Schwedenschanze (Frickingen)

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Schwedenschanze
Heiligenberg-062 pano.jpg
Creation time : 8/9 Century or 10/11. Century
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Burgstall
Standing position : Count
Place: Frickingen -Birkenweiler
Geographical location 47 ° 49 '53 "  N , 9 ° 16' 50"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 49 '53 "  N , 9 ° 16' 50"  E
Height: 735  m above sea level NN
Schwedenschanze (Baden-Württemberg)
Schwedenschanze

The so-called Schwedenschanze was a hilltop castle secured with ramparts and ditches on a ridge between Frickingen and Heiligenberg in the north of the Baden-Württemberg region of Lake Constance in Germany .

location

The rampart is at 735  m above sea level. NHN high sandstone spur of the upper freshwater molasse . It is separated from the ridge by a deep depression, the bottom of which is artificially deepened with a ditch. The slopes of the castle plateau are also secured with trenches, some of which are doubled.

history

There are no written records about the system. Because of the size and the complex defensive works, a Carolingian or early medieval count's castle is assumed, the construction of which was probably made from the 8th or 9th century . On the other hand, it could also have been built as an early aristocratic castle in the High Middle Ages . The Counts of Frickingen, documented in the 10th and 11th centuries, would come into question as builders . Perhaps it was a predecessor of Frickingen Castle . The popular name Schwedenschanze , on the other hand, incorrectly refers to the Thirty Years War . Older research regarded the complex (also wrongly) as a prehistoric ring wall.

archeology

The entire castle complex has not yet been explored archaeologically , but there are known finds of medieval shards dating from around the 11th to 13th centuries . From the extensive remains of ramparts and ditches still visible on the surface, it can be seen that it must have been one of the largest known structures of this type in the wider area. The remains of buildings can be seen in the two funnel-shaped depressions. In terms of prehistoric finds, only a fragment of a Stone Age flint blade has been found from the site, which probably has nothing to do with the actual rampart.

literature

  • Wilhelm Deecke , Wilhelm Schmidle : Schwedenschanze near Frickingen. In: Baden find reports. Volume 1, 1925/28, pp. 221-222.
  • Alois Schneider: Castles and fortifications in the Lake Constance district . Ed .: Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg (=  Fund reports from Baden-Württemberg . Volume 14 ). 1st edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-510-49114-9 , pp. 540-543 .
  • Harald Derschka , Jochen Krebber, Albert Mayer: 900 years of Frickingen. Village history. Frickingen 1994, pp. 24-28.
  • Christoph Morrissey, Dieter Müller: Wall systems in the administrative district of Tübingen. (= Atlas of Archaeological Terrain Monuments. Prehistoric and early historical fortifications 26). Theiss, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8062-2645-4 , p. 184.
  • Michael Losse (Ed.): Castles, palaces, aristocratic residences and fortifications on northern Lake Constance. Volume 1.1: Western part around Sipplingen, Überlingen, Heiligenberg and Salem . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86568-191-1 , pp. 53-55.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Frickingen on the leo-bw.de page