Swiss Rhine ports
| Swiss Rhine ports | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Data | |||
| UN / LOCODE | DE BZL | ||
| owner | Cantons of Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft | ||
| Port type | Ports and Lands | ||
| website | http://www.port-of-switzerland.ch/de/sitemap/index.php | ||
| Geographic information | |||
| place | Basel , Birsfelden and Muttenz | ||
| Canton | Canton of Basel-Stadt | ||
| Country | Switzerland | ||
.jpg) |
|||
| Coordinates | 611 387 / 270 823 | ||
|
|||
The Swiss Rhine ports (formerly the Rhine ports of both Basel ) are an institution under public law owned by the cantons of Basel-Landschaft and Basel-Stadt , which operate three parts of the port along the Rhine . These inland ports are the most important hub for the import and export of Switzerland is.
The freedom of navigation on the Rhine, which is navigable from Rheinfelden to Rotterdam , is guaranteed by the Mannheim Act of October 17, 1868. This means that Switzerland has guaranteed access to the sea under international law and has also been able to reach Hungary and southern Europe via the Main-Danube Canal since 1992 .
history
The Rhine has been an important transport route between the North Sea and the Mediterranean since ancient times . It was rowed, sailed, plowed and grained , and rafting was carried out well into the 19th century .
In the 19th century, the Upper Rhine , which had previously been meandering freely, was straightened and forced into a firm bed. This increased the flow velocity , which led to increased erosion . This made shipping extremely difficult and the section between Strasbourg and Basel was therefore considered impassable for large modern motor ships .
In 1902 the engineer Rudolf Gelpke published the text "The expansion of large shipping on the Rhine from Strasbourg to Basel", in which he stated that the Upper Rhine was navigable as far as Basel. In 1903 he provided practical evidence by taking the “ Justitia ” screw steamer to the Middle Bridge . On June 2, 1904, the tugboat “Knipscheer IX” with the barge “Christina” loaded with 300 tons of coal was the first to reach Basel on the hook.
The first Basel port facility was built between 1906 and 1911 at Rhine kilometer 168.0 on the left bank of the Rhine, i.e. in St. Johann . This oldest Rhine port in Basel was closed in 2010 and the port facilities demolished. Today the campus of the chemical company Novartis is located here ; the banks of the Rhine were assigned to the Allmend and turned into a promenade .
In 1914 planning began for a port in Kleinhüningen . In 1919, the excavation of the first harbor basin began, and in August 1922 the first tug pulled up.
1936–1939, as part of a job creation project of the Basler Arbeitsrappens in Kleinhüningen, the harbor basin II was excavated by hand. It started operating after the Second World War . The excavated material was used to fill the standing ramps of the St. Jakob football stadium .
Between 1937 and 1940 port facilities were also built in Birsfelden and Muttenz .
However, shipping was very dependent on the water level, especially when the water was low , it was sometimes not possible to sail for days or weeks. That changed when France completed the Grand canal d'Alsace in the 1950s . Since then, the Upper Rhine has been largely navigable independently of the water level , with the exception of floods .
In 2007 the three Rhine ports of Basel, Birsfelden and Muttenz were merged into the public company “Swiss Rhine ports”. The legal seat of the company is Birsfelden, the management has its seat in Basel.
In recent years shipping on the Rhine, driven by climate change , has been restricted or even stopped in many places because of the low water levels. In the summer of 2018, the navigation channel near Basel began to be deepened by around 30 cm by dredging.
Rhine ports
In 2009, 10 percent of Switzerland's total foreign trade in terms of volume was handled via the three Rhine ports in and around the city of Basel , and 30–40 percent of Switzerland's annual mineral oil consumption is covered by deliveries via the Rhine ports.
The following ports can be found downstream:
Auhafen Muttenz
The Auhafen is located on the left bank of the Rhine in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, is part of the Birsfeld port facilities, but is located in the municipality of Muttenz . It was created between 1937 and 1940 and has been expanded several times since then. In the Auhafen, particularly liquid fuels and fuels are handled and stored. It is also used for handling heavy cargo , cooking oil , fertilizer , aluminum oxide and grain .
Rheinhafen Birsfelden
The port of Birsfelden is located on the left bank of the Rhine in the canton of Basel-Landschaft and is in the municipality of Birsfelden . It was created between 1937 and 1940 and has been expanded several times since then. This port specializes in the transshipment and storage of liquid propellants and fuels as well as dry goods.
Rheinhafen Kleinhüningen
The Rhine port Kleinhüningen, sometimes Rhine port Klybeck called -Kleinhüningen, located in the Basel neighborhood Kleinhüningen on the Kleinbasel (right) side of the Rhine at the border triangle of Switzerland / Germany / France. The port consists of the two port basins I and II and a turning basin. Kleinhüningen has three container terminals and various silos and tank farms . In addition to containers , mainly dry goods such as steel , aluminum , non-ferrous metals and liquids are handled.
Dock I was opened on August 2, 1922. Crane systems and buildings were built for the shipping companies until 1924 . Harbor Basin II followed in the years 1936 to 1939.
The silo tower ( Bernoullisilo ), built by the architect Hans Bernoulli in 1923, offers a good opportunity to overlook the harbor with its publicly accessible viewing platform. Together with the exhibition Transport Hub Schweiz and our way to the sea and the border triangle, the Kleinhüninger Rheinhafen is a popular destination for school trips and day trippers.
Kleinhüningen is the seat of the Rhine shipping and patent examination authority and home port of the Basel passenger shipping . In addition, Basel has been the official home and registry port of Swiss ocean shipping since April 9, 1941 . The handling facilities include three container terminals, silos , a tank farm and other devices for liquids, non-ferrous metals, steel and aluminum.
Data from the Swiss Rhine ports
- Area 1.3 km²
- Handling potential of around 15 million tons of goods per year
- Sales of 6.5 million tons (2010)
- 100 km of railroad track
- 7 km quay length
- Silos for a total of 385,000 m³ of grain
- 80,000 m³ of other bulk goods storage
- Tank farm for 1,250,000 m³ of liquid goods
- 250,000 m² covered warehouse
- 200,000 m² open warehouse ( container terminals )
- 60 cranes with lifting power between 5 t and 400 t
Closest Rhine ports
The two closest Rhine ports downstream are the Rhine port Weil am Rhein and upstream the Rhine port Rheinfelden , both in Germany.
Merging of the Rhine ports
In a vote on the Rhine port agreement by the Basel-based electorate, an 81% majority approved the joint further development of the Rhine ports and cooperation with Basel-Stadt.
With the amalgamation of the two ports on the basis of the Rhine port contract and the outsourcing from the administrations, the prerequisites for an integrated marketing and optimized use of the port area were created. As an institution under public law, the Swiss Rhine ports were given the leeway they need to survive in international competition - vis-à-vis the ports in the Ruhr area and also vis-à-vis the railways. You can use the port area more flexibly. Fluctuations in export / import are better distributed and absorbed. This ensures long-term profitability and higher added value can be expected.
Future of the Rhine ports
Major spatial planning changes will be made in the port of Kleinhüningen in the coming decades. The port facilities on the banks of the Rhine (Klybeck- and Westquai) should make way for new uses in the medium term. The prerequisite for this, however, is that the logistics facilities currently located there find new locations.
The new “ Basel Gateway Nord ” container terminal , which is to be connected to the Rhine with a third port basin, is a major project and much more than just a replacement location . This joint project of the Swiss Rhine ports and SBB Cargo is a response to the expansion plans of the seaports - including in particular the expansion of container capacities in Rotterdam's Maasvlakte 2. Various forecasts assume that these capacity expansions will result in at least a doubling of container traffic for Switzerland. Up to 390,000 containers are to be handled annually in the Basel Gateway North terminal. (For comparison: today 100,000 containers are loaded annually in the Swiss Rhine ports.) The project is to be implemented from 2019 to 2022.
Revierzentrale Basel
.JPG)
The Swiss Rhine ports operate a district control center that controls Rhine shipping traffic between Märkt (Germany) and Rheinfelden . It is connected to the Inland Shipping Reporting and Information System (MIB). The tower-like building with a cantilevered upper floor, built in 1943, is located at the entrance to the Kleinhüningen Rhine port ⊙ , directly on the border with Germany south of the Dreiländerbrücke . It is listed in the inventory of places worth protecting in Switzerland .
Passenger shipping
Web links
- Website of the Swiss Rhine ports
- Port regulations for the Rhine ports of both Basels (PDF)
- Video tour with Urs Vogelbacher on YouTube
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Schifflände is actually the oldest port facility in Basel, where goods ships docked as early as the Middle Ages.
- ↑ Rhein-Schifffahrt construction work - Rhine ports react to climate change In: srf.ch , July 19, 2018, accessed on July 29, 2018.
- ↑ http://www.wsu.bs.ch/politikdossiers/hafen-_und_stadtentwicklung.htm ( Memento from January 1, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Basel Gateway North
- ↑ http://portof.ch/de/aktuelles/terminal-basel-nord.php ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://portof.ch/de/aktuelles/terminal-basel-nord.php ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration: Leaflet traffic safety systems on inland waterways , accessed on August 2, 2018.
- ↑ Inventory of Swiss sites worthy of protection , Basel 1440 , p. 249.
