Martin Ludwig von Eichmann

Martin Ludwig von Eichmann (born February 18, 1710 in Kolberg , † December 27, 1792 in Wesel ) was a Prussian infantry general .

Life

He was one of the four sons of the legal scholar, Kolberger Mayor and later District Administrator Ewald Joachim von Eichmann (1653-1714). Originally also intended by his father for an academic path, he made a different decision and in 1725 joined the “von Grumbkow” infantry regiment . Eichmann was now for the first time in the direct service of Field Marshal Grumbkow , who entrusted him with various, mainly theoretical, tasks. In 1730 he was delegated to the service of the Saxon Major General Grumkow, brother of the above, where he was promoted to ensign in 1732 and a little later to adjutant . In 1734 he was present at the siege of Danzig . Prince Czartoryski was instructed by him in Prussian weapons exercises and recommended Eichmann for this purpose to Stanisław Poniatowski , the father of the later last king of the republic . During the War of the Polish Succession , he was captured near Neustadt , but was soon released again by the commanding General Lacy .

He was then called back to Prussia and advanced to secondary lieutenant in his old regiment in 1735 and prime lieutenant in 1740 . In the War of the Austrian Succession , he was promoted to staff captain after the battle of Chotusitz , where Eichmann distinguished himself . In 1744 he took part in the successful conquest of Prague. He then moved to the Nassau Corps in Körlin , where he took on the role of Artistic Director and Quartermaster General . As such, he had previously served under General du Moulin and Field Marshal Jeetz . In Hohenfriedberg Eichmann was slightly wounded, but standing in front of thrush already back in the field. Then he got his own company . In 1756 Eichmann advanced to major . Before Lowositz he was able to distinguish himself again and received the order Pour le Mérite .

During the Seven Years' War he also attended the battles of Prague , Kollin , Moys and Wroclaw . In 1758 and 1759 he was in the king's regiment . In 1760 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. On March 15, 1760 he commanded a battalion of the regiment and was able to defend himself against six enemy cavalry regiments in front of Neustadt . In Torgau his battalion had finally been reduced to 35 men, but he was able to pick up a battalion of Croats and artillery. It was only logical that the king promoted him to colonel in 1761 . In 1762 he switched to the "Prince Heinrich" regiment , with which he was victorious in front of Freiberg . In 1766 he received the 48th Infantry Regiment and in 1767 was promoted to major general. He took an active part in the War of the Bavarian Succession , while his regiment garrisoned in Wesel . In 1781 the king promoted him to lieutenant general . In January 1791 dimitted as general of the infantry with pension . He passed away a year later.

Eichmann was also a Knight of the Black Eagle Order .

In 1787 Eichmann owned the Pomeranian estates Fichthof, Grünhof, Kösternitz , Lindenhof and Steglin according to the vassal table .

Eichmann was married twice. In 1764 he married Helene Modeste Tugendreich von Oldenburg , the youngest daughter of the Prussian Major General Georg Friedrich von Oldenburg . After the death of his first wife, he married Sophie Eleonore Henriette von Cordier (* 1756), daughter of Colonel Benjamin de Cordier (1702–1769) in 1782.

literature

• Anton Balthasar König : Martin Ludwig von Eichmann . In: Biographical lexicon of all heroes and military figures who made themselves famous in the Prussian service . tape 1 . Arnold Wever, Berlin 1788, p. 397 ( Martin Ludwig von Eichmann at Wikisource [PDF]).
• Eduard Lange : The soldiers of Frederick the Great. Leipzig 1853, pp. 52-53.
• Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 2, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632772 , p. 43, no. 570.
• Kurd Wolfgang von Schöning : The Generals of the Chur-Brandenburg and Royal Prussian Army from 1640-1840. Berlin 1840, p. 110.
• Military weekly paper . Volume 23, No. 27 of July 7, 1838, p. 108, No. 46.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : New Prussian Adelslexicon . Volume 1, Leipzig 1836, p. 116.
2. ^ Julius Theodor Bagmihl : Pommersches Wappenbuch . Stettin 1846, Volume 2, p. 193.
3. ↑ The family was one of the many French refugees who came to Brandenburg. He was born in Berlin in 1702 and joined the Prussian Army in 1718. From 1742 he had participated in all campaigns and rose to colonel in the Eichmann regiment. He died on May 26, 1760 in Wesel. Gottlob Naumann : Collection of unprinted messages to explain the history of the Prussian campaigns from 1740 to 1779. P. 540. (digitized version )