Sprembergian district

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The Sprembergische Kreis , also called Spremberger Kreis , was a district in the Saxon Lower Lusatia , which was in the 14./15. Century and existed in this form or shape until 1816. The town of Spremberg was the main town in the district. The former district area is now divided between the Brandenburg districts of Spree-Neisse and Oberspreewald-Lausitz .

location

The Spremberg district was in the south of Niederlausitz. It bordered in the north mainly on the Calauische Kreis and the Brandenburg Cottbusische Kreis , in the east on the Gubenische Kreis and in the south on Upper Lusatia (lordships of Hoyerswerda and Muskau ).

history

In Niederlausitz, the district began to develop in the 14th and 15th centuries. It was based on the old soft image constitution, i. H. the judicial districts of the cities entitled to civil status. On August 10, 1336, Margrave Ludwig von Brandenburg was taken over by Archbishop Otto von Magdeburg a. a. also enfeoffed with the Mark Lausitz. After the delimitation information for the Mark Lausitz, the villages, festivals and landscapes located in the Mark Lausitz follow, including the house and Weichbild zu Spremberg .

In 1360 Johann and Günther von Schwarzburg sold the Veste Spremberg, Burgk and Stadt, with all the villages, people, lordships, lands, estates, courts, ... also with knights, servants, men, teams, fiefdoms, feudal families, lent goods, church - Fiefs, servants, aignen leuthen, ... to Emperor Charles V in his capacity as Bohemian king for 5,050 groschen of Prague currency. The knighthood organized itself in the circles early on. In 1566 the Spremberg knighthood refused to recognize the bailiff Bohuslaw Felix von Lobkowitz and Hassenstein as lord of Spremberg.

In the Secondary Principality of Saxony-Merseburg , which came into the possession of Niederlausitz in 1657, there were already five well-organized districts: the Gubenische Kreis (Gubenscher Kreis or Gubener Kreis), the Luckauische Kreis (or Luckauer Kreis), the Krumspreeischer Kreis (or Lübbener Kreis) , the small Sprembergische Kreis (or Spremberger Kreis) and the Calauische Kreis (or Calauer Kreis). In the 17th century, a district administration had already formed in each of the districts, which elected a state elder since 1634, and since 1640 state deputies. At the beginning of the 17th century, the office of the state elder was also taken care of by the state elder of the Calauische Kreis. It was not until 1650 that the Spremberg district received its own state elder.

The Spremberg district was the smallest of the five districts of the Saxon Lower Lusatia. It consisted of the great office of Spremberg and the areas of knighthood.

Duke Christian I of Saxe-Merseburg first acquired the castle and town of Spremberg in 1665, and the rest of the rule in 1680. Duke Heinrich , the youngest son of Christian I of Saxe-Merseburg, made Spremberg his residence in 1731. In 1738 the line between Saxony and Merseburg expired and the rule fell back to the Electorate of Saxony. The Spremberg rulership was converted into a sovereign office in 1755, the Spremberg office.

In 1790 the Spremberg district had 7119 inhabitants. Pölitz gives the population for 1809 as 10,000.

Associated places

Enclaves of other districts in the Spremberg district were: Bloischdorf , Lieskau and Horlitza , Saganer district, Silesia, as well as Wolkenberg , Stradow and Straussdorf (devastated), Cottbus district.

The Spremberg district was merged in 1816 with the rule of Hoyerswerda and various other previously Prussian parts of Upper Lusatia to form the new Spremberg-Hoyerswerda district. This district was dissolved again in 1824 and the Spremberg district re-established, albeit with changes compared to the Spremberg district.

State elder

Noble state elders of the Spremberg district:

  • 1649/1650 Seyfried Freiherr von Kittlitz, Spremberg
  • 1649/1650 Christoph Lot von Bomsdorf, Klein-Gaglow
  • 1650–1652 Christoph von Waltersdorf, Wadelsdorf
  • 1652–1666 Seyfried Freiherr von Kittlitz, Spremberg
  • 1666–1693 Gottfried von Mühlen, Simmersdorf
  • 1693–1712 Gottfried von Mühlen, Simmersdorf (son of the previous one), † 1712
  • 1712–1727 Bartusch Heinrich von Kracht, Türkendorf, † 1727
  • 1728–1739 Siegmund Seyfried von Köckritz, Chransdorf, † December 26, 1739
  • 1740–1746 Gottlob Herbord von Mandelsloh, Bohsdorf, † May 25, 1746 in Pförten
  • 1746–1750 Christian Friedrich von Löben, Brodtkowitz, captain, † September 7, 1750
  • 1751–1751 Friedrich Karl von Stutterheim, Klein Loitz, † 1751
  • 1751–1763 Heinrich Adolf von der Drößel, Wadelsdorf, captain, † August 16, 1763
  • 1763–1778 Johann Friedrich von Trosky, Bohsdorf, war commissioner, † November 6, 1778
  • 1779–1793 Johann Friedrich von Berge, Klein-Loitz, captain, † April 1793
  • 1793–1805 Johann Sebastian von Wirsing, Gosda
  • 1806–1811 Prize god Friedrich Erdmann von Obernitz, Klein Gaglow etc.
  • 1812–1840 August Ludwig Theodor von Oertzen, Hornow, since 1816: Prussian district administrator in the Spremberg-Hoyerswerda district, † March 15, 1840

State Deputy

State Deputy of the Spremberg District:

  • 1767–1779 Johann Friedrich von Berge, Klein-Loitz, captain
  • 1779–1787 Hans Kaspar von Nostitz, Wadelsdorf, captain, † January 5, 1787
  • 1787–1787 Karl Friedrich August von Oertzen, Hornow, lieutenant, † May 19, 1787
  • (Vacancy)
  • 1791–1793 Johann Sebastian von Wirsing, Gosda, lieutenant
  • 1795–1800 Kurt Friedrich Wilhelm Leopold von Löben, Brodtkowitz
  • 1801–1804 Siegmund Friedrich George von Oertzen, Bagenz, Kammerjunker, † April 16, 1804
  • 1805–1806 Prize god Friedrich Erdmann von Obernitz, Türkendorf, lieutenant
  • 1807–1809 Friedrich August von Carlowitz, Brodtkowitz, lieutenant
  • 1810–1812 August Ludwig Theodor von Oertzen, Hornow, lieutenant
  • 1812–1831 Friedrich Heinrich von Löben, Limberg, † November 5, 1852
  • 1832–1854 Julius Ferdinand Maximilian von Oertzen, Jehserigk, † February 3, 1854

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/1816. Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (= overview of the holdings of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam , part 1 series: Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv , Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946 (in the following abbreviated to Beck, authorities with corresponding page number)
  • Karlheinz Blaschke & Uwe Ulrich Jäschke: Kursächsischer Ämteratlas 1790 , Verlag Klaus Gumnior, Chemnitz 2009.
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume IV Calau District Part I. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1988, ISBN 3-7686-4120-1
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon for Niederlausitz. Volume 1: Introduction and Overviews. The districts of Luckau, Lübben and Calau. Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5
  • Carl Heinrich Ludwig Pölitz: history, statistics a. Earth description of the Kingdom of Saxony. Leipzig 1810 (in the following abbreviated Pölitz, history with corresponding page number)

Source editions

  • Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel: Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis B. Second main part or collection of documents for the history of foreign affairs, 2nd volume. FH Morin, Berlin 1845 Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated CDB, B2 with corresponding page number and certificate number)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ CDB, B2, p. 112ff., Document number DCCXXVIII (= 728).
  2. ↑ Johann Christian König: Codex Germaniae Diplomaticus: Wherein many excellent, and in part never yet come to light, also for the illustration of the Teutsche Reichs-Historie and Juris Publici, most necessary Documenta are contained, Which The Röm. Kayserl. Majesty, also Chur princes and estates of salvation. Roman Empire both in general and in particular, the same the free imperial knights, as well as different Hansee and municipal cities and finally some provincia and landscapes, which belonged to Germany before, and neither in the Teutsche Reichs-Archiv, nor to find its continuations and spicilegiis, but with such are very useful, indeed indispensable, together with Elenchis and a main register. Friedrich Lanckischens Erben, Frankfurt & Leipzig, 1732 Online at Google Books , p. 1223/24, document number CCXIII (= 113)
  3. ^ Beck, authorities, pp. 525/26.
  4. ^ Johann Friedrich Merbach: History of the district town of Calau, in the Markgrafthum Niederlausitz. Self-published by the author, Lübben, 1833 Online at Google Books , p. 213.
  5. ↑ Christian August Peschek: Table of all consumers found in the Markgrafthum N. Lausitz in 1790. Lausizische Monatsschrift, 2: 380–381, 1791 Online at Google Books , p. 381.
  6. ^ Pölitz, Geschichte, p. 378 Online at Google Books
  7. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt an der Oder. Official Gazette No. 12 of March 20, 1816, p. 108. Online at Google Books
  8. ^ Martin Stahn : The Lower Lusatian State Archives in Lübben. Brandenburger Provinzialdruckerei, Strausberg [1939], p. 371
  9. ^ Martin Stahn : The Lower Lusatian State Archives in Lübben. Brandenburger Provinzialdruckerei, Strausberg [1939], p. 374