Radensdorf (Calau)

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City of Calau
Radensdorf coat of arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ′ 19 ″  N , 13 ° 50 ′ 11 ″  E
Height : 90 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 35  (Jun 1, 2020)
Incorporation : July 1, 1950
Incorporated into: Craupe
Postal code : 03205
Area code : 035435

Radensdorf , Radowańk in Lower Sorbian , is part of the municipality of Craupe , which is part of the town of Calau , in the west of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg . Radensdorf belongs to the parish of Groß Mehßow.

Places with similar names are Radensdorf bei Lübben and Radensdorf bei Drebkau.

location

Entrance to Radensdorf

Radensdorf is located in Niederlausitz in the Niederlausitzer Landücken nature park . North of the village is the Calau district of Groß Mehßow with its municipality of Klein Mehßow, further to the north is the town of Tugam , which is already in the district of Dahme-Spreewald . In the west, Radensdorf borders the town of Schrakau , which, like Radensdorf, is a part of the municipality of Craupe, which follows in an easterly direction. Gollmitz is located in the southeast .

Radensdorf was founded between two formerly small swamp areas of the Radensdorfer Graben. About 200 m south of the village is the headwaters of this small and short river, which runs through the village and already flows into the Schrake some 300 m north (88 m above sea level). While the location is at an average altitude of 90 m above sea level, the terrain rises in a southerly direction towards the Niederlausitzer land ridge and reaches heights of 132 - 134 m above sea level with the small and large Großmannsberg, which lie on the Gollmitzer border. To the east of the Radensdorf settlement, a deep borehole revealed an 8 m thick lignite seam under a 32 m thick cover layer.

history

Former inn in Radensdorf

Radensdorf was first mentioned as Radenstorf in 1469 (Luckau document no. 230 of July 20, 1469). The type of settlement (old settlement) is to be seen as a dead end , the later settlement as a street village . In the oldest Lower Lusatian fiefdom register, the place is recorded on August 26, 1541 as Rademstorff . Today's name Radensdorf appears on July 20, 1577 . The spelling was hardly changed in the following centuries, in contrast to neighboring Schrakau . The Radensdorff shape is still known. The Sorbian name variant was called Radowank in 1761 . The name can be traced back to a personal name with the stem Rad- . Arnošt Muka also makes a connection with the term radowaś se = "delight yourself".

In 1900 the size of the district was 315 hectares.

Radensdorf belonged to the Craupe rule (from Buxdorf until 1541, from Polenz 1541, 1577, from Houwald 1811, Beuchel 1843). The last landowner was Walter Höpke until it was expropriated in 1945. Up until 1820 Radensdorf was parish in Groß Jehser . Since then Radensdorf has belonged to the Groß Mehßower Church. Radensdorf has been a pure farming village since time immemorial, which was subject to the manor in Craupe. In 1708 9 farm properties and one farm property were named, with 21 residents between 12 and 60 years of age. In 1755 there were 56 inhabitants in Radensdorf: 31 male and 25 female. The agrarian reform in the 19th century named 4 farmers, 6 half-farmers, 1 Kossät and the mill owner. In 1818 Radensdorf had 69 inhabitants in 12 houses. It is not known whether the mill and the Stoppe site, which were located in the Groß-Mehßow area, were included.

The harvest in the district was in 1755: 16,640 liters of grain, including 2500 liters of barley, 2912 liters of oats, 286 liters of peas, 2262 liters of heather (common buckwheat) and wheat. Furthermore 770 liters of flax, 260 liters of millet and an undisclosed number of potatoes.

The court affiliation was to the Patrimonialgericht Craupe until 1849, from 1850 to 1878 District Court Commission Calau, from 1879 to 1951 District Court Calau, then District Court Cottbus.

As a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Radensdorf came with the entire Lower Lusatia to the Kingdom of Prussia and initially still belonged to the district of Luckau, from 1836 to the district of Calau . Radensdorf was incorporated into Craupe together with Schrakau on July 1, 1950. After the Second World War, Radensdorf belonged to the Calau district, which was newly founded in 1952 . The place belongs to the church district Niederlausitz . On December 31, 2001 Craupe was incorporated into the town of Calau with its parts of the community and the towns of Buckow , Gollmitz , Groß Jehser and Zinnitz .

Population development

Population development in Radensdorf from 1846 to 1946
year Residents year Residents
1846 96 1875 78
1890 74 1910 53
1925 60 1933 49
1939 41 1946 70

Radensdorf mill

Excerpt from the separation map of Groß-Mehßow 1828. The Radensdorfer mill and the Stoppe property are assigned to Groß-Mehßow - recognizable by the numbering.

The Radensdorfer mill was the second mill on the Schrake. Although the Schrake also flows through the district of Radensdorf, the mill was built on the Groß Mehßower area - this is where the prerequisites for it arose. In the more recent past (around the 20th century) these 2 properties (the mill property and a neighboring property) were separated from Groß Mehßow and attached to Radensdorf.

The Radensdorfer Mühle was a grinding and sawmill. It had two overshot waterwheels over three meters in diameter and four feet wide. Above the mill the barrier was very wide. To improve the water conditions, a pond was created in front of the mill in the middle of the 19th century and was called the mill pond. The mill pond was needed to get more power for the water wheels from the additional water. If the frame saw needed a lot of power, for example to saw large oaks, the additional water was essential. In addition, the mill pond often provided enough water that both mills could be operated at the same time.

The grinder had a grist alley, a stone entrance for flour and a roller mill. After the grain had passed the cleaning and peeling machine, it went to one of the grinding aisles. Seven took over a plansifter. Up to a ton of grain could be processed in the mill every day. The cutting mill had its own water wheel and a vertical gate with a saw.

In 1940 the drive of both mills was switched to electric motors because the owners of the land below the mill no longer fulfilled their obligation to clear the stream. The grinding mill was shut down in 1955 and the sawmill 20 years later, in 1975.

The first evidence of the Radensdorf mill can be found in the Groß Mehßower church book from 1600:  Albin of the miller von Radensdorf's son Christoff baptized. A few weeks later, the Radensdorf miller himself was the godfather:  On May 9, Peter of the judge von Radensdorf's son Christoff was baptized. Godparents: ... Albinus the Miller, ...

Further owners in the 19th and 20th centuries were Johann Gottlob Liepack from 1830, Johann Gottlob Lieske from 1870, Karl Wilhelm Berthold Mielack from 1888 and Paul Freund from 1922.

Culture and sights

The Lower Lusatian mining tour cycle path leads through the village.

Economy and Infrastructure

The A13 federal motorway runs east of Radensdorf .

Web links

Commons : Radensdorf  - Collection of Images

literature

  • Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975.
  • Helmut Jentsch: The watermills on Schrake, Klepna and Dobra . Self-published, Zinnitz 1997.
  • Rainer Kamenz: The Groß-Mehßower parish - the Groß- and Klein-Mehßower village chronicle . 2016.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information from the residents' registration office of the city of Calau from June 18, 2020.
  2. ↑ Homagial Book I, sheet 49a
  3. ^ Lehnbuch V, page 186
  4. ↑ Arnost Muka: Serbski zemjepisny słowničk. Budyšin, 1927, p. 80 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7
  6. ↑ Brandenburg statistics for the years from 1875 (PDF)