Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park

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Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park
Beuşnița waterfall
Beuşnița waterfall
Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Coordinates: 44 ° 56 ′ 28.5 "  N , 21 ° 50 ′ 13.3"  E
Location: Caraș-Severin , Romania
Next city: Caraș-Severin County , Reșița , Oravița
Surface: 362 km²
Length: 22nd
Founding: 2000
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The Cheile Nerei-Beuşnișa National Park (also Nera-Klamm-Beuşnița National Park , Romanian Parcul Național Cheile Nerei-Beuşnița ) is a national park in the Anina Mountains , Caraş-Severin County , in southwest Romania . It extends on an area of 36 758 hectares and consists of a karst of limestone over a length of 22 km along the Neratals with a layer height of 200 to 1116 meters at the highest peak, the Leordis peak .

history

Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park
Suspension bridge in the Neria valley

As early as 1943, the Beușnița National Park was declared a nature reserve, followed in 1973 by the Cheile Nerei Reserve ( German  Nera Gorge ). In 1990 the Semenic-Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park was founded. The current extent of the Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park was established by the Romanian Parliament by law number 5 of March 6, 2000 and published in the Official Gazette ( Monitorul Oficilal in Romanian ) number 152 of April 12, 2000. The Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park has existed since 1990 and was recognized as a Category II (National Park) protected area by the IUCN World Conservation Union in 2000 . In 2017, 4,292 hectares of the national park were added to the entry Primeval Beech Forests and Old Beech Forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe as a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

description

Wooden footbridge over the Nera
The Ochiul Beiului lake

The sources of the Nera arise in the Semenic Mountains ( Romanian Munții Semenicului ). Northeast of the summit Piatra Nedeia springs the Nergan and southeast of Piatra Gozna the Nerganiţa . On the wooded southern slope of the Semenic Mountains, the two streams unite to form the Nera. Between Pătaș and Șopotul Nou , the Nera absorbs the water that flows over the northwest flank of the Almăj Mountains ( Romanian Munții Almăjului ). She receives ample supply at Bozovici from the Minisch ( Romanian Miniș ). After leaving the fertile Almăj Valley ( Romanian Valea Almăjului ), the Nera, cutting the Banat Karst, forces its way through a magnificent rocky world. The 22 km long gorge begins at Șopotul Nou and ends at Sasca Română . Their often meandering turns are innumerable.

Karst landscape

Nature reserves in the Neria valley

Steep limestone cliffs, which are called "cârşe", "pânze" or "cleanțuri", tower up on the banks of the river. The most impressive are Cârșa Căprariului , Cracul Turburii , Cârșa Șoimului , Begul Mare , Cârșa Rolului . The "cârşe" are closest in the middle section of the gorge.

A large number of grottos , caves and karst lakes can be found here. The Peştera Dubova , Peştera Voii , Gaura Hicleană and Peştera Rolului caves are some of them. Not far from the Gaura Hicleană are the Potholes La Coveţi .

Two cave lakes Ochiul Beiului ( German  Meerauge ) and Lacul Dracului ( German  Teufelssee ) can be found in the karst area of ​​the Neratals. The Lacul Dracului was created by the collapse of a grotto. It is believed that it is fed underground by the Nera. The lake is 35 meters long, 18 meters wide and 9 meters deep. The Ochiul Beiului has an area of ​​284 square meters and is 3.6 meters deep. The Cascadele Beușniței waterfalls with a height of five meters are unique in Romania.

flora

The vegetation of the Nera Gorge National Park is extremely diverse. Here you can find endemic species as well as plants that are typical of the Mediterranean area or northern Europe . 1086 plant taxa were identified on the area of ​​the Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park, including plant species with European, Central European and Euro-Asian influence.

The forest vegetation is home to trees and shrubs such as:

Among the herbaceous plants can be found:

fauna

The fauna is represented by 1890 species of invertebrates and 124 species of vertebrates.

Among the mammals can be found:

The bird life in the national park is very diverse and is home to both native and migratory birds:

Among the reptiles and amphibians , we should mention:

The following species of fish can be found in the waters of the national park :

Directions

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. nera.exploratorii.ro ( Memento from December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), Parcul Național Cheile Nerei-Beușnița
  2. cdep.ro , LEGE no.5 din 6 martie 2000
  3. ^ Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, Maps . accessed on August 29, 2017.
  4. a b c A picture book of nature: the Nera Gorge. ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) on eastern-images.de
  5. Parcul Național Cheile Nerei-Beușnița on turismland.ro
  6. natura2000.mmediu.ro - Cheile Nerei - Beusnita ( Memento of 29 December 2015, Internet Archive ); Retrieved June 5, 2012.
  7. a b c d Parcul Național Cheile Nerei-Beușnița. ( Memento from November 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) on infocheilenerei.ro