Fricative
A fricative (also fricative , narrow sound , Konstriktiv , Spirans , Spirant ) is an after its manner of articulation designated consonant . During the articulation , a narrow point is formed, which swirls the outflowing air and creates the fricative sound. Fricatives can be voiceless or voiced . A large subgroup of fricatives are the sibilants (sibilants), which are formed in the front of the mouth and are characterized by an audible whistling or hissing sound . Examples of fricatives are the German sounds that are written as “s”, “f” or “v”.
The International Phonetic Alphabet knows the following fricatives:
- bilabial fricatives
-
labiodental fricatives (lip tooth fricatives)
- [ f ] unvoiced fricative labiodental
- [ v ] voiced labiodental fricative
-
dental fricatives
- [ .theta ] voiceless dental fricative
- [ ð ] voiced dental fricative
- alveolar fricatives (dental frictions)
- postalveolar fricatives (palatoalveolar fricatives)
-
retroflex fricatives
- [ ʂ ] voiceless retroflex fricative
- [ ʐ ] voiced retroflex fricative
- alveolopalatal fricatives
-
palatal fricatives
- [ ç ] voiceless palatal fricative ( I-sound )
- [ ʝ ] voiced palatal fricative
-
velar fricatives (posterior palate fricatives)
- [ x ] voiceless velar fricative ( Ach-Laut )
- [ ɣ ] voiced velar fricative
- [ ʍ ] voiceless fricative labialvelarer
- [ ɧ ] voiceless velar fricative dorsopalataler
-
uvular fricatives
- [ χ ] voiceless uvular fricative ( Ach-Laut )
- [ ʁ ] voiced uvular fricative
-
pharyngeal fricatives
- [ ħ ] voiceless pharyngeal fricative
- [ ʕ ] voiced pharyngeal fricative
- epiglottal fricatives
-
glottal fricatives ( glottal fricatives)
- [ h ] voiceless glottal fricative
- [ ɦ ] voiced glottal fricative
- ejective fricatives
Web links
Wiktionary: Fricative - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Wiktionary: Spirant - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations