Distress cry
| Distress cry | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Obelisk at Notschrei, behind it the road pass |
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| Compass direction | north | south | |
| Pass height | 1120.1 m above sea level NHN | ||
| state | Baden-Württemberg | ||
| Watershed | Buselbach → Brugga → Dreisam → Elz → Upper Rhine | Schönenbach → Wiese → Hochrhein | |
| Valley locations | Oberried / Freiburg | Todtnau | |
| expansion | State road 126/124 | ||
| Built | 1849 | 1855 | |
| Mountains | Black Forest | ||
| Map (Baden-Württemberg) | |||
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 52 '35 " N , 7 ° 54' 34" E | ||
The Notschrei is a mountain pass in the southern Black Forest between the Dreisamtal in the Freiburg area in the north and the upper Wiesental in the south. It connects the valley towns of Oberried in the north and Todtnau in the south via state road 126 . State road 124 branches off from state road 126 at Notschrei and leads north-west over the heap on the Schauinsland to Freiburg.
profile
The pass height with 1120.1 m above sea level. NHN is located five kilometers west of the Feldberg on the Todtnau district, making it the second highest pass in the Lörrach district after the Hohtannhöhe . Before the north ascent of the state road 126 south of Oberried, a spur road leads east into the St. Wilhelmer Valley , which belongs to Oberried ; Halfway up at Steinwasen Park, the 4996 district road branches off to Hofsgrund and to the 124 state road on the dump near the Schauinsland. On the south side, between the top of the pass and Todtnau, are the villages of Muggenbrunn and Aftersteg , between which a cul-de-sac leads to the eastern part of the municipality Todtnauberg .
In 1854, near the top of the pass, an inn, also named Notschrei, was built in the course of road expansion, and has since been expanded into a four-star forest hotel on the Notschreipass .
Tourism, infrastructure and sport
The Notschrei is heavily developed for tourism. In summer it is the starting point for hikes in the direction of Wiedener Eck , Schauinsland and Feldberg and in winter the start of the Notschrei trails in the direction of Schauinsland, Wiedener Eck, Stübenwasen and Feldberg. There are several ski lifts and hotels near the pass.
The western variant of the Westweg runs between Feldberg and Belchen over the Notschrei.
The Notschrei was used in the Tour de France 1971 and was part of the stage from Basel to Freiburg ; it was rated as a 2nd category mountain .
History and naming
The road leads from the Oberrieder valley to the top of the pass at the so-called Schwendle, the watershed between Dreisam and Wiesental. Since its completion in 1848, this place has been called "Notschrei". This is a geographical term and a historical process.
First plans
In 1780, still under the government of Front Austria , the construction of a pass road from Todtnau to Oberried over the 1119 m high Schwendle was planned to better connect the area around Sankt Blasien and Waldshut to the Breisgau . When Todtnau became Baden under Napoleon , the place needed new impulses because mining was over. Structural change was urgently needed, and the first industrial developments came about through the influx of Swiss capital. So there were soon numerous manufactories such as brush factories (the first in 1765), a sugar factory (the first in 1826), a paper factory and spinning mills . However, it turned out to be problematic to sell the products - the remote location of the valley and its communities led to high transport costs. Freiburg, at that time already flourishing city in Breisgau, could not even be reached directly by cart. There was only one steep path that led via Aftersteg, Muggenbrunn, Halde and Horben to Günterstal and was often unusable in winter. Between Todtnau and Halde, an ascent of 500 meters had to be mastered and then dismantled again. This path could only be used with pack horses and two-wheeled handcarts.
Unsuccessful requests in the Grand Duchy
The Grand Duchy of Baden had other interests than road construction, although in addition to Todtnau, other communities in the neighboring Black Forest valleys also expressed interest in a road into the Breisgau. The Dreisamabbot, for example, demanded a road across Hofsgrund out of consideration for his forests. But above all Todtnau and Schönau rivaled for the road project. As a freshly baked Baden official town in Karlsruhe, Schönau had more political weight than Todtnau and found support in the demand for a road across the Wiedener Eck to Staufen .
For the first time in 1819, in the first state parliament in Karlsruhe, the municipalities of the upper Wiesental submitted a petition in which they demanded a road from Todtnau via Muggenbrunn, St. Wilhelm to Oberried as a connection to the already existing connection between Kirchzarten and Freiburg. In 1844 a decision was made, but for a road between Utzenfeld over Wiedener Eck through the Münstertal to Staufen.
The crisis year 1847
In 1847 hunger and unemployment spread in the Wiesental, which led to a renewal of the demand - the population felt abandoned by the government in Karlsruhe. Many Todtnauer and Zeller have already openly expressed themselves about the goals of the Baden Revolution and its representatives, Hecker and Struve . In order to prevent an uprising by the population, the Karlsruhe government now had to act and respond to the “emergency cry”, the urgent petition.
Numerous public figures spoke out in favor of Todtnau's demand for road links. The Zell merchant and textile engineer Johann Faller - born in Todtnau and member of the Second Chamber in Karlsruhe - supported the Todtnau petition together with the Schopfheim MP Gottschalk. One of the decisive factors was the intervention of the district forester Friedrich Julius Gerwig from Kirchzarten (his cousin Robert Gerwig had built the Black Forest Railway , among other things ), who took the position of the state forest authority that the 1200 acres of state forests on Notschrei and the resulting use of the wood through a logging path will be made considerably easier.
30 years after the first demand, the decision was made in the grand ducal state parliament on November 13, 1847 to build the road over today's emergency call pass. The road construction was carried out on account of the forest domain tax authorities, the affected communities only had to provide the required land free of charge. Both the population and the already resident manufacturers were extremely satisfied and felt reconciled with the rule. The revolution was (at least initially) forgotten.
Three grand dukes had dealt with the project: Ludwig I , Leopold and Friedrich I.
execution
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In 1848/49 the first 7 km for 36,000 guilders between Notschrei and Oberried were built and inaugurated on November 13, 1848. The road was around 6 m wide and had an incline of 5–11%. However, the festival program for the inauguration of the street fell victim to the masses of snow. The mayor Kelle from Todtnau described the connection to Freiburg as a "necessary lifeline".
In 1855 the section between Todtnau and Notschrei was completed for 37,000 guilders. The traffic had then grown to 17,160 quintals of transported goods, but the transport costs had decreased from 36–40 kreuzers per hundredweight to around 18 kreuzers / hundredweight.
monument
Out of relief and gratitude, the Todtnau citizens erected a 6 foot stone obelisk with an inscription .
Carved in stone it can be read:
- East Side
- Dedicated to His Royal Highness the Grand Duke Leopold in deep reverence by the communities of the former Talvogtei Todtnau.
- Street side
- His Royal Highness the Prince Regent Friedrich in deep awe.
- West side
- After 30 years of unsuccessful petitions to the high government and all state parliaments for this road, the deeply felt need was finally remedied in the cry of need of the communities in the famine year 1847 by sending HRH [His Royal Highness] the Grand Duke the matter to the management of the forest domains and mines Its director immediately recognized the need in all its magnitude, entrusted the execution of the road to the district forester Gerwig, who introduced it and carried it out afterwards. Hence these thanks to both men.
- Erected on the day the new road was opened, November 13th 1848.
Further planning
Around 1991, consideration was still being given to relieving the pass road, which was heavily used by commuters, residents and tourists, by a railway over the Notschrei or a tunnel through the Schauinsland, but these plans are currently not being pursued despite the unchanged heavy traffic load.
Web links
swell
- Text in the Badische Zeitung by Hubert Döbele [1998]. (Newspaper clipping without specifying the date).
- “How the crossing point 'Notschrei' got its name. A piece of local history, but a sad chapter ”. (Newspaper clipping without specifying the date and name).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ La côte de Notschrei dans le Tour de France. Le Dico du Tour, accessed July 15, 2014 (French).