (* 1986)
- Corinna Niemeyer (* 1985)
- Tomomi Nishimoto (* 1970)
- Eímear Noone (* 20th century)
- Carolin Nordmeyer (* 1975)
O
- Inci Özdil (* 1960)
- Nodoka Okisawa (* 1987)
- Eva Ollikainen (* 1982)
- Clotilde Otranto (* 20th century)
- Anne Randine Øverby (* 1955)
P
- Nicole Paiement (* 20th century)
- Kolleen Park (* 1967)
- Alondra de la Parra (* 1980)
- Valentina Peleggi (* 1983)
- Laura Pérez Soria (* 1972)
- Romely pound (* 1955)
- Eva Pons (* 1971)
- Kristiina Poska (* 1978)
Q
- Helen Quach (1940-2013)
- Eve Queler (* 1931)
- Andrea Quinn (* 1964)
R.
- Anna Rakitina (* 1989)
- Gloria Isabel Ramos (* 1964)
- Gal Rasché (* 1960)
- Ruth Reinhardt (* 1988)
- Giuliana Retali (* 20th century)
- Stephanie Rhodes Russel (* 20th century)
- Silvia Casarin Rizzolo (* 20th century)
- Kay George Roberts (* 1950)
- Zenaida Romeu (* 1952)
- Catherine Rückwardt (* 1960)
S.
- Audrey Saint-Gil (* 20th century)
- Victoria Sanchez (* 1986)
- Silvia Sanz Torre (* 20th century)
- Speranza Scappucci (* 1973)
- Elena Schwarz (* 1985)
- Inma Shara (* 1972)
- Sung Shi-yeon (* 1975)
- Christiane Silber (* 20th century)
- Anna Skryleva (* 1975)
- Giedrė Šlekytė (* 1989)
- Joanídia Sodré (1903-1975)
- Chloe van Soeterstede (* 1987)
- Johanna Soller (* 1989)
- Giovanna Sorbi (1959-2018)
- Jeannette Sorrell (* 1965)
- Dalia Stasevska (* 1984)
- Ewa Strusinska (* 1976)
- Nathalie Stutzmann (* 1965)
T
- Anu Tali (* 1972)
- Mallory Thompson (* 20th century)
- Chaowen Ting (* 20th century)
- Zoi Tsokanou (* 1981)
U
- Alejandra Urrutia (* 1976)
V
- Beatrice Venezi (* 1990)
- Lorraine Vaillancourt (* 1947)
- Loes Visser (* 20th century)
W.
- Debora Waldman (* 20th century)
- Nan Washburn (* 20th century)
- Josephine Weinlich (1840-1887)
- Sarah-Grace Williams (* 20th century)
- Keri-Lynn Wilson (* 1967)
- Yip Wing-she (* 1960)
- Cathrine Winnes (* 1977)
- Diane Wittry (born 1964)
- Rachael Worby (* 1950)
- Mary Wurm (1860-1938)
- Lena-Lisa Wüstendörfer (* 1983)
X
- Lisa Xanthopoulou (* 1968)
- Zheng Xiaoying (* 1929)
Y
- Judith Yan (* 20th century)
- Yura Yang (* 1990)
- Lidiya Yankovskaya (* 1986)
- Simone Young (born 1961)
Z
- Xian Zhang (* 1973)
- Jiemin Zhang (* 20th century)
- Ksenia Zharko (* 20th century)
- Lucia Zicos (* 20th century)
Documentaries and concert recordings
- Günther Atteln / Maria Stodtmeier: Maestras - the long journey of women conductors to the podium (English title: Maestras: The Long Journey of Women to the Podium ). Documentary (2018) about seven conductors: Marin Alsop, Sylvia Caduff, Konstantia Gourzi, Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla, Anu Tali, Joana Mallwitz and Barbara Hannigan.
- Christian Berger: Maestra - Alondra de la Parra . Documentary (2018) about the Mexican conductor Alondra de la Parra.
- Daniela Schmidt-Langels: Conductor Mirga Grazinyte-Tyla . Documentary (2017) about the Lithuanian conductor Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla.
- Bernadette Wegenstein: The conductor Marin Alsop - ambassador of music . Documentary (2019) about the American conductor Marin Alsop.
- Christina Olofson: female conductors . Documentary (1987) about the conductors Victoria Bond, Veronika Dudarova, JoAnn Falletta, Camilla Kolchinsky, Ortrud Mann and Kerstin Nerbe.
- Jill Godmilow: Antonia: A Portrait of the Woman . Documentary (1974) about the conductor Antonia Brico.
- Cuini Amelio Ortiz / Hector Navarrete: Her dream job: conductor . Documentary (2006) about the conductors Simone Young, Catherine Rückwardt, Shi-Yeon Sung.
- Quinn Mason: Female Conductors . Youtube channel with concert recordings by female conductors with performances of classical music.
Competitions and promotions
In addition to general competitions, there are specific competitions and grants for female conductors:
- MAWOMA (for Music And Women MAestra) . First international competition exclusively for female conductors (not conductors), since 2019. [1] (The 2019 winner is Johanna Malangré , music director of the HIDALO Festival Orchestra .)
- The Linda and Mitch Hart Institute for Women Conductors of the Dallas Opera , funding program for female conductors, since 2015. [2] ( Anna Skryleva , meanwhile General Music Director of the Magdeburg Theater, is a scholarship holder .)
- Conductor's scholarship of the Bergische Symphoniker Orchestra , Solingen, since 1999. [3] (A former scholarship holder is Mirga Gražinytė-Tyla , chief conductor of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra )
- La Maestra Competition . Concours et Académie de Cheffes D´orchestre - Paris . Second international competition for female conductors. First edition September 2020. [4]
literature
- Elke Mascha Blankenburg : Female conductors in the 20th century: portraits from Marin Alsop to Simone Young . Hamburg (European Publishing House) 2003. 312 pp. ISBN 978-3-434-50536-5 .
- Archive woman and music (ed.): European conductor reader . Publication series Internationaler Arbeitskreis Frau und Musik e. V., Vol. 4. Kassel (Furore Verlag) 2002. 197 pp. ISBN 3-927327-55-7 .
- Anke Steinbeck: Beyond the Maestro Myth: Female conductors for the 21st century . Cologne (Dohr) 2010. 220 pp. ISBN 978-3-936655-74-2 .
- Brigitte Beier / Karina Schmidt: This is where the music plays! Leading women in the classical music scene . Berlin (Aviva) 2011. 255 pp. ISBN 3-932338-49-9 .
- European Music Research Association Vienna (ed.): The conductor - gender struggle in the orchestra pit? . Austrian music magazine , volume 70, issue 3. Vienna (Hollitzer Verlag) 2015. 104 pp. ISBN 3-99012-208-8 .
Other lists of conductors
The first comprehensive listing of female conductors was made by Elke Mascha Blankenburg's work European Conductor Readers (2002) and female conductors in the 20th century. Portraits from Marin Alsop to Simone Young. (2003), which she founded on behalf of the International Working Group on Woman and Music e. V. / Archive Woman and Music published. This pioneering work was the prelude to collecting active female conductors in order to promote their visibility, their career opportunities and also their networking. In addition to the book, the website Dirigentinnen.de was also created with a list of 90 female conductors, which has not been updated since 2003. (As of July 2020). The English-language website Kapralova-Society.org offers an up-to-date and extensive list ( Woman Conductors ) of over 600 orchestra and choir conductors; in it both well-known, internationally active as well as lesser known, only locally working conductors.
Web links
- [5] kapralova.org - Woman Conductors: List of over 600 orchestral and choir conductors who are both well-known, internationally active and less well-known, only locally working.
Individual evidence
- ↑ ABOUT | KANAKO ABE Orchestra Conductor. Retrieved July 20, 2020 .
- ↑ Beatrice Jona Affron. December 11, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Evelyne Aïello, Maestra. March 9, 2020, accessed on July 23, 2020 (French).
- ^ Nisan Ak | Conductor: NİSAN AK. Retrieved July 20, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Sebrina Maria Alfonso, South Florida Symphony . In: SFSO . ( southfloridasymphony.org [accessed July 23, 2020]).
- ^ Sylvia Alimena, Music Director and Conductor. Retrieved July 20, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Ligia Amadio - English | Ligia Amadio. Retrieved July 20, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Isabella Ambrosini Biography. Retrieved August 2, 2020 (Italian).
- ↑ Kayhan Life: Iran's National Orchestra Gets Its First Female Conductor: Nezhat Amiri. In: KAYHAN LIFE. August 16, 2018, accessed July 20, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Elizabeth Askren, conductor. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
- ^ Attl Elisabeth | db.musicaustria.at. Retrieved July 20, 2020 .
- ^ Bar Avni - Hamburger Camerata. Retrieved on July 20, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Maria badstue, Conductor. Retrieved July 19, 2020 (Danish).
- ↑ Renée Baker, chicago-modern-orchestra-project. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Gisele Ben-Dor. Retrieved July 23, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Joana Carneiro at IMG Artists. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Mei-Ann Chen at opus3artists. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ^ Margherita Colombo at Landestheater Niederbayern. Retrieved on July 23, 2020 (German).
- ^ Avril Coleridge-Taylor in British Music Collection. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Catherine Comet, Interview with Bruce Duffie. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Jennifer Condon Conductor. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Nicoletta Conti, conductor, at Mennicken PR Management. Retrieved on July 23, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Jessica Cottis, conductor. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Valéria Csányi at Naxos Records. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Lara Diloy Directora de orquesta. Accessed August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Marie-Jeanne Dufour at swissinfo. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Audrey J. Edelstein, conductor. Retrieved July 23, 2020 (American English).
- ↑ Jane Evrard, Orchester féminin de Paris. Retrieved July 24, 2020 (French).
- ↑ Alice Farnham, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Eva Fodor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Nicolette Fraillon Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Gianna Fratta conductor and pianist. Retrieved July 28, 2020 (English).
- ^ Marta Gardolińska, from Askonas Holt. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Jessica Gethin, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Elisa Gogou, at Anhaltisches Theater. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Agnes Grossmann, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Anna-Maria Helsing, conductor, Konzertdirektion Hörtnagel. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Sarah Hicks, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Emilia Hoving, Conductor. Retrieved July 28, 2020 (English).
- ↑ Talia Ilan, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Sarah Ioannides. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Laura Jackson, Music Director, Reno Phil Orchestra. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Marie Jacquot, German Opera on the Rhine. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Anna Jaroszewska-Mróz, Born to be a conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Stamatia Karampini. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Afghanistan's First All-Female Orchestra Zohra is led by conductor Negin Khpalwak, in Sabrangindia.de. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Friederike Kienle. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Eun Sun Kim. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Jane H. Kim Conductor. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Marta Kluczyńska conductor. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Camilla Kolchinsky at Naxos Records. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Carolyn Kuan, Biography. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Judith Kubitz, conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Catherine Larsen-Maguire at Real Arts. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Theater an der Wien-Claire Levacher. Retrieved August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Lin Liao, conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Yi-Chen Lin at rbartists. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ faces Europe- The conductor, Ilona Grundmann's Film Production. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Johanna Malangré, Conductor. Retrieved August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Biography Jamie Man, in British Music Collection. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Ortrud Mann, Swedish Conductor, peoplepill. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Anne Manson, Conductor. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Lucia Marin, Directora de Orquesta. Accessed August 1, 2020 (span).
- ↑ Curiosity about a woman at the desk ?, in Thüringer Allgemeine. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Elisabetta Maschio, Biografia. Retrieved July 24, 2020 (Italian).
- ↑ Silvia Massarelli, conductor, Massa concert management. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Eva Meitner, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Simone Menezes, Solea Management. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Tania Miller, Conductor, Vancouver Symphony Orchestra. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Alicja Mounk, Dirigentinnen.de. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Katharina Müllner, conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Conductor + creative director Natalie Murray Beale '. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Daniela Musca, conductor, with Styriarte. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Damiana Natali Direttore d'orchestra. Accessed August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ About Gemma New. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Conductors, Corinna Niemeyer, Askonas Holt. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Tomomi Nishimoto Illumin Art. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ EÍMEAR NOONE CONDUCTOR / COMPOSER / PRODUCER / SPEAKER. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ WHO'S WHO IN TURKISH CULTURE AND ART, Inci Özdil Artist / conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ conductor / in Nodoka Okisawa, artist info KD Schmid ,. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Eva Ollikainen, conductor, karsten witt music management. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Clotilde Otranto. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Operabase: Anne Randine Øverby, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Nicole Paiement. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Kolleen Park, South Korean Musician, Music Director, peoplepill. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Valentina Peleggi Rising Star-BBC Music Magazine. Retrieved on July 28, 2020 (span).
- ↑ La directora de orquesta Laura Pérez Soria, en El Auditorio de Aragón Radio. Retrieved July 24, 2020 (span).
- ^ Eva Pons, theater academy august everding. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Conductor Helen Quach, dragon lady of the podium, 73; in lifestyle.inquirer.net. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Eve Queler, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Nordic Artists Managements, Anna Rakitina. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Gloria Isabel Ramos Triano, orchestra conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Ruth Reinhardt, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Operabase: Giuliana Retali, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Conductor, pianist, innovator Stephanie Rhodes Russel. Accessed August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Dietsch Artists, Silvia Casarin Rizzolo - Conductor. Retrieved August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Kay George Roberts, Principal Conductor, Opera North, Inc. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Orchestra Conductor Zenaida Romeu. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Audrey Saint-Gil. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Victoria Sanchez, Biografia. Retrieved July 24, 2020 (span).
- ↑ Silvia Sanz Torre, Directora de Orquesta. Accessed August 1, 2020 (span).
- ↑ Elena Schwarz, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Inma Shara, Passion for music. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Christiane Silber, Rundfunk Sinfonie Orchester Berlin. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Prabook: Joanídia Sodré. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Chloe van Soeterstede Conductor. Accessed August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Johanna Soller. Conductor, harpsichordist and organist. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Funerali Giovanna Sorbi. Retrieved August 2, 2020 (Italian).
- ^ Jeannette Sorrell-Conductor. Grammy Award-Winner 2019. Accessed July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Dalia Stasevska, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Ewa Strusinska, conductor / dyrygent. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Mallory Thompson, conducting and ensemble. Retrieved August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Chaowen Ting conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Zoi Tsokanou conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Orchestra of the Americas: Alejandra Urrutia. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Operabase: Lorraine Vaillancourt, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Loes Visser. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Debora Waldman Conductor. Accessed August 2, 2020 .
- ^ Nan Harrison Washburn. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Sophie Drinker Institute: Weinlich Josephine. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Sarah-Grace Williams Conductor. Retrieved July 28, 2020 (English).
- ↑ Cathrine Winnes, nordicartistsmanagement. Retrieved July 28, 2020 (English).
- ↑ Diane Wittry, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ MUSE IQUE: Rachael Worby Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ dietsch artists: Lisa Xanthopoulou, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ ZHENG XIAOYING Artistic Director and Principal Conductor of the Xiamen Philharmonic Orchestra. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ dietsch artists: Lisa Xanthopoulou, Conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Theater Aachen: People, Yura Yang. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Lidiya Yankovskaya. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Jiemin Zhang, Naxos Records. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Ksenia Zharko biography. Retrieved July 28, 2020 (English).
- ↑ Lucia Zicos, conductor. Retrieved July 24, 2020 .
- ^ Elke Mascha Blankenburg: Female conductors in the 20th century. Portraits from Marin Alsop to Simone Young. , in: Digitales Deutsches Frauenarchiv , book, monograph, 308 pages, accessed on July 17, 2020.
- ↑ Annemarie Bernhard / Susanne Wosnitzka: Elke Mascha Blankenburg , in: Digital Archive German woman (ed.): Actors . Online article, accessed July 18, 2020.
- ↑ http://www.dirigentinnen.de/#
- ↑ http://www.kapralova.org/CONDUCTORS.htm?fbclid=IwAR2K-Glmv34nsx-AxjtpoiAKD0gNDwtujef_LihU0ENeUo3X0Hvkhdp1xUc
See also
- List of conductors
- Orchestra conductor
- Women in Music: Female Conductors
- List of women composers
- List of female jazz and improvisation musicians
- List of female musicians in electronic music
- Coloratura sopranos (several lists)
- Women in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
- Women in Music (US initiative before World War II)