Pratt & Whitney
| Pratt & Whitney | |
|---|---|
| legal form | Division of Raytheon Technologies |
| founding | 1925 |
| Seat | East Hartford |
| Number of employees | approx. 35,000 (2010) |
| sales | $ 12.94 billion (2010) |
| Branch | Aerospace Engineering |
| Website | www.prattwhitney.com |
Pratt & Whitney (short P & W ) is a US-based companies in the aerospace engineering , based in East Hartford . P & W is now a division of Raytheon Technologies and began in 1925 with the construction of piston - aircraft engines . Today, P&W is one of three major manufacturers of jet engines for aircraft worldwide, alongside GE Aviation and the British Rolls-Royce .
history
In 1925, Frederick Brant Rentschler , a veteran aviator of the First World War , was looking for donors to develop an aircraft engine . He found appropriate financial and spatial support in the machine tool and weapons manufacturer "Pratt & Whitney Company", which belongs to the Niles-Bement-Pond group. The Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Company was founded as a subsidiary . In 1929 Rentschler merged the company with Boeing , Sikorsky Aircraft and others to form United Aircraft and Transport Corporation . He received the right to continue using the brand name Pratt & Whitney. The original company still exists today as Pratt & Whitney Measurement Systems , based in Bloomfield, Connecticut .
The US antitrust authorities reacted to the dominant position of the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation in 1934 with the dissolution. The United Aircraft Corporation emerged from the break-up (since 1975 United Technologies Corporation ).
Earlier engines
In 1925 the first P&W aircraft engine ran on the test bench. The nine-cylinder radial engine R-1340 "Wasp" (Wasp) was built until 1960. Especially during the Second World War , P & W and its licensees manufactured piston engines of the Wasp series in large numbers:
- R-985 Wasp Junior (9-cylinder radial engine)
- R-1340 Wasp (9-cylinder radial engine with 430 to 608 hp)
- R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior (14-cylinder double radial engine)
- R-1690 Hornet (9-cylinder radial engine)
- R-1830 Twin Wasp (14-cylinder double radial engine with 1,200 hp, e.g. for the B-24 bomber)
- R-2000 Twin Wasp (14-cylinder double radial engine with 1,450 hp for the Douglas DC-4 )
- R-2800 Double Wasp (18-cylinder double radial engine with 2,400 hp for the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt , the Chance Vought F4U Corsair , the Grumman F6F Hellcat and the Grumman F8F Bearcat fighters; Douglas DC-6 , Convair CV-240 / 340 / 440 and Martin 2-0-2 / 4-0-4 )
- R-4360 Wasp Major (28-cylinder quadruple radial engine with 3,500 hp for the Boeing B-50 bomber and the Boeing 377 )
After the end of the Second World War, Pratt & Whitney shifted increasingly to the development and construction of jet engines . The following engines in particular became known:
- J52 for the A-4 Skyhawk , the A-6 Intruder and the EA-6 Prowler
- JT3 / J57 with a production number of over 21,000 units, including for the Boeing 707 , the Douglas DC-8 , the Boeing B-52 , the North American F-100 and the Lockheed U-2
- J58 / JT11D for the Lockheed SR-71
- JT3D for the Boeing 707 , the Douglas DC-8 and the Boeing B-52 with a number of 8,600 units
- JT8D , available for the Boeing 727 , Boeing 737 -100 / -200, Douglas DC-9 and McDonnell Douglas MD-80
- JT9D , with which the Boeing 747 , the Boeing 767 , the Airbus A300 , the Airbus A310 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 are equipped
- JT12 / J60 for the Lockheed Jetstar , the McDonnell M119 and the North American Sabreliner
- TF30 for the General Dynamics F-111 and the Grumman F-14 (internal company name: JTF10A)
- F100 for the McDonnell Douglas F-15 and General Dynamics F-16
Current engines
The modern jet engines for commercial aircraft produced by Pratt & Whitney can be recognized by the type designation PW , as is the case with the types currently sold:
- PW2000 ( Turbofan ) for the Boeing 757 , the Ilyushin Il-96 and the C-17 Globemaster III
- PW4000 (Turbofan) for the Boeing 747 , the Boeing 767 , the Boeing 777 , the MD-11 , the Airbus A300 , the Airbus A310 and the Airbus A330
- PW6000 (Turbofan) for the Airbus A318 .
- PW1000G ( geared turbofan ) for Mitsubishi Regional Jet , Airbus A220 and A320neo
Engines for military aircraft from P&W:
- the F119 for the F-22 Raptor
- the F135 for the F-35 Lightning II .
In addition to engines for passenger planes, combat aircraft ( Lockheed and McDonnell Douglas , now Boeing) and for helicopters, P & W also produces high-performance pumps, booster rockets and engines for the space shuttle , engines for the Centaur rocket stage and aeroderivative gas turbines for power plants .
- H-1 for the Saturn I , IB, Jupiter and some Delta rockets
- F-1 for the Saturn V .
- J-2 for the Saturn IB and Saturn V rockets and as a second stage for the previously planned Ares I and Ares V rockets.
- SSME as the space shuttle main engine
- RS-68 for the Delta IV first stage and the core stage of the Ares V
- RS-27A for the Delta II / III and Atlas ICBM
- RL-10 in the Centaur upper stage of the Atlas V and the second stage of the Delta IV
Together with Rolls-Royce and other companies, the International Aero Engines (IAE) produces the V2500 engine. To build the GP7200 engine for the Airbus A380 , P & W founded the Engine Alliance together with General Electric .
Pratt & Whitney Canada
Québec- based Pratt & Whitney Canada builds smaller aircraft engines for business jets , regional airliners and helicopters .
- JT15D for small jets
- PT6 , a turboprop turbine for many smaller types of aircraft and helicopters such as the Pilatus Porter
- PW100 -Turboprop series, e.g. for ATR 42 and ATR 72
- PW200 , a helicopter turbine
- PW300 - Turbofan for medium-sized business and regional jets
- PW500 turbo fan for the Cessna Citation
- PW600F turbofan and PW600P turboprop for small and very small business jets
- PW800: Turbofan for medium to large business and regional jets
In addition, Pratt & Whitney Canada also manufactures aeroderivatives and auxiliary power units (auxiliary gas turbines):
- PW901A for the Boeing 747 -400
- PW980A for the Airbus A380 with a power equivalent to that of a turboprop engine.
Pratt & Whitney Canada built a new plant at Montréal-Mirabel Airport for final assembly and testing of the PW800 engine family and flight test operations for the entire company .
Web links
- Pratt & Whitney homepage
- Pratt & Whitney Canada (Small Engines) homepage , accessed March 6, 2011
- Exemplary properties of a P&W Canada turbine ( Memento from July 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on March 6, 2011 (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Pratt & Whitney: An Overview
- ↑ Aero 12/2008, p. 46