Rasch (Breitenbrunn)

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Quickly
Breitenbrunn market
Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ′ 53 ″  N , 11 ° 39 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 178  (1987)
Postal code : 92363
Area code : 09495
View of the place
View of the place

Rasch is a village in the market district of Breitenbrunn Neumarkt idOPf. in the administrative district of Upper Palatinate of the Free State of Bavaria .

It is located on the plateau of the Upper Palatinate Jura , about 4 km northeast of Breitenbrunn. To the south passes the district road NM 2 , to which the place is connected via several roads.

history

In 1180 nobles are mentioned in Rasch. Already in the 13th century there was a Romanesque church in the place . It was dedicated to the Fourteen First Helpers . In 1602 the Eichstätt vicar general Vitus Priefer reported in his visitation protocols that the Rasch church had the fourteen helpers as patron saints. Since the late baroque period, St. Vitus the patron saint.

The village of Rasch belonged, like almost all places in the Breitenbrunn area, to the lordship of Breitenegg-Breitenbrunn. Hadmar (II) von Laaber acquired this rule, which also included blood jurisdiction, from Count Gebhard VII in 1302. This was sold to Heinrich IV von Gumppenberg in 1433 ; he was councilor of the Ingolstadt and Landshut dukes and since 1411 hereditary marshal of Upper Bavaria . Heinrich IV von Gumppenberg gave the rule back to the nobles von Laaber through sale in 1463. In 1465, the Breitenegg territory and consequently the town of Rasch fell to Konrad Hereditary Marshal zu Pappenheim , as his wife Dorothea von Laaber had been appointed as heir. From 1473 to 1592 the rule of Breitenegg and thus also Rasch was owned by the Wildensteiners . Not only does Wildenstein Castle near Dietfurt ad Altmühl remind of this family , but also a late Gothic monstrance from 1507 and three grave monuments in the parish church of Breitenbrunn.

In the Salbuch, laid out in 1618 about the rule of Breitenegg, it was noted that the rule of Breitenegg included four subjects (teams) and the office of Velburg (later the office of Hemau) of the Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg included six subjects. On May 2, 1624, Elector Maximilian I of Bavaria (1597–1651) transferred the rule of Breitenegg-Breitenbrunn to his merited Lieutenant General Johann T'Serclaes von Tilly (1559–1632). In 1635 he received from Emperor Ferdinand II (1578–1637) the blood spell over the rule of Breitenegg, and in 1649 the rule was raised to an imperial-free immediate county. It was quickly a Tillysch place until 1744, when Ignaz Joseph von Gumppenberg inherited the imperial county Breitenegg-Breitenbrunn from his great-aunt, the Countess of Montfort († 1744), who was born imperial countess of Tilly.

Max Joseph Baron von Gumppenberg (1750–1792) sold the County of Breitenegg-Breitenbrunn to Elector Karl Theodor of Bavaria on March 7, 1792 ; Quickly, consisting of 17 properties, thus became Bavarian. From 1792 to 1803 the village belonged to the district court "Breiteneck" with seat in Breitenbrunn. From 1803 to 1821 Rasch was with the electoral district court Neumarkt and from 1821 with the royal district court Hemau . In 1808 it quickly came to the Altmühlkreis (capital Eichstätt ), 1810 to the Oberdonaukreis (capital Eichstätt) and finally in 1817 to the Regenkreis (capital of Regensburg ), which was renamed the Regensburg and Oberpfalz district in 1838. When the Royal District Office of Hemau was established in the administrative district of Upper Palatinate in 1862 , Rasch, belonging to the municipality of Buch, was assigned to this district office and, in it, to the Hemau Regional Court . Finally, the municipality of Buch and with it Rasch came to the Parsberg district office in 1880 , which in 1938 became the Parsberg district.

During both the First and Second World Wars, several younger citizens of Rasch lost their lives in various European theaters of war. Four soldiers from the First World War (1914–1918) and 15 from the Second World War (1939–1945) did not return home.

On the night of April 24th to 25th, 1945 the Americans marched into the area of Daßwang , Kemnathen and Rasch, which had previously been defended by SS units.

With effect from June 15, 1947, Bishop Michael Rackl von Eichstätt marked out the Rasch branch parish from Breitenbrunn and incorporated it into the parish of Kemnathen.

On July 9, 1956, the municipal council of Buch approved the spin-off of the local corridor and village of Rasch, which had previously belonged to the municipality, with simultaneous incorporation into the municipality of Kemnathen . The municipality of Buch was represented by 1st Mayor Josef Hofmann and the municipality of Kemnathen by 1st Mayor Michael Perras. The municipality of Kemnathen undertook to grant the municipality of Buch a capital settlement of DM 30,000 as compensation for the resulting decrease in its assets. The reorganization took place on August 1, 1956.

When the former district of Parsberg was dissolved during the district reform in 1972, the municipality of Kemnathen with its ten districts, including Rasch, became the larger district of Neumarkt id Opf. On January 1, 1978, the municipality of Kemnathen and thus also Rasch were incorporated into the Breitenbrunn market.

population

  • 1835: 112 (19 houses)
  • 1871: 129 (60 buildings; 16 horses, 104 cattle)
  • 1937: 162
  • 1950: 144
  • 1961: 164 (31 residential buildings)
  • 1987: 178 (40 residential buildings, 47 apartments)

St. Vitus Church

Catholic branch church St. Vitus

The St. Vitus Church in Rasch stands on a small hill in the middle of Rasch. Because of its art treasures, the church is always a destination for foreign visitors.

The Church of St. Vitus, as it was called earlier, is actually a Romanesque complex from the 13th century, which was once consecrated to the 14 Holy Helpers. In the 18th century, St. Martyr Vitus as the sole patron of the church. His feast day is celebrated on June 15 according to the liturgical calendar of the Church.

The oldest part of the church is the tower with a retracted square choir and a simple cross vault . The dome of the tower dates from the baroque period . The nave has a flat roof. According to contemporary reports, the church was completely ruined in 1734; soon afterwards the church was restored and given a baroque interior. In 1864 the church was redesigned in the neo-Romanesque style. In 1887 a ceiling fresco was added by the church painter Johann Spitzner . Further exterior and interior renovations took place in 1970, 1993 and 1996 to 1997. The tower roof was re-boarded and provided with copper sheet.

School conditions

On 20 February 1811 ordered General Commissariat of the Upper Danube circle the enrollment of children of the village quickly after Kemnathen. In the previous years they had attended the school in Breitenbrunn.

Before and after 1945 the Rasch children went to school in Kemnathen. With effect from June 16, 1969, the Kemnathen Catholic Confession School was dissolved and the Kemnathen public elementary school was established, although it only included the classes of the elementary school . The secondary school students in the Kemnathen community and thus also von Rasch have been attending the Breitenbrunn elementary school since 1969, while secondary school students and high school students attend the schools in Parsberg.

With effect from August 9, 1980, the government of the Upper Palatinate established the Wissing-Kemnathen elementary school. Two classes each (1st and 2nd grade) of the lower level were taught in the Kemnathen school building and two others (3rd and 4th grade) in the Wissing school building. Since the closure of the Wissing-Kemnathen school network in 2008, the lower school students have also been taught in Breitenbrunn.

Renewal of the village infrastructure

A water supply system was quickly installed in 1912. With this, Rasch was way ahead of many other villages in the Jura, and the drinking water shortage was a thing of the past.

When after the Second World War, in the time of the “German economic miracle” , motorization continued to advance in rural areas, it became necessary to make the roads dust-free. In 1961 the local roads in Rasch were covered with a tar surface. The extension of the state road 2234 from the federal road 8 near Daßwang to Dietfurt brought better transport connections . Under the direction of the Regensburg Land Consolidation Office, land consolidation was carried out in the area from Rasch from 1970 to 1975 .

In 1972 the local roads were rebuilt and widened and street lighting was installed.

In the interests of environmental protection and regulated waste water disposal, the sewage system was installed in 1995 and 1996 at a cost of around 1,000,000 DM and connected to the Kemnathen sewage treatment plant in December 1996. In the course of the sewer system, main and secondary roads were partly built new at a cost of DM 200,000.

After a cultural center was missing due to the closure of the inn in Rasch, a village house was built between 2005 and 2007, which also serves as a fire station and clubhouse for the local associations.

Volunteer Fire Brigade Rasch

In 1881 King Ludwig II of Bavaria (1864–1886) took over the patronage of all volunteer fire brigades (FF) in the country. Because of this, the growth of the fire service was significantly accelerated. The number of volunteer fire departments in the Kingdom of Bavaria grew from 206 fire departments in 1868 to 6,870 fire departments at the turn of the century. In the course of this wave of founding, a volunteer fire brigade was founded in Rasch on March 22, 1898. The first entry in the log book shows that 23 local residents joined the new association when it was founded. The founding members elected Mayor Johann Schön for the first board, and Georg Beer as the commander.

The founding years were characterized by an initially financially tense situation and initial prejudices among the people of Rasch against the young fire brigade, as can be seen from the assembly reports of January 26, 1899. In the years 1898 to 1908 the FF Rasch was used repeatedly: 1898 in Rasch, 1904 in Daßwang, 1907 in Buch and 1908 twice in Kemnathen. In 1908 there was also a change in the board of directors for the first time. Georg Herrmann became the new board member.

Even in the period from the First to the end of the Second World War, the FF Rasch performed its active service conscientiously and reliably regardless of the political events, although it was only able to act to a very limited extent due to the fact that numerous members were called up for military service.

Soon after the end of the Hitler dictatorship and the total collapse, the volunteer fire brigades in town and country began to reorganize. On July 12, 1946, the first fire department roll call took place under the direction of commandant Johann Schön, and on December 15, 1946, a general assembly was held for the first time after the Second World War.

After the first exams for the fire service badge took place in 1980 , a fire station was built in 1982. In 1983 the 85th anniversary of the FF Rasch was celebrated. In 1984 the fire brigade received a mobile TS 8 (portable pump 8) with a trailer. This was subsequently used in several fires, for example in 1993 in a fire in Langenthonhausen or in 1994 in a field fire in Kemnathen. Since 1995 the FF Rasch has also been involved in youth work. A youth warden takes care of the training of the young members. The Bavarian youth clasp and the youth flame are regularly taken. In 1998 the FF Rasch finally celebrated its 100th anniversary.

With the completion of the new village house in 2007, the FF Rasch, together with the Rasch women's group, was able to take possession of their new club domicile, where meetings and annual general meetings have been taking place since then.

societies

  • Volunteer Fire Brigade Rasch
  • Women's Circle Rasch
  • Warrior and reservist comradeship Kemnathen / Rasch

literature

  • Franz Xaver Buchner : The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I, Eichstätt: Brönner & Däntler, 1937
  • Herbert Lang: Rapidly changing history. In: 100 Years of the Rasch Volunteer Fire Brigade , Rasch 1998
  • Jürgen Skarke: Rasch village house construction 2005 to 2007 , Rasch 2009
  • Manfred Jehle: Historical Atlas Bavaria. Part of old Bavaria. Parsberg, Munich: Commission for Bavarian State History, 1981

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Buchner I, p. 110
  2. ↑ Jehle, p. 345
  3. ↑ Jehle, p. 348
  4. ↑ Jehle, p. 351
  5. ↑ Jehle, p. 356
  6. ↑ Jehle, p. 353
  7. ↑ Jehle, pp. 353, 498
  8. ↑ Jehle, p. 552
  9. ↑ Popp, Th. D. (ed.): Matrikel des Bissthumes Eichstätt , Eichstätt: Ph. Brönner, 1836, p. 43
  10. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 851 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  11. ↑ Buchner I, p. 114
  12. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 777 ( digitized version ).
  13. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 577 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 257 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Rasch (Oberpfalz)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files