Northern Thuringian hill country

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Northern Thuringian hill country
surface 498 km²
Systematics according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Greater region 1st order Low mountain range threshold
Main unit group 47/48 →
Thuringian Basin (with edge plates)
Natural space 484 →
Northern Thuringian hill country
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 27 '47.5 "  N , 10 ° 42' 46"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 27 '47.5 "  N , 10 ° 42' 46"  E
North Thuringian hill country (Thuringia)
Northern Thuringian hill country
Location Northern Thuringian hill country
circle Nordhausen district , Kyffhäuserkreis , Eichsfeld district
state Thuringia
Country Germany
The upper helmet for divisions

The North Thuringian hill country is a hilly landscape in the north of Thuringia in the districts of Nordhausen , Kyffhäuser and with a small proportion in the district of Eichsfeld .

It lies between the Harz Mountains in the north, the Kyffhäuser Mountains in the east and the Hainleite in the south and, according to the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany, belongs to the Thuringian Basin (with edge plates) .

The landscape stands out from most of the neighboring landscapes due to the red sandstone . The best-known part of the landscape is the Windleite ridge in the southeast.

Geographical location

The northern Thuringian hill country extends from the west of the Ohmgebirgsrand at Bischofferode to the southeast along the northern edge of the Hainleite to just before Oldisleben and in the north along a line from Mackenrode to Niedersachswerfen and from there back to the south past the western edge of the Kyffhäuser . The most important cities are Nordhausen in the northeast, Sondershausen in the south and Bleicherode in the west of the basin landscape.

Natural classification

The North Thuringian hill country, which takes up approx. 498 km² total area, represents the main unit 484 within the natural spatial main unit group Thuringian Basin (with edge plates) .

A detailed breakdown is only available for the northern part of the landscape:

Neighboring natural areas and the immediate peripheral elevations of the northern Thuringian hill country start clockwise in the south:

View from Lohra Castle over the western part of the northern Thuringian hill country near Bleicherode (the Harz mountains in the background)

Some elevations in the west can orographically be assigned to the Ohm Mountains.

Classification according to TLUG

According to the purely inner- Thuringian division The natural spaces of Thuringia of the Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology in Jena (TLUG), the northern Thuringian hill country is part of the 910 km² unit of northern Thuringian red sandstone country , which in the west also includes the Thuringian part of the red sandstone landscapes of the northern Eichsfeld mountains (excluding the Muschelenzueche mountains) -Bleicheröder Berge ) and in the northeast, east of the Zorge , the small northwestern part of the Unteren Unstrut mountain and hill country, separated by the state border with Saxony-Anhalt .

In the north-eastern part this corresponds to the BfN's landscape profile, which differs slightly from the manual for the northern Thuringian hill country, which then covers an area of ​​572 km² and extends to the left of the Zorge as far as the Thyra near Berga (Kyffhäuser) (Saxony-Anhalt).

Geology and nature

The basin-like hilly landscape, consisting entirely of red sandstone , is predominantly used for agriculture, in the valleys there are deposits of loess and other loose rock. There are numerous sinkholes from underground leaching.

The landscape is interspersed with individual chains of hills and forest areas, only the wind deflector in the south-east is stronger and more delicate. The forest areas consist predominantly of mixed oak and beech forests, interspersed with spruce cultures and alder and ash trees can also be found in the valleys.

The potash heaps near Sondershausen

The following nature reserves exist in the northern Thuringian hill country:

  • NSG Stadtforst Sondershausen 40 hectares (since 1961)
  • NSG Gatterberge 44 hectares (1999)

In the south and west of the northern Thuringian hill country, potash salt was extracted in numerous pits in the southern Harz potash district near Sondershausen and Bleicherode until the beginning of the 1990s , and it has clearly shaped the landscape to this day.

mountains

The Windleite north of Sondershausen

The most important mountains and elevations of the northern Thuringian hill country are according to height:

  • Elevation of the wind deflector with selection:
    • Zimmerberg (374.4 m) in the center, Kyffhäuserkreis. northeast of Sondershausen
    • Steinberg (308.9 m) in the western part, Nordhausen district, south of Uthleben
    • Seegaer Berg (287.4 m) in the eastern part, Kyffhäuserkreis, north of Seega
  • Steinberg (385.8 m), Eichsfeld district, west of Werningerode (OT von Steinrode), eastern foothills of the Ohm Mountains
  • Bauerberg (360.4 m), border area of ​​the Eichsfeld / Nordhausen district, south of Werningerode, east. Foothills of the Ohm Mountains
  • nameless (337.0 m), Nordhausen district, south of Elende
  • Himbeerberg (328.8), Nordhausen district, south of Trebra , eastern foothills of the Ohm Mountains
  • Junkerberg (324.0 m), Nordhausen district, south of Mauderode
  • Butterberg (298.8 m), Nordhausen district, west of Werther
  • Schernberg (291.7 m), Nordhausen district, south of Großwechselungen
  • Herrmannsberg (272.8 m), Nordhausen district, north of Limlingerode

Waters

The northern Thuringian hill country is mainly drained to the east. The most important river is the heavily regulated Wipper in the south, which , coming from Unteren Eichsfeld , runs north of the Hainleite to the southeast and leaves the hill country in the Wipper breakthrough near Seega . As the largest tributary, the Bode (left) flows into the Wipper at Bleicherode , while smaller tributaries are the Renkgraben (right), Böllinger Graben (left), Hainröder Bach (right), Klinge (left) and the Bebra (right). The Wipper is heavily salty due to the leaching of the salt spoil heaps in the southern Harz region.

In the north, the Helme and its numerous small tributaries, including the Ichte , which has already come from the Harz Mountains, forms a wide valley, which, down the valley, south of Nordhausen, forms the landscape of the Golden Aue .

On the north side of the Windleite, numerous small streams arise north to the Helme and east in the direction of Bad Frankenhausen to Solgraben .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ E. Meynen and J. Schmithüsen : Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953-1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960)
  2. ↑ J. Spönemann: Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 100 Halberstadt - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1970 → online map
  3. ↑ The middle and southern parts of the hill country would have been on sheet 113 Sondershausen , which was no longer published and was therefore not described in more detail
  4. ^ Walter Hiekel, Frank Fritzlar, Andreas Nöllert and Werner Westhus: The natural spaces of Thuringia . Ed .: Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), Thuringian Ministry for Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Environment . 2004, ISSN  0863-2448 . → Natural area map of Thuringia (TLUG) - PDF; 260 kB → Maps by district (TLUG)

  5. ↑ Landscape profile North Thuringian hill country  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bfn.de  
  6. ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )

Web links

Commons : Nordthüringer Hügelland  - collection of images, videos and audio files