Schwartenberg

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Schwartenberg
View of the Schwartenberg

View of the Schwartenberg

height 787.4  m above sea level NHN
location Central Saxony district , Saxony ( Germany )
Mountains Ore Mountains
Coordinates 50 ° 39 '33 "  N , 13 ° 27' 56"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 39 '33 "  N , 13 ° 27' 56"  E
Schwartenberg (Saxony)
Schwartenberg
rock Gray gneiss
Development 1927 by the Erzgebirgsverein

The Schwartenberg is 787.4  m above sea level. NHN one of the highest mountains in the Eastern Ore Mountains . The mountain belonging to the Ore Mountains / Vogtland Nature Park is located east of Olbernhau between the communities of Neuhausen in the north and Seiffen in the southwest. Its summit lies in the district of Neuhausen in the Saxon district of Central Saxony .

geology

Like the next higher, the Schwartenberg is 822.9  m above sea level , about three kilometers south . NHN high Ahornberg a furrowed and degraded remnant of the plateau of the Erzgebirge ridge, detached from deep erosion . It consists mainly of gray gneiss , which is fine-grained, dense and with a small amount of feldspar on the summit . This gives rise to the comparatively hardness with which the summit resisted erosion. When viewed from the Flöhatal in particular , the freestanding Schwartenberg dominates the landscape, although it is not the highest point in the vicinity of Neuhausen and Seiffen.

Surname

On the Schwartenberg

On the map of the Schwartenberg area made by Matthias Oeder in the course of the first Saxon land survey in 1605, the mountain appears densely forested, but does not yet have a name. On the mile sheet compiled in 1786 in the course of the topographical survey under Friedrich Ludwig Aster , the name "Schwarten-Berg" is already recorded.

There are various explanations for the origin of today's name:

  • Derived from a mine formerly operated here , which was named as a treasure trove in 1737 , the Schwardte ,
  • Derived from the timber obtained here, which was called burning rinds,
  • Derivation from the hard and wooded rock substrate (based on the scalp, also known as the rind ).

In 1779, Emperor Joseph II climbed the then unwooded rocky hilltop during a trip through neighboring Bohemia. In memory of the ascent, the Schwartenberg was also referred to as the Kaiserstein in contemporary sources .

Mining lodge

Schwartenbergbaude from the west
Northeast view in winter

Due to the wide all-round view, the first plans to build a mountain hut on the summit of the Schwartenberg came up as early as 1893 . After the First World War , the Erzgebirgsverein acquired a corresponding 4,960 m² plot of land for 868 marks. The implementation of the plans was delayed because of the inflation in the post-war period . It was thanks to the urging of the Osterzgebirge branch association that the main association decided to build a summit house in 1925. Further plots of land were acquired, a dowser determined the location of the fountain and the Neuhausen community had a road built to the summit by July 1926. The shell could be built by autumn 1926 with a loan of 40,000 marks. On July 30th and 31st, 1927, the accommodation house was consecrated on the Schwartenberg. The wishes and efforts of the branch associations in the eastern Ore Mountains that had been cherished for decades were thus fulfilled. The pastor and local researcher Friedrich Hermann Löscher from Zwönitz gave the opening speech of the building, which is still used today as a mountain restaurant.

Right next to the mine is a pillar of the Royal Saxon Triangulation . It is station no. 82. It was used for land surveying in 1869, today it would be called a trigonometric point (TP) . At times the summit cross was attached to it. The weathered lettering has been reconstructed.

Mining

On the western slope of the mountain rind a trending from north-northeast to south-southwest formed transition of gritty-blendigen Bleierzformation the basis for mining , which can be traced back to the 18th century, but overall achieved only modest proportions. The mining involved copper pebbles , silver , tin stone and iron cream . The oldest evidence of mining attempts is a treasure trove named in 1737 , which was called Schwardte . It can be assumed that mining is of even older origin, but it cannot be proven. The unproductive mining was stopped again in the course of the 18th century. Leopold von Buch , who climbed the Schwartenberg in 1792, reported: A little to the west of the summit, an attempt was made to find a quartz passage by sinking a shaft, which later broke; and into which one can now freely enter through a gap .

In November 1871, the addition of new exploration and carried out reduction by the Erzgebirge silver and tin mining company, together with Saxonia dawn treasure trove to Seiffen and German-Catharinenberg . The company built a hut house on the Schwartenberg and built the Kaiser Wilhelm shaft, a 46 m deep reel shaft (profile 2 × 1 m). The expansion of the profile in connection with the expansion as a driving, artificial and driving shaft had to be stopped in 1874 due to lack of money. In total, the company's sponsors invested over 16,000 thalers between 1871 and 1874 in the Kaiser Wilhelm shaft and the Morgenröthe treasure trove near Deutschkatharinenberg , and between 1875 and 1881 again over 71,000 marks extra , without making a profit. The unsuccessful result led to the final cessation of mining on the Schwartenberg, which is still evidence of the remains of the heap .

view

Due to its free-standing and central location, the Schwartenberg provides a wide and comprehensive panoramic view from its summit. The geologist Leopold von Buch already wrote in 1792: The view from this mountain fully corresponds to what one expects from it. The whole paradisiacal area is spread out at your feet… . If the conditions are good, you can look in the direction

On the summit, a copper plate informs about the visible points and their distances.

  • View from the summit to the northwest

  • View to the northeast with Neuhausen and the Rauschenbach dam

  • Looking north to Neuhausen

  • View to the southeast on Seiffen

Routes to the summit

The blue marked national long-distance hiking trail Zittau - Wernigerode , which in this section is part of the European long-distance hiking trail E3 , leads over the Schwartenberg .

literature

  • About Olbernhau and Seiffen (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 43). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1985.
  • Helga and Heinz Kaden: Land under the Schwartenberg . Olbernhau / Seiffen.
  • Lothar Riedel : Mining traces on the Schwartenberg . In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter . No. 1 , 1982, pp. 19-21 .

Web links

Commons : Schwartenberg  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ a b About Olbernhau and Seiffen (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 43). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1985, p. 127.
  3. ^ Miles sheets from Saxony in the Deutsche Fotothek , last accessed on July 11, 2014.
  4. ^ Lothar Riedel: Mining traces on the Schwartenberg. in: Erzgebirge Homeland Papers. Issue 1/1982. P. 19.
  5. ^ Helga and Heinz Kaden: Land under the Schwartenberg. Olbernhau / Seiffen (no year), p. 5.
  6. ^ Helga and Heinz Kaden: Land under the Schwartenberg. Olbernhau / Seiffen (no year), p. 50f.
  7. ^ A b Lothar Riedel: Journal of a trip to Seiffen in the Upper Ore Mountains . in: Sächsische Heimatblätter. Issue 6/1986. Pp. 258-261.
  8. ^ Lothar Riedel: Mining traces on the Schwartenberg. in: Erzgebirge Homeland Papers. Issue 1/1982. Pp. 19-21.
  9. ↑ Zubuße determined from the yearbooks for the mining and smelting in Saxony 1871ff.