Little Loitz

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community Felixsee
Coordinates: 51 ° 36 ′ 30 ″  N , 14 ° 30 ′ 23 ″  E
Height : 130 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.68 km²
Residents : 350  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 52 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 03130
Area code : 035698
Klein Loitz manor house, front
Dorfstrasse in Klein Loitz in January 1987

Klein Loitz ( Łojojc in Lower Sorbian ) is a district of the Felixsee municipality in the Spree-Neisse district in Brandenburg .

location

Klein Loitz is located in Lower Lusatia about twelve kilometers east of the city of Spremberg . Surrounding villages are Hornow in the north, Bohsdorf in the north-east, Reuthen in the south-east and south, Bloischdorf in the south-west, and Wadelsdorf in the west and north- west, which in turn belongs to the city of Spremberg . The district roads 7106 and 7107 run through Klein Loitz. The state road 48 from Spremberg to Döbern runs about two kilometers northwest of the village.

Village pond

Rivers are the Tranitz, which comes from the south and flows to the northwest, as well as the village ditch Klein Loitz, which is dammed into small ponds in two places. Shortly before the confluence of the Klein Loitz village ditch, the Tranitz is also dammed up into a small pond, the former mill pond of the watermill that has now disappeared. In the southern part of the district is the small doctor pond. There are further trenches in the eastern part of the district. The place is about 133  m above sea level. NHN . The highest point at 160  m above sea level. NHN is located in the south-eastern part of the district. The lowest point is on the Tranitz at the western boundary of the district at approx. 119  m above sea level. NHN .

The Klein Loitz Vorwerk (Łojojc wudwor) residential area also belongs to the Klein Loitz district.

history

Klein Loitz was first mentioned in 1527 as "Windischen Luge". Other forms of name over the years were "Windischen Luja", "Klein Lugitz", "Klein-Klein Luitz", "Klein-Loie" and "Lojejz", as well as "Kleinloitz" in 1830. The place name comes from the Sorbian language and means "Place on sebum soil". The suffix “small” serves to distinguish it from the nearby large Luja . "Loitz" is the Germanized version of the Sorbian word "Luja". According to Rudolf Lehmann, the original village form was a hamlet.

In the 16th century, several nobles had possessions or the right to levy taxes. Later there is talk of three parts that were united around the middle of the 17th century.

The nine farmers of von Reichenbach

After the death of King Ludwig II. In 1526 in the Battle of Mohács the brothers Joachim and Lorenz received from Reichenbach 1527 a new deed of gift and had the oath of allegiance to the new king of Bohemia I. Ferdinand store. In the feudal letter they received their previous possessions in the village of Bühlow , their mill with two wheels near Sellessen , the village of Türkendorf with the knight's seat and the Vorwerk, and nine farmers in Klein Loitz as well as everything that they had there before, according to your previous feudal letters. In the Duchy of Sagan , the brothers Christoph and Georg von Reichenbach owned the neighboring Lieskau and the village of Kromlau near Muskau . In 1538 the Reichenbach estates in the Duchy of Sagan fell back, and this certainly also applied to their estates in Niederlausitz. In 1539 Duke Heinrich von Sagan (and Saxony) enfeoffed the Dr. Georg Kommerstedt with Lieskau and Kromlau, who sold them to Philipp von Kracht on Strega in 1540 . Dr. Kommerstädt was also able to acquire Türkendorf and the Klein Loitz stake, and in 1541 he also sold the two loan pieces to Philipp von Kracht. In 1541, Philipp von Kracht received the loan letter for the share in Klein Loitz and Türkendorf. He was married to Ursula von Sparr, to whom he bequeathed a treasure in 1542. The couple had three sons, Bartusch, Heinrich and Caspar. In the fraternal division in 1576, Bartusch von Kracht took over Türkendorf and the Reichenbach share in Klein Loitz. On September 12, 1576, he also bought six farmers and six Hufen, a third gardener, a quarter Richter and a third at the village pond in Klein Loitz from the three von List brothers. Bartusch had no heirs and his feudal pieces went to the sons of his brother Heinrich, named Philipp, Heinrich, Christoph, Bartusch, Alexander and Rufus (or Rudolf); the latter two were still minors. On March 6, 1597 they received the feudal letter about the nine farmers, as they were held by their uncle Bartusch and before that their grandfather Philipp, as well as about the six farmers and six Hufen, a third gardener, a quarter judge and a third at the village pond in Klein Loitz, which her uncle Bartusch von Kracht had bought on September 12, 1576 from the three von List brothers. In the fraternal division it was given to the youngest, still underage, Rufus, who died in 1609. The brothers now left Türkendorf and the two shares in Klein Loitz to the younger Bartusch von Kracht. Bartusch only had his son Philipp Heinrich, who sold the former share of von List, six farmers and six Hufen to Siegmund von Schütz on Roitz and Pulsberg. He initially kept the former Reichenbach's share with nine farmers, but eventually sold it to Adam von Leupold on December 12, 1646. Adam Leupold had previously acquired the former List'schen share from Klein Loitz. In 1648 he acquired the remaining third of Klein Loitz.

The six farmers of von Loeben

Originally, the brothers Christoph and Siegmund von Zabeltitz zu Sergen and Cottbus owned three farmers named Koschkula, Petschik and Bela in Klein Loitz. They had already sold it to Caspar von Löben zu Neuhausen / Spree some time before 1527, who this year received a new fiefdom letter after the change to manu dominante , i.e. the confirmation of his already before the death of Ludwig II of Bohemia and Hungary in the Battle of Mohács held fiefdom. Caspar von Löben also had annual interest of 40 guilders in the now devastated village of Horno .

Also on the occasion of King Ludwig's death, Christoph von Loeben (probably Caspar von Loeben's brother) received confirmation of his fiefdom, including three farmers named Paul Stiesch, Valten Noack and Andres Kschisann in Klein Loitz. His cousin Joachim von Loeben, who received these peasants after the death of Christoph, who died in 1529 without a physical heir, also received the loan. It is very likely that he also received the three farmers of Caspar von Loeben, either through purchase or inheritance, because in 1539 he was enfeoffed with six farmers and six Hufen in Klein Loitz. He had also bought the third part from a gardener named Koschkula from Hans von Loeben zu Groß Döbbern. The six farmers with six hooves, a third gardener, a quarter at the judge soon came to Christoph von List, who died in 1576. Heirs were his three sons Christoph, Caspar and George, who on August 7, 1576 received the feudal letter for the feudal pieces mentioned. In 1577, Renz von Löben still had a claim of 300 guilders on the von List brothers because of the Klein Loitz estate. It is unclear what relationships he had with the von List brothers. Only a month later, the three von List brothers sold the loan pieces to Bartusch von Kracht, who received the loan letter on September 12, 1576. In a new loan letter dated July 18, 1577 for Bartusch von Kracht, not only are the six farmers who List bought, but also the nine farmers whom he inherited from his father. Bartusch von Kracht had no heirs. After his death, his feudal pieces fell to the sons of his late brother Heinrich, named Philipp, Heinrich, Christoph, Bartusch, Alexander and Rufus (or Rudolf); the latter two were still minors. On March 6, 1597, they received the feudal letter about the nine farmers that their uncle Bartusch and before that their grandfather Philipp had, as well as six farmers and six hooves, a third gardener, a quarter judge and a third at the village pond in Klein Loitz. In the fraternal division, Rufus, who was still a minor, received not only Türkendorf, but also the nine former Reichenbach farmers and the six former List farmers. He received the feudal letter about it on December 1, 1605. In 1609 Rufus had already died. The surviving brothers now left the loan pieces to the younger Bartusch von Kracht, who was enfeoffed with them on June 17, 1609. Bartusch was followed by his son Philipp Heinrich, who now sold the former List's share with six farmers and to Siegmund Samuel von Schütz on Roitz and Pulsberg. The other part, the former nine Reichenbach farmers, he initially kept. Samuel von Schütz died in 1628 without a physical heir and the share of Klein Loitz with six farmers was taken over by his brother Siegmund. He received the feudal letter on April 27, 1629. His brothers Christoph, Georg and Otto von Schütz were also enfeoffed. Siegmund von Schütz also had no physical heirs and Klein Loitz's share was now passed on to his co-enfeoffed brothers, who sold him to Joachim and Christoph von Seidlitz on Graustein in 1638 . The two Seidlitz brothers immediately sold the Klein Loitz stake to Adam Leupold, who was enfeoffed with it on April 14, 1639. On December 12th, 1646 Adam Leupold also bought the nine farmers as the power of the clock-old part ... but aniezo desolate fiefdom, overgrown in fields, for 1,600 thalers from Philipp Heinrich von Kracht. In 1648 he acquired the remaining third of Klein Loitz from Seyfried von Kittlitz.

The Kittlitz third

Another third of Klein Loitz belonged to Hans von Tschammer in the second half of the 16th century. Hans Tschammer had built a Vorwerk by buying out 1½ Bauernhufen. After his death, his widow Margarethe von Buxdorf had this share as a personal asset. She leased this third of Klein Loitz together with two farmers in Türkendorf and an annual interest of 3½ bushels from the mill in Bühlow for three years to Nicol von Seidlitz in Bloischdorf. After the death of Margarethe von Buxdorf in 1589/90, these loan pieces fell back to the Bohemian King and Roman-German Emperor Rudolf II . In 1590 he had the loan pieces sold by his office chancellor and administrator of the provincial governing body, Albrecht Khindler, who left them to Karl von Kittlitz zu Mallnitz and ruler of Spremberg , and who received the loan letter on January 17, 1590. Karl von Kittlitz died in 1599 and left three underage sons, who were guardians of Leonhardt and Dietrich von Kittlitz, on Mallmitz and Eisenberg or Fürstenau and Kunzendorf, and who were brothers of Karl von Kittlitz.

On April 21, 1599, Heinrich Anselm Freiherr von Promnitz, on Pleß, Sorau, Triebel and Hoyerswerda, Dobrilugk and Naumburg, governor of the Lower Lusatia margraviate, on behalf of Emperor Rudolf II, King of Bohemia, Karl, Siegmund and Seyfried von Kittlitz, the Sons of the late Karl von Kittlitz, with the town and rule of Spremberg, including a third of Klein Loitz. Unfortunately, what was included under this third is not specified. The rule Spremberg with many other loan pieces, including the third to Klein Loitz, went to his son Seyfried, who received the loan letter on February 1, 1623. In 1615 a share of Klein Loitz belonged to Joachim von Waltersdorf. According to Houwald, this can only have been the Kittlitz share, which Seyfried probably pledged. Joachim von Waltersdorf died in 1619 and the share probably returned to Seyfried von Kittlitz.

In 1648 Seyfried von Kittlitz sold his third to Klein Loitz, which also owned the Vorwerk, to Adam Leupold, who already owned the other shares in Klein Loitz.

Klein Loitz combined on the Urmes table sheets 4352 Sellessen and 4353 Döbern from 1845

The united manor Klein Loitz

With the sale of the last share in the village of Klein Loitz from Seyfried von Kittlitz to Adam Leopold, all shares in Klein Loitz were now united in one hand and were later no longer separated from each other.

Adam Leupold received the feudal letter on February 16, 1649 about the village now united in one hand. The brother Caspar Leupold, pastor in Markendorf and the sons of his deceased brother Seyfried, Siegmund and Seyfried zu Spremberg and Sagan as well as his nephews Caspar, Joachim and Carl Leupold living in Lübben , probably the sons of a third brother, were also enfeoffed.

According to Rudolf Lehmann in 1650, there should have been six farms in the village , which is probably just a repetition of the situation before the Thirty Years' War. In addition, the six farmers represent only a part. The Thirty Years' War devastated the village completely, and Klein Loitz lay desolate for a while; In 1676 it says: occupied again some time ago.

In 1669 Adam Leupold had swapped Klein Loitz and a few other loan pieces for Caspar Siegmund von Truchseß's Reuthen estate. In the exchange agreement it is expressly stated that the Reuthen exchange object only comprised the Lower Lusatian-Saxon part. A part of the district with Gut Horlitza belonged to the Duchy of Sagan in terms of feudal law . To Klein Loitz means: how it came together from three different parts. In addition, the Reuthener Broth-Mühlteich, which Adam Leupold had already bought separately from the previous owner Hans Harbort von Mandelsloh, was to be reunited with the rest of the estate, i.e. once again to become an accessory to the Reuthen estate. On February 10, 1670, Caspar Siegmund von Truchseß received the feudal letter about Klein Loitz. He also owned, at least temporarily, Gablenz , Groß Oßnig and Willmersdorf . However, he did not keep Klein Loitz for long, but sold it on July 2, 1670 with all inventory and weights for 3,100 thalers to Sigismund von Kottwitz.

Kottwitz possession time

Sigismund von Kottwitz was the son of Nicol von Kottwitz and Marianne von Muschwitz on Dubrau and Groß Jamno . Nicol von Kottwitz had already died in 1638 leaving three underage children, the son Sigismund and two daughters. The two daughters were: Barbara Sibylle von Kottwitz, later wife of Seyfried von Stropschütz auf Groß Schacksdorf and Anna Margarethe von Kottwitz, later married to Wolf Ernst von Kottwitz. Sigismund's widow, Marianne von Muschwitz, remarried to Hans Ernst von Sehlstrang. The estate was burdened with such considerable debts that the heir to Dubrau and Groß Jamno, Sigismund von Kottwitz, had to go bankrupt in 1652. Dubrau was added to his mother Marianne von Muschwitz, as 3,170 thalers of marital payments were on the estate. Her second husband Hans Ernst von Sehlstrang, who also gave her the money for the repurchase, became the fief. In her will in 1671 she bequeathed 1000 thalers to her son Sigismund and 800 thalers each to her daughters. As early as 1652, the feud was converted into an inheritance. After her death in 1671 Dubrau came to the Major Abraham von Döbschütz. Groß Jamno had already come into the possession of Georg Möller, clerk in Peitz in 1652. In 1661 Groß Jamno came to Georg von Stutterheim on Werben.

Sigismund von Kottwitz was married twice, the name of his first wife not being known. In his second marriage he married Ursula Margarethe von Stutterheim, the daughter of Georg von Stutterheim, who had bought his previous fiefdom Groß Jamno. She brought 1,200 thalers of marriage money into the marriage. He had to borrow another 800 thalers from his brother-in-law Wolf Ernst von Kottwitz on Sergen in order to be able to pay Klein Loitz. But he had his brother in the hand Total record.

Klein Loitz owned by von Stutterheim

Sigismund von Kottwitz sold Klein Loitz in 1688 to his son-in-law Wolf Abraham von Stutterheim, who was married to his youngest daughter Eva Sofie. The purchase price was 5,000 thalers; and the enfeoffment with Klein Loitz took place on October 28, 1688. Wolf Abraham also had a new manor house built in Klein Loitz. In 1708, 10 gardeners or cottagers and 7 Büdner or cottagers (1718: 5 cottagers) lived in Klein Loitz. The estimate was 500 guilders. He died on June 12, 1723.

Klein Loitz's heir was his younger son Alexander Ehrenreich von Stutterheim. However, he had to take on high liabilities, such as 1,500 thalers to his mother and 3,500 thalers to his seven sisters. He leased the estate to his brother-in-law Ernst Gottlob von Bose, who was married to his sister Christiane Sofie. In 1728 he made an obligation for a loan of 700 thalers granted by his brother Nicolaus Christian von Stutterheim. Alexander Ehrenreich was in poor health and had to hand over Klein Loitz to his brother Friedrich Carl in 1732. But he survived his brother, who died on June 13, 1751, and inherited Klein Loitz again. But the debts exceeded the value of the property. On July 1, 1751, he asked for the conversion of the Klein Loitz estate into an allodial estate. The conversion was approved in 1752 for a fee of 275 thalers and 100 thalers stamp duties. However, because of his notorious poverty, he even had to ask for stamp duties to be waived. He died on August 6, 1754 in Klein Loitz.

Klein Loitz was now taken over by his sisters Henriette Elisabeth and Johanna Charlotte von Stutterheim († 1772), who received the letter of inheritance on July 10, 1755. In 1755 the village had 159 consumers. The average harvest in Dresden bushels was 486 bushels of grain, 4 bushels of wheat, 57 bushels of barley, 60 bushels of oats, 4 bushels of peas, 90 bushels of heather (= buckwheat ), a bushel of hops and 2½ bushels of flax . On June 13, 1763, the Stutterheim sisters sold Klein Loitz to Captain Johann Friedrich von Berge von Groß Kölzig for 13,000 thalers.

Klein Loitz owned by von Berge

On September 8, 1763, Johann Friedrich von Berge received the letter of inheritance about Klein Loitz. At that time, in addition to the manor buildings in the south-western part of the town center, the estate included a farm and a sheep farm as well as brewing and distilling rights. The two sisters kept their previous apartment, along with stables and barns and other buildings in Klein Loitz, but the buyer was responsible for their structural condition. They also kept three beds of fields, four more fields and other taxes for themselves. However, they undertook to free the property from mortgages and debts. That turned out to be more difficult or tedious than the sisters assumed, or they simply weren't very interested in it. In any case, their heirs were asked to cancel the remaining mortgages.

Johann von Berge had Margarethe Sofie von Langenn as his wife, with whom he had ten children. He leased Klein Loitz to a tenant named Hirte in 1789 for an annual ten-year lease of 450 thalers. In 1791, Klein Loitz is described as a noble village with 10 gardeners and 7 Büdners . Only four years later, however, Johann von Berge decided to sell Klein Loitz. The buyer was Matthäus Zeisig, leaseholder of Gut Greifenhain , who paid 24,700 thalers and 100 thalers key money for Klein Loitz. However, Johann von Berge reserved the residential building, the park and some of the land and taxes of the village. Johann von Berge died in 1794 during the formalities of the sale, so that his children initially received a letter of inheritance about Klein Loitz. In the same year (1794) they managed to sell to Matthäus Zeisig.

Klein Loitz is owned by Zeisig and Paschke

On November 20, 1794, Matthäus Zeisig finally received the letter of inheritance about Klein Loitz. He sold Klein Loitz on October 3, 1796 to his son-in-law Johann Wilhelm Paschke (* 1746 in Zützen; † December 20, 1811), who was married to his daughter Johanna Christiane Zeisig. Johann Wilhelm Paschke was previously the tenant in Bärenklau ( Gubenischer Kreis ) and Bresinchen ( Luckauischer Kreis ). He handed the Klein Loitz estate over to his son Christian Gottlob Sigismund Paschke (* 1776 - 23 February 1860). He married Johanne Rosine Friederike Heinze, daughter of the manor owner Christian Friedrich Heinze and Johanne Rosine Hirt von Bohsdorf, on November 24, 1812 in Klein Loitz. The topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O. lists Klein Loitz as a noble village with an outbuilding, two water mills, including a cutting mill and a windmill. In 1844 Klein Loitz is described as a village with 2 water mills and 1 wind mill . It had 40 houses and 242 residents.

Kemnitz possession time

The couple's only daughter Pauline married Eduard Kemnitz. She took over Klein Loitz from her father in 1848 for the symbolic price of 3,000 thalers. Berghaus expressly mentions Pauline Auguste Kemnitz, born in 1853. Paschke as the owner. At that time the estate had a total size of 1,846 acres of 138 square rods, of which 561 acres were 39 square rods arable, 18 acres were 14 square rods of meadows and 1,092 acres of 167 square rods were forest. The estimate was 500 thalers. In 1856 the manor owner Kemnitz was the police administrator in Klein Loitz. Rauer lists him as the owner for 1857. The couple had at least one son named Curt, who went to high school in Spremberg in 1866 . Eduard Kemnitz died before 1867, because in the topographical-statistical handbook of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. from 1867 Pauline is already described as widowed. The manual reflects the situation from around 1866. Klein Loitz is described as a village with 1 farm, 1 sheep farm, 1 cutting mill, 1 family house and 4 extended farmsteads . It had 39 houses and 228 residents. After Rudolf Lehmann, Klein Loitz remained in the possession of the widow Pauline Kemnitz nee until 1869. Paschke. She sold Klein Loitz in 1870 to an NN Schmidt, who sold the estate to an NN Burchardt in 1871.

Hermann Killisch von Horn becomes the owner of Klein Loitz

In 1872 Hermann Killisch von Horn bought Gut Klein Loitz. He was also the owner of the Tschernitz , Reuthen, Horlitza , Dubraucke and Wadelsdorf manors . In 1852 Hermann Killisch was from the Pomeranian lieutenant a. D. Friedrich Otto Leopold von Horn (July 19, 1794 to October 1, 1854) was adopted. A rise to the nobility was not connected with it. In the same year he married the daughter of a merchant Marie Antonie Weigel from Magdeburg. In the following years he tried (unjustifiably) to bring the name Killisch von Horn or von Killisch-Horn into circulation. It was not until 1880 that Duke Ernst II of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha granted him permission to use the von Horn family name. However, this did not apply to Prussia, where his applications to use the von Horn surname were rejected. Hermann Killisch von Horn and Marie Antonie Weigel had at least seven children. Hermann Killisch-Horn died in Berlin on November 23, 1886. Klein Loitz sold his widow to one of NN in 1888. Westernhagen. In 1888 he passed the estate on to Hans Georg (Georg Hans) von Glisczinski (1854–1917). After Rudolf Lehmen, Klein Loitz should be another NN. Räbiger and an NN. von Lüdecke, which, however, are not listed in Houwald.

Klein Loitz owned by von Glisczinski

Georg Hans von Glisczinski had Bertha Johanna Anna Ella Wilkins (1864–1923), daughter of Carl Rudolph Robert Wilkins and his wife Ernestine Wilhelmine Helene, born in 1884. Kielemann from Hornow married. In 1888 he bought the Klein Loitz manor. He died in Klein Loitz in 1917.

Heir to Klein Loitz was the son Hans (1885–1924), who lived with Ilse, née. from Dobschütz adH. Döbern was married. This marriage resulted in three children, two sons and a daughter. In 1908 the volunteer fire brigade was founded in Klein Loitz. At that time, the landlord paid for the first hand pressure syringe. The first local defense leader was the then estate inspector August Eickmann. According to the address book of the town and district of Spremberg from 1913, Georg Hans von Glisczinski had the inspector NN. Wiswede employed for administration. Karl Dahms looked after the forests of the estate as a forester.

After Hans von Glisczinski's early death, his wife took over the Klein Loitz estate. After Houwald, the son Otto von Glisczinski managed the estate in 1926. Niekammer's agricultural address book of manors, estates and farms in the province of Brandenburg names Ilse von Glisczinski and children as the owner for 1929 . Alfred Drescher from Halle (Saale) was the tenant of the estate. The administrator was Felix Jurskowiak, the administrator Albert Beck. The forester Richard Gundlach was also employed on the estate. The total size is given as 457 hectares, of which 108 hectares were arable, 12 hectares were meadows, 3 hectares were pastures, 350 hectares of forest and 4 hectares of land. The number of animals was: 13 horses, 45 head of cattle, including 23 cows, 38 sheep and 46 pigs.

In 1932 Ilse von Glisczinski is listed in the Spremberg address book as the owner of the manor, but lived there alone without her children. Apparently she was managing the estate herself again; in any case there is no daughter listed. Wilhelm Koch was the inspector on the estate at the time, Richard Gundlach was responsible for the forests as a forester.

In 1945 the property was expropriated. Ilse von Glisczinski stayed in Klein Loitz and only died in Cottbus in 1957. The LPG (T) "Peace Dove" Klein Loitz was formed in Klein Loitz.

Population development

Population development in Bagenz from 1755 to 2018
year 1755 1818 1846 1867 1875 1890 1900 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2001 2018
Residents 159 189 * 245 230 239 217 247 259 245 248 270 307 278 285 260 279 488 350
  • Village: 168, Vorwerk: 13, watermill: 4, water cutting mill: 4

Communal history

Klein Loitz is located in Lower Lusatia, which in 1635 came to a large extent as a Bohemian fiefdom of the Electorate of Saxony. In the early modern period the place belonged to the Spremberg district of the Saxon Lower Lusatia.

After the agreements of the Congress of Vienna , the formerly Saxon Klein Loitz came to the Kingdom of Prussia as part of Lower Lusatia in 1815 . There the place was in the district of Spremberg in the administrative district of Frankfurt . In the middle of the 19th century there was the parish and manor district of Klein Loitz. The parish comprised 840 acres in 1869, the manor 1791 acres. With the formation of the administrative districts in 1874 in what was then the province of Brandenburg , the municipality and manor district of Klein Loitz became District 2 Hornow. Head of office was the manor Carl Rudolph Robert Wilkins in Hornow. It was not until 1928 that the parish and manor district were combined to form the rural parish of Klein Loitz.

On July 25, 1952, the community was assigned to the newly formed Spremberg district in the Cottbus district, was in the Spremberg district in Brandenburg after the fall of the Wall and was part of the Döbern-Land office from July 31, 1992 . After the Brandenburg district reform on December 6, 1993, Klein Loitz finally joined the newly formed Spree-Neisse district . On December 31, 2001, Klein Loitz was merged with the previously independent communities of Bloischdorf, Bohsdorf and Friedrichshain to form the new community of Felixsee . Since then, Klein Loitz has been part of Felixsee. A local council consisting of three members is elected in the village. The chairman of the local advisory board is currently (2019)

Church history

Klein Loitz has no church and was parish off to Groß Luja in 1718, 1820 and 1930. Today (2019) Klein Loitz belongs to the Evangelical Church Community of Hornow in the parish of Senftenberg-Spremberg in the Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia.

Mills

As early as 1800 there were three mills, two water mills and a windmill in the Klein Loitz district. The so-called upper water mill here was a cutting mill.

The water cutter

The cutting mill was about 1.3 km south of the town center on the Tranitz (location:) . It is already referred to as a cutting mill in the topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O. from 1820. It consisted of the cutting mill and a house. In 1818 it had 4 residents. In the topographic map 1: 25,000 No. 4453 Weißwasser from 1901 it is now called a sawmill. It is still present on the topographic map 1: 25,000 from 1922, but is missing on the 1945 edition. World icon

The water mill

The second watermill was also on the Tranitz, about 500 meters from the western exit of the town (location:) . According to the topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O. from 1820 it consisted of a residential building and had four inhabitants. In 1854/60 the real burdens of the miller Kubsch were replaced. It is no longer mentioned in the description of the place from 1867. World icon

The windmill

The windmill was northeast of the town center (location:) . In 1820 it was uninhabited. In 1845/47 the two millers Kubsch and Kuschel received compensation for the elimination of the compulsory meal. It is no longer mentioned in the description of the place from 1867. World icon

Community leader

  • 1908 Kallasch
  • 1913 Kallasch
  • 1929 Paul Jakob, farmer
  • 1932 Paul Jakob, farmer

The disappearance of the Sorbian language

For his statistics on the Sorbian population in Lausitz, Arnošt Muka determined a population of 229 inhabitants in the 1880s, of which 217 were Sorbs (95%) and twelve were Germans. In 1956, Ernst Tschernik only had one Sorbian-speaking resident.

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Spree-Neisse lists a ground monument and two architectural monuments

Ground monument

  • No. 120452 Hall 1,2: German Middle Ages tower hill, modern village center, modern castle

Architectural monuments

  • No. 09125435 Dorfstraße 8: homestead with residential building and two barn storage rooms
  • No. 09125303 Friedrichshainer Weg 50: residential building

The Klein Loitzer manor house was built at the end of the 17th century and expanded more and more in the following time. In front of the manor there is a park with the old village clock.

Village clock in front of the manor house

Natural monuments

The list of natural monuments contains a single tree and a boulder.

  • No. 9 Wild pear, OT Klein Loitz. 150, the K m south 7107 (Location: )World icon
  • . No 10. erratic "Finkenstein" Ronne granite, 200 m of the cycle path E. Reuthen-Bohsdorf on the district Klein Loitz. (Location: )World icon

natural reserve

In the eastern part of the district, the Reuthener Moor nature reserve extends over a small part of the district. By far the greater part is in the Reuthen district and, to a small extent, in the Friedrichshain district.

literature

  • Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus: Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century; or geographical-historical-statistical description of the Province of Brandenburg, at the instigation of the State Minister and Upper President Flottwell. Third volume. XCV S. + 783 S., printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg, 1856. Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated as Berghaus, Landbuch with corresponding page number)
  • Georg Conrad: History of the middle-class Wilkins family from 1620 to 1905. CA Starcke, Görlitz, 1905 (hereinafter abbreviated to Conrad, history of the Wilkins with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitzer manors and their owners Volume I District Spremberg. XIV, 273 p., Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch, 1978 (hereinafter abbreviated to Houwald, Rittergüter, vol. 1 Spremberg with corresponding page number)
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 2. The districts of Cottbus, Spremberg, Guben and Sorau. 439 p., Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979 ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (hereinafter abbreviated Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, Vol. 2 with corresponding page number).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Facts and Figures. In: amt-doebern-land.de. Office Döbern-Land , accessed on February 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Ernst Eichler: The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975, p. 76.
  3. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 107 .
  4. ↑ a b c Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon, Niederlausitz, 2, p. 139.
  5. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv - Online research: Heinrich Anselm Freiherr von Promnitz, on Pleß, Sorau, Triebel and Hoyerswerda, Dobrilugk and Naumburg, governor of the Lower Lusatia margraviate, enfeoffed in the name of Emperor Rudolf II, King of Bohemia etc., at the request of his relatives ( "Oheimen"), the brothers Leonhardt and Dietrich von Kittlitz ("Kitlicz"), on Mallmitz ("Malnitz") and Eisenberg ("Eysenbergk") or Fürstenau ("-aw") and Kunzendorf ("Cuntzendorff"), their Mündel Karl, Siegmund and Seyfried von Kittlitz, sons of the deceased Karl von Kittlitz, on Mallmitz, Eisenberg and Spremberg with the castle and city of Spremberg including all accessories, especially the customs justice in the city of Spremberg, the little town of Drebkau ("Dreybko") and the village Graustein ("Grafenstein"); the villages of Byhlow ("Bielaw"), Trattendorf, Buckow ("Bucka"), Slamen ("Schlamen"), Sellessen ("Seleßmaw"), Kantdorf ("Canttorff") and the Winkel before Spremberg; also 3 hereditary farmers to Graustein; the Reuthenische (Reutnic) heath including half of the Luch (luge) attached to it, by virtue of the comparison made about it in 1597; the Bagenzer Heide, in which the von Löben on Groß Döbern have a logging justice documented in their letters of trust about Groß Döbern, the Golicsch; one third of the Klein-Loitz estate; 2 farmers to Türkendorf and 2 1/2 (“third half”) bushels of interest grain from the mill at Byhlow (“Bielaw”). The already mentioned brothers of the late Karl von Kittlitz, Leonhardt and Dietrich von Kittlitz received the enfeoffment for the entire hand; also Georg Friedrich von Kittlitz, Princely Briegscher Council, on Ottendorf; Michael, Adam and Fabian von Kittlitz on Zauche, Gustau ("Guste") and Wiesenbusch ("Druse"); Hans Christof von Kittlitz on Schweinitz and Ottendorf; Ladislaus ("Laßell") von Kittlitz, son of the late Alexander von Kittlitz, on Zeisdorf. "Happen and give up on the royal closed to Luben, the twenty-first Aprilis anno one thousand five hundred ninety-ninek" 1599 April 21.
  6. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv - Online research: Contains among other things: Obligation of Alexander Ehrenreich von Stutterheim to Klein Loitz about a loan granted by his brother Nicolaus Christian von Stutterheim, 1728.
  7. ↑ AS Zeutsch: Alphabetical index of all the writers and officials in the Electorate of Saxony and in the corresponding incorporated countries, including accisable large and small cities, offices, castles, spots, knight estates, villages, forwerge, parishes, post stations, shepherds, mills , Gifts, desert brands, all mining, colliery, mine, hut, also forest, forest and hunting buildings, the same high furnaces, smelting works, pounding and hammer works, also pitch smelters etc, also in which creys, Office or jurisdiction each appropriate, with annotations attached. Walther'sche Hofbuchhandlung, Dresden, 1791 Online at Google Books , p. 261.
  8. ^ Berghaus' Landbuch, p. 729 Online at Google Books
  9. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. 388 p., G. Hayn, Berlin, 1820, p. 303.
  10. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. 270 S., Frankfurt a. O., Gustav Harnecker's Buchhandlung, 1844 Online at Google Books , p. 210
  11. ↑ Berghaus' Landbuch, p. 728 Online at Google Books
  12. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt an der Oder, Extraordinary Supplement to Official Gazette No. 41 of October 8, 1856, p. 25 Online at Google Books
  13. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the knight estates represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. 454 p., Self-published by Rauer, Berlin 1857 Online at the University and State Library Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , p. 122.
  14. ↑ Carl Scjmidt: Annual report on the higher citizen school in Spremberg, with which the public examination in the upper preschool class and in the real classes Sexta to Prima, which is to be held on September 28, 1866 morning from 8 a.m. and afternoon from 2 a.m. in the hall of the Realschule building . Schnellpressdruck CF Säbisch, Spremberg, 1866 Online at Google Books
  15. ↑ a b c Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. 346 S., published by Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit., 1867 Online at Google Books , p. 249.
  16. ^ Conrad, History of the Wilkins, p. 76
  17. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau Online from January 24, 2008: There is an exhibition for the 100th birthday
  18. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau Online from June 20, 2008: Klein Loitzer Gutsherr shelled out first hand pressure syringe
  19. ↑ a b Address book of the city and district of Spremberg (Lausitz). Paul Plonz Buchdruckerei, Spremberg (Lausitz), p. 187.
  20. ↑ Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, 464 p., Leipzig, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig, 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books, Volume VII), p. 286.
  21. ↑ a b Address book of the Spremberg district 1932. Printing and publishing house CF Saebisch, Spremberg (Lausitz), p. 192.
  22. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. According to the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. II. The Province of Brandenburg. Publishing house of the Royal Statistical Bureau, Berlin 1873 Online at Google Books , pp. 234–237.
  23. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical community directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.13 District Spree-Neisse PDF
  24. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt an der Oder, Extraordinary Supplement to Official Gazette No. 20 of May 20, 1874, pp. 1–2 online at Google Books
  25. ↑ Ev. Parish Hornow
  26. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv - Online research: Compulsory meal compensation for mill owners Kubsch and Kuschel in Klein Loitz. 1845-1847.
  27. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv - Online research: Klein Loitz: Replacement of the real loads of the miller Kubsch. 1854-1860.
  28. ↑ District calendar for the Calau - Cottbus - Spremberg districts 1908, p. 100 download link from the SLB
  29. ↑ Inhabitants of the Spremberg district 1929. Printing and publishing house CF Saebisch, Spremberg (Lausitz), p. 215.
  30. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
  31. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995.
  32. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: District Spree-Neiße (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  33. ↑ Felixsee municipality. Office Döbern-Land, accessed on August 31, 2017 .
  34. ↑ The green treasure chest of Niederlausitz. (pdf; 5.39 MB) A collection of the 68 natural monuments of the Spree-Neisse district . (No longer available online.) Spree-Neisse district, Untere Naturschutzverwaltung, 2008, p. 29 , archived from the original on October 20, 2016 ; accessed on October 15, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lkspn.de

Web links

Commons : Klein Loitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Klein Loitz in the RBB program Landschleicher on July 28, 1996