Metrobus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The name Metrobus - analogous to Metrotram - has been naturalized in Germany since 2001 for particularly qualified city ​​bus routes in local public transport (ÖPNV). The term is derived from Metropole or French Métropolitain , similar to the term Métro for the Paris subway. Since the word metro stands for subway systems in many other countries around the world , the term Metrobus can be misleading. In English, such qualified bus routes are known as Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), in French, Bus à haut niveau de service (BHNS).

Functional principle Metrobus: straightened lines on main routes

General

Metrobus lines should offer a similar quality of supply and development to high-speed rail lines in large cities . They therefore run in close succession on main routes. The aim is to offer more frequent, more direct and more reliable connections than classic city buses. Compared to normal city bus routes, the operating time is often longer. Larger vehicles such as articulated or double-decker buses are often used in order to meet the usually higher demand from passengers on these main connections . Thanks to the clear route routes, short cycle times and long operating times, Metrobus routes are easier to use (even without knowledge of timetables) than other city bus routes.

The Metrobus routes emerged from the abandonment of the previously purely transport-related view of local transport . The quality of the transport offer is to be increased. Accordingly, the metro buses are ranked on a par with the high-speed transport network and serve routes that are not covered by it with as comparable a service quality as possible.

When a Metrobus network is introduced, the existing bus route network is usually streamlined and largely redesigned. In line with the philosophy of an independent offer comparable to express transport, the Metrobus routes are brought closer to passengers through their own information systems and route network plans . In previous systems, a capital B ("MetroBus") is used as a trademark.

The Metro AG already tried the transport companies , the use of terms such as Metrobus to prohibit, but could not prevail order of court.

Metrobus networks

Berlin

Double-decker bus on line M85

In Berlin , the transport company went one step further and also transferred the Metrobus concept to the tram . So there are Metrobus and Metrotram lines, which the BVG operator collectively calls the “metro network” or “metro lines”.

Some routes in Berlin's local transport network were redesigned on December 12, 2004: Lines running parallel to the underground lines were changed to the effect that they were merged and the route was slightly changed. In the city center, many metro lines run every 5 to 10 minutes, the operating time was extended in 2006 to continuous day and night operation.

The city ​​bus network is divided into Metrobus routes (letter "M" and two-digit number), express bus routes (letter "X") and normal bus routes (three-digit number). There are also night bus routes . Lines N1 – N9 (except N4, which does not exist) replace the underground traffic (letter "N" and number of the underground) on all nights - except on Friday / Saturday, Saturday / Sunday and on public holidays -Line). The other night bus lines, some with taxi use and door-to-door service, are generally run every night. Some of them are coupled with metro lines.

Hamburg

The Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV) was the first city in Germany to introduce a network of qualified bus routes as a metro bus network in Hamburg in the summer of 2001 . It carries around 60 percent of all bus passengers and offers (on the main routes) a minimum cycle of 20 minutes until 11 p.m. The other city and regional bus routes serve largely supplementary, fine-grain distribution and introduction functions on rapid transit or metro bus routes. Metrobus lines 1–15 run as radial lines to the city center or to district centers, lines 20–27 provide cross connections.

Long before the introduction of the Metrobus routes , there was a special, higher-class bus route network in Hamburg, the express buses , whose use is subject to a surcharge. Over the decades, many of these lines were discontinued and partially replaced by city bus routes. The remaining six lines (and two minibus - district lines ) were preserved and are still subject to a surcharge.

Munich

Articulated bus on MetroBus line 54
The Munich MetroBus lines primarily serve tangential connections and radials that are not accessible from the rail network

Munich has had a Metrobus network since December 12, 2004 . On lines 50 to 63 and 68, articulated buses mostly run at least every 10 minutes during the day and guaranteed every 20 minutes in the evening. They directly connect important destinations in the districts with each other and these with the underground , S-Bahn and tram . Accordingly, these lines have roughly the same status in the transport network as the tram lines, which is also expressed by the similar color (orange for Metrobus, red for tram) in the route network maps. For some lines, a conversion into a tram line has also taken place or is intended. Before the extension of the tram line 17 to St. Emmeram on December 11, 2011, line 59 ran there and trams are to run again on the route 55 .

Braunschweig

In October 2008, Braunschweig introduced a mixed metro line network with five MetroTram and five MetroBus lines. On weekdays during the day the vehicle was driven every 10 or 15 minutes, in the evenings and on Sundays every 30 minutes. Since September 2012 there have been only three MetroTram lines (M1, M3 and M5) and two MetroBus lines (ring bus lines M19 and M29), the main feature of which was the 10-minute cycle Monday to Friday from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. In the meantime, all metro lines have been converted back into regular lines.

Dusseldorf

Since August 29, 2018, the Rheinbahn has been operating three Metrobus lines (M1-M3) within the Düsseldorf city ​​area. The metro buses run every 20 minutes from Monday to Saturday until 9 p.m. and only stop at important stops, usually with transfer options to and from S-Bahn, light rail or trams. Four- door Solaris articulated buses of the fourth generation with a special design for better recognition are used on the lines . The interior features a ticket machine , which is not yet available on the other Rheinbahn buses, internet access via WLAN and USB connections at every seat to be able to charge mobile devices.

Düsseldorf differs from the cities mentioned above in that the distance between stops on the Metrobus lines is significantly greater. Comparable offers are called Expressbus in Berlin and Munich and Schnellbus instead of Metrobus in Hamburg .

Osnabrück

Metrobuses have been in operation in Osnabrück since March 31, 2019 . The city of Osnabrück currently has 13 electric buses of the type Citea SLFA 181 Electric from the Dutch manufacturer VDL, which were purchased especially for the Metrobus lines . 49 other vehicles have already been ordered. The Metrobus routes are also partly served by older buses.

Since February 5, 2020 there have been five Metrobus lines in Osnabrück:

Hints:

Before February 5, 2020, only the M1 line was in operation.

The M3 line runs every 20 minutes from / to Hagen aTW Süd. There is a 10-minute cycle between Sutthausen and Schinkel-Ost, and in some cases between Holzhausen and Schinkel-Ost.

The M4 line runs every 20 minutes to / from the Hellern Nord industrial park. There is a 10-minute cycle between Hellern, Große Schulstraße and Belm, Schlosstraße. The journeys that go to IKEA continue as line 491 to Hasbergen via Gaste.

The M5 line runs every 20 minutes between Kreishaus / Zoo and Dodesheide, there is a 10-minute cycle between Neumarkt and Dodesheide.

Frankfurt am Main

On May 13, 2020, the city of Frankfurt announced that Metrobuses would be used from December 13, 2020. With the network, eight existing bus routes are to be given the "Metrobus line" label. This means that they will run at least every ten minutes during the day, every quarter of an hour on Sundays and public holidays, and every half hour at night.

The Metrobus network will include the following lines:

M32: Westbahnhof - Bockenheimer Warte - Miquel- / Adickesallee - Höhenstraße - Ostbahnhof

M34: Gallus Mönchhofstraße - Rödelheim train station - Industriehof - Dornbusch - Bornheim Mitte

M36: Westbahnhof - Bockenheimer Warte - Westend - Konstablerwache - Sachsenhausen Hainer Weg

M43: Bergen East - Seckbach - Bornheim center

M55 Sindlingen cemetery - Zeilsheim - Höchst train station - Mainberg - Zuckschwerdtstraße - Rödelheim train station

M60          Rödelheim Bahnhof - Heerstraße - Northwest Center - Heddernheim (- Alt-Eschersheim Im Uhrig)

M72 / M73   northwest center - Industriehof - Rödelheim / - Westbahnhof

Metro buses abroad

Abroad there are transport companies with the name Metrobus, which mostly operate normal bus routes. The Metrobus Ltd. in Crawley , England, which belongs to the Go-Ahead group, operates not only bus routes in the area south of London under the name fastway but also three bus routes in Crawley and at Gatwick Airport . T. track buses are also used.

In many countries on all continents there are qualified bus routes, often for many decades. In America and Asia they are often referred to as Busway (also BRT (Bus Rapid Transit)). Examples from the United States are the Orange Line in Los Angeles and the Silver Line in Boston . Such bus lines often have their own lanes and priority circuits at traffic lights. Some systems, such as in Boston or earlier in Seattle , are or were operated with duo buses . They run electrically in the city center as trolleybuses in the tunnel, otherwise like normal diesel buses.

Metrobüs Istanbul

Metro bus system in Istanbul

There is also a Metrobus route in Turkey. Starting in 2007, the Istanbul city ​​administration set up a semicircular BRT route with line number 34 leading around the actual city area , on which the transport company İETT operates large-capacity buses under the name Metrobüs. The buses run at frequent intervals on the E-5 motor vehicle road from Beylikdüzü to Sögütlücesme. The total route is 41.5 km long and includes 34 stops. The special thing about parts of this route is that these buses use their own route between the vehicle lanes in both directions - mostly left-hand traffic. The investments amounted to 366 million US dollars for the route and 200 million US dollars for the approximately 300 vehicles. 800,000 people are transported on the route on weekdays. Further routes are being planned.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.berliner-verkehrsseiten.de/bus/Linien/A1S/body_a1s.html
  2. ↑ Network plan Braunschweig 2016
  3. ↑ traffiQ Local Local Transport Company Frankfurt am Main: Lord Mayor Feldmann: "We are setting milestones for sustainable mobility". May 13, 2020, accessed May 15, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Metrobus company brochure 2012 ( Memento from April 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ Paths to Success . In: Omnibusspiegel . 34th year, issue 12-4. Verlag Dieter Hanke, 2012, ISSN  0724-7664 , p. 10-14 .