Johann Gramann

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johann Gramann (or Graumann , called John Poliander by Gräzisierung from πολιός Polios , gray 'and ἀνήρ Aner , man' with the root word ἀνδρ- andr- * 5. July 1487 in Neustadt ; † 29. April 1541 in Königsberg ) was a Roman Catholic pastor and theologian , educator , humanist , Lutheran reformer and hymn poet . He worked as the rector of the Thomas School in Leipzig .

Live and act

Gramann comes from a family of craftsmen based in the Rhine-Main area and was born in Neustadt an der Aisch in Central Franconia . From 1503 he studied at the University of Leipzig and from 1519 a. a. with Philipp Melanchthon and Martin Luther at the University of Wittenberg . In 1507 he received a baccalaureus and in 1516 a master's degree in philosophy . In 1520 he received his doctorate in theology in Leipzig and gave lectures on Holy Scripture. He became a teacher in 1516 and rector of the Thomas School in Leipzig in 1520 . During his term of office, he fell out with the Roman Catholic Church.

At the Leipzig disputation from June 27 to July 16, 1519 between Martin Luther and Andreas Bodenstein and Johannes Eck at the Pleißenburg , he took on Eck's speeches in writing because of his friendship with the humanist Petrus Mosellanus and his beautiful handwriting, as his Amanuensis to lay down. Nevertheless, he then turned to the Reformation and became an opponent of Duke George of Saxony . From 1522 to 1525 he worked as cathedral preacher and successor to Paul Speratus at the Würzburg Cathedral and as a canon at the Neumünster collegiate monastery , where he was unable to enforce the Reformation. In Würzburg he vehemently opposed the veneration of saints . The German Peasants' War drove him around during this time and he left the city in 1525.

After a stopover in Wittenberg , where he made copies of Luther's sermons, he became pastor at the Church of St. Klara in Nuremberg that same year . On Luther's recommendation, Duke Albrecht of Prussia summoned him to Königsberg in 1526 . On his journey he preached in Eisleben and met Melanchthon and Luther in Wittenberg.

He officiated as pastor and successor to Johannes Amandi at the Old Town Church . In particular , he had to deal with the emergence of the radical Reformation movement of the Anabaptists . In the Rastenburg Religious Discussion , he assisted Martin Luther and pushed the Anabaptists around Kaspar Schwenckfeld back.

Gramann advised the duke particularly on the organization of the school system and founded the school himself, from which the Königsberg University emerged in 1544 .

Together with Paul Speratus and Johann Briesmann , he is one of the most important reformers in Prussia . Luther gave them the honorary name Prussorum Evangelistae .

As a song writer, Gramann became known through the text to the chorale Nun lob, mein Seel, den Herren ( EG 289), which was written on behalf of Duke Albrecht based on Psalm 103 and was also included in Sigmund Hemmel's psalter setting . The conductor Hans Kugelmann underlay the text with the originally secular melody sung to this day. Gramann is probably also the author of the song I have to sing Merry .

Poliander bequeathed his private library in Königsberg, which laid the foundation stone for the city ​​library in Königsberg .

Works (selection)

  • An urteyl about the hard book Dr. Martin Luther's against the uproaring pauren .

Remembrance day

April 28 in the Evangelical Name Calendar .

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Gramann, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Graumann, Johann; Poliander, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German reformer and poet of hymns
DATE OF BIRTH July 5, 1487
PLACE OF BIRTH Neustadt an der Aisch , Franconia
DATE OF DEATH April 29, 1541
Place of death Koenigsberg , Prussia