Osuna (Seville)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Osuna municipality
Osuna - town view
Osuna - town view
coat of arms Map of Spain
Osuna Coat of Arms
Osuna (Seville) (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Andalusia
Province : Seville
Comarca : Sierra Sur de Seville
Coordinates 37 ° 14 ′  N , 5 ° 6 ′  W Coordinates: 37 ° 14 ′  N , 5 ° 6 ′  W
Height : 270  msnm
Area : 592.49 km²
Residents : 17,560 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 29.64 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 41640
Municipality number  ( INE ): 41068
administration
Website : Osuna

Osuna is a small town in southern Spain and a municipality ( municipio ) consisting of several hamlets (pedanías) and individual farmsteads with a total of 17,560 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the province of Seville in the autonomous region of Andalusia . The historically and artistically significant city has been classified as a Conjunto histórico-artístico since 1967 .

Location and climate

The city of Osuna is a good 87 km east of the provincial capital Seville and approx. 120 km northwest of Málaga at an altitude of about 270 to 290  m . The climate in winter is temperate, while in summer it is warm to hot; the amount of precipitation (approx. 660 mm / year) falls - with the exception of the almost rainless summer months - distributed over the whole year.

Population development

year 1857 1900 1950 2000 2019
Residents 17,480 18,072 23,250 17,290 17,560

The significant population decline since the 1950s is mainly due to the mechanization of agriculture , the abandonment of small farms and the resulting loss of jobs.

economy

The people of earlier centuries lived essentially as self-sufficiency from agriculture, which also included wine and olive growing; Traders, craftsmen and service providers of all kinds also settled in the village. Today the cultivation of wheat , cotton and olives as well as small industries and the domestic Spanish tourism play a not insignificant role in the economic life of the municipality.

history

University and collegiate church
Interior of the collegiate church
Tower of the Mercedarian Church

Small Neolithic finds were made in the municipality , and Bronze Age ceramic shards were also discovered. In ancient times the area was under Phoenician , later under Carthaginian influence. Some figures from Iberian or Celtiberian times are now in the Museo Arqueológico Nacional de España (MAN) in Madrid . The Romans took over the already existing place name Urso ; Markus Antonius founded here around 40 BC. A veterans colony . Almost nothing is known from the Visigothic times . At the beginning of the 8th century the region was overrun by the Moors ; they called the place Ûsuna or Oxona . In 1239 Osuna was taken over by Ferdinand III's troops . Recaptured by Castile (ruled 1230–1252) ( reconquista ) , then incorporated into the Kingdom of Seville and handed over to the Calatrava Order of Knights in 1264 , who passed it on to his grand master Pedro Téllez de Girón in the middle of the 15th century . His descendant Juan Téllez de Girón (1494–1558) shaped the image of the city through his buildings to this day. In 1562, Pedro Téllez de Girón received the title of Duke of Osuna from Philip II (reigned 1556–1598) , which the family held until the last Duchess died in 2015.

Attractions

  • Around the middle of the 16th century, Juan Téllez de Girón founded a hospital or university outside the city walls, whose building, flanked by four slender corner towers, is more reminiscent of a mosque.
  • The three-aisled collegiate church Nuestra Señora de la Asunción was built around the same time in the transitional style from the late Gothic to the Renaissance . A rather austere exterior is opposed to a richly furnished interior with numerous baroque altars . A plateresque portal with death insignia leads to the area of ​​the Pantheón Ducal , which serves as the burial place of the Dukes of Osuna. A Museo de Arte Sacro with numerous exhibits of religious art is located in an annex building .
  • The Convento de la Merced belonged to the Mercedarian Order . The building was built in the 17th century; the remarkable baroque tower dates from 1767 to 1775.
  • The interior of the Iglesia del convento de la encarnación with its uniform baroque design and the cloister also deserve attention.
  • Numerous other churches are of lesser importance in terms of art history.
  • The late Baroque facade of the property of the Cathedral of Seville belonging Cilla del Cabildo is a jewel of secular architecture of the city.
  • The same applies to the facade of the Palacio de los Condes de la Gomera , which was completed in 1770 and now serves as a hotel-restaurant.
  • Numerous finds from the region are exhibited in the Museo Arqueológico Torre de Agua . The building itself, integrated into the Almohad city wall, dates back to the Moorish era and served as a water reservoir ; it was restored by the Calatrava order.
Surroundings
  • On the outskirts are the rather sparse ruins of the Roman city of Urso ; the associated amphitheater is located on private property. Interesting are the quarries, which are sometimes used for music events because of their acoustics, with a modern “rock temple” with two figures of a horned trumpeter and the museum; there is a Roman necropolis nearby .

  • Church of the Convento de la Encarnación

  • Cilla del Cabildo

  • Palacio de los Condes de la Gomera

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Osuna  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ Osuna - Conjunto histórico
  3. ↑ Osuna - climate tables
  4. ↑ Osuna - population development
  5. ↑ Osuna - Economy
  6. ↑ Osuna History
  7. ↑ Osuna - History in Key Words
  8. ↑ Osuna - Universidad ( Memento of the original from December 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.osuna.es
  9. ↑ Osuna - Colegiata
  10. ^ Osuna - Mercedarian Convention
  11. ^ Osuna - Convento de la Encarnación
  12. ↑ Osuna - Cilla del Cabildo
  13. ↑ Osuna - Palacio de los Condes de Gomera
  14. ^ Osuna - Archaeological Museum
  15. ↑ Osuna / Urso - History and Bibliography