Liebenau Castle (Meckenbeuren)

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Liebenau Castle

Liebenau Castle is a Renaissance style castle built in the early 17th century in Liebenau , a district of Meckenbeuren in the Lake Constance district .

history

Today's facility is based on the ruins of a tower hill castle , which was built in the 13th century by Albrecht von Summerau-Liebenau. The residential structure of this castle was a square tower that was about 8.5 meters long and 14 meters high. In 1309 the Liebenau rule came to the Counts of Montfort . The castle served as the bailiff's seat. In 1581, the Counts of Montfort donated the now dilapidated castle to Mathes Layman, a lawyer from Augsburg, for his services as an imperial fief . Immediately after the donation, he had a new castle built, including the old tower, in the Renaissance style. The previously square tower was lengthened on the west and east side by an extension that had the same dimensions as the basic structure. A building facing north was erected on the west side. On the north and east sides, a wall served to delimit a courtyard. A corner tower was erected on the north side of the building, while two corner oriels were added to the south side . In 1624, a chapel wing was added to the east side of the courtyard, so that this side of the courtyard was now the west side of the wing. The tower in the northeast corner was integrated into the chapel as a church tower. After the death of Balthasar Layman in 1668, the rule of Liebenau was transferred to Weingarten Abbey . In 1803, after the secularization of the abbey, the castle came to the House of Orange , only one year later the castle became part of the Austrian Empire . In 1805 it was sold to the Electorate of Bavaria , which Liebenau sold to the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1810 . In 1870, chaplain Adolf Aich bought the castle and set up a sanatorium and nursing home in it, today's Liebenau Foundation. This bought the castle from the chaplain in 1893. In 1905, the courtyard of the four-wing castle was built over and an extension was built on the west side of the complex.

In 1940 Ilag V Liebenau was established in the castle and four neighboring buildings. In order to make room for the internees, 510 patients from the sanatorium were transported by bus to the Grafeneck killing center and murdered there. The first internees at Liebenau Castle were 300 British citizens from Poland. From 1941, more British came from Belgium, Greece and the Netherlands. Most of the married women were transferred to Frontstalag 121 in Vittel in 1943.

In 1978 and 1979, during the renovation of the castle, the extension on the west side of the castle was demolished and replaced by a staircase extension. The castle is still owned by the Liebenau Foundation today.

literature

Web links

Commons : Schloss Liebenau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Max Miller , Gerhard Taddey (Ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X , p. 471.
  2. ^ Schmidt: Castle Liebenau in Meckenbeuren, Bodenseekreis. Reflections on history and structural development. P. 70f.
  3. a b Dagmar Zimdars (arrangement): Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Baden-Württemberg II. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin and Munich, 1997, ISBN 3-422-03030-1 , p. 420.
  4. Bernd Wiedmann (Ed.): Der Bodenseekreis. Theiss, Stuttgart, 1980, ISBN 3-8062-0201-X , p. 204.
  5. ^ Description of the Oberamt Tettnang. Second edition, published by the Royal Statistical Office, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1915, p. 813.
  6. ^ A b Schmidt: Castle Liebenau in Meckenbeuren, Bodenseekreis. Reflections on history and structural development. P. 73.
  7. ^ Schmidt: Castle Liebenau in Meckenbeuren, Bodenseekreis. Reflections on history and structural development. P. 70.
  8. Richard Wandelt: The Liebenau Castle in the past and present, 2nd edition 2016

Coordinates: 47 ° 42 ′ 33.5 ″  N , 9 ° 36 ′ 17.3 ″  E