Tüschenbroich

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Tüschenbroich (Wegberg)
City of Wegberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 9 ″  N , 6 ° 15 ′ 10 ″  E
Height : 77 m
Residents : 414  (June 30, 2012)
Postal code : 41844
Area code : 02434
Tüschenbroich Castle

Tüschenbroich is a district of the Mittelstadt Wegberg in the district of Heinsberg in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia .

geography

Heavily elevated NNW-SSO profile through the center of Tüschenbroich
"Mairie de Tuschenbroich" around 1806

Tüschenbroich is located southwest of the city of Wegberg in the area of ​​the fluvial sediments of the Schwalm - Nette -Platte, a partial landscape of the Lower Rhine lowlands and in the international Maas-Schwalm-Nette nature park . It is known nationwide for the Tüschenbroicher Mühle, a popular excursion restaurant that is located at the Tüschenbroich pond and Tüschenbroich Castle . The place is in a weak valley {cf. the adjacent profile} of one of the Schwalm tributaries, which today is largely piped and only comes to light at the end of the village (this inflow can still be seen in the topographic map of Wegberg {1954 edition}). Allegedly there are three sources in the local area: one below the church, one in the area of ​​the former school and one in the area of ​​the former nursing home.

The elongated forest hoof-like village begins in the southwest at a height of approx. 81 m and ends after approx. 1 km in the northeast at a level of approx. 75 m. Large parts of the Lower Rhine lowlands - including the area around Tüschenbroich - were located in the catchment area of ​​the Rhine and Maas during the oldest Ice Age ( Altpleistocene ), which were much wider than today and deposited considerable amounts of gravel and sand: This material is called Main terrace designated. In later ice ages, fine-grained aeolian material ( drifting sand , sand loess , loess ) from the extensive gravel surfaces of these ice age rivers (Rhine / Maas) was deposited on this main terrace . They were carried east and south-east by westerly and northwest winds. The coarser material remained in the German-Dutch border strip, the finer-grained sand loess got a little further (e.g. into the area around Tüschenbroich), and finally the real loess, which consists of fine-sandy to very fine-sandy loam, was deposited in the direction of Erkelenz . This also explains that the Tüschenbroich part of the main terrace north of the road "In Tüschenbroich" (sandy gravel of the Elsterglacial (= Elster Ice Age )) and the adjoining part in the south of Tüschenbroich, which is made of fine-sand loam and loamy fine sand on sandy gravel of the main terrace is marked, is geologically assigned to the Vistula glaciation. In the direct area of ​​the road "In Tüschenbroich" there are mainly Holocene sediments . The gritty material of the Tüschenbroich soils is composed of rocks from the Rhine and Maas catchment areas. They are mainly quartzite , silica slate , clay slate , sandstones and flint oils of the Tertiary , Mesozoic and Devonian ages. Igneous rocks from the Siebengebirge, the Eifel and the Lahn area, as well as porphyry rocks from the Maas river basin, are less common. The characteristic light gray, dark or brown, irregularly shaped, cavernous flint stones come from the Upper Chalk of the Ardennes border from Aachen to Maastricht. Due to the spatial proximity, Triassic rocks from the edge of the Eifel also play a certain role ; especially red sandstones. The rounded shapes of the rocks in the Tüschenbroich soils clearly point to an embankment by flowing waters (Rhine / Maas).


Clockwise around Tüschenbroich are the places Brunbeck, Broich, Watern, Uevekoven, Grambusch , Dieker Hof , Geneiken . The last three mentioned belong to the city of Erkelenz .

To the east of Tüschenbroich lies the Tüschenbroich Forest with the Tüschenbroich Castle , the oil mill and the Schanzer Hof. The headwaters of the Schwalm can also be found here.

In the west, the road from Schwanenberg to Arsbeck passes the village. To the west is the Wegberg-Wildenrath commercial and industrial park, formerly an RAF airfield.

The place consists mainly of the street "In Tüschenbroich", formerly "Dorfstraße". All branches have the same name. At the intersections only the house numbers are given that are in the side streets. Properties that can only be reached via the bypass road north of the village (commonly referred to as Grenzlandringzubringer) are labeled "Gerderhahner Straße". The cultural center of the village is the church and parish hall. This is bordered by the Schieß-Sport-Verein Tüschenbroich 1972 e. V. operated shooting range as well as a playground and a sports field. The football club Tüschenbroich United plays its games in the village league and friendly matches here.

The place has 433 inhabitants (2017).

history

As almost everywhere in the Erkelenzer Land, the beginnings of human settlement in the Tüschenbroich area can be traced back to prehistoric times. Since there are no written documents from this time, archaeological finds - v. a. Stone tools and ceramic products - as evidence of such a settlement. Friedel Krings goes in 1955 assuming that the earliest colonization on the New Stone Age is to date (Neolithikum), since the north slope of the flat Schwalm source trough between Tüschenbroich and Brunbeck from this period several fragments of Beilen, Feuersteinabsplissen and a crude from flint awarded and An ax that has not yet been sharpened has been found. After consulting with the then Tüschenbroich teacher Schaffrath, he continues to assume that a prehistoric workshop was located there. Somewhat northwest of the village (not far from the sites described above) an apparently much older, Middle Paleolithic (Middle Paleolithic) hand ax made of flint was found during the potato harvest in 1988 . Two further Middle Paleolithic finds were found by Tüschenbroich farmers between Tüschenbroich and Klinkum. According to Krings, one has to imagine the Stone Age settlements on the flood-proof terrace edge, whereby these old settlements were probably destroyed by the intensive cultivation lasting four thousand years: Only the stone tools survived these times.

For the village of Tüschenbroich, the time of its formation - as with almost all forest hoof settlements in the Lower Rhine region - cannot be precisely given, as the first documented mentions are very late and therefore say little about the time of formation. The settlement was first mentioned in documents as Thuschinbroc in 1172. Tüschenbroich belonged to Wassenberg and later to the Duchy of Jülich . Here it formed a subordinate rule that was owned by changing noble families. In 1624 Franz von Spiering bought the subordinate Tüschenbroich for the price of 24,200 Reichstalers. After the original castle complex was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War , he had today's moated castle built. It formed the center of the Tüschenbroich rule with the mill and Ulrich's chapel. Until the French revolutionary troops marched in in 1794, the village remained the property of this family.

After 1794, Tüschenbroich was combined with the Jülichschen Wegberg to form one municipality. This became part of France through the Peace of Lunéville in 1801 and was located in the canton of Erkelenz, Département de la Roer .

In 1815 both districts came to Prussia , but it was not until 1820 that they were combined to form the Wegberg mayor .

“In 1828 the male line of those from Spierings died out. Ida Natalie von Spiering, b. 1812, who married Count Carl von Dillen from Württemberg. In 1836 he sold the rulership to the notary Justizrat Gormanns zu Erkelenz, from whom it passed by inheritance in 1850 to the Justizrat Jungbluth family in Erkelenz, who still own it today. "

In 1876 the castle was renewed after severe storm damage.


At the eastern end of Tüschenbroich, on the right-hand side of the Tüschenbroich brook (which is also known as the Fußbach), a ditch (Dürselen [ Motte ] ditch ) is shown as a ground monument . The Dürselener Hof was in the swampy lowland (coordinates: 51.11952, 6.25838). The trenches of the circular system with a diameter of 70–80 meters are 3 to 6 meters deep. This "Rabeiths Hof zu Durssdal" (1527) was even entitled to logging on Meinweg , today it has disappeared. He was listed in the tax list of 1397 under "Rabert van Dursdale". In 1806 it is still shown in the Tranchot map together with the circular moat - but not in the topographic map TK25 from 1844.

Part of the moat in Tüschenbroich that surrounded the moth of the Dursdaler Hof


“About 800 m from the castle is the place Tüschenbroich, which, as part of the castle, was probably only inhabited by its servants in older times. Today the place counts 197 male, 202 female, altogether 399 inhabitants in 83 households, which almost exclusively operate agriculture. There are 81 inhabited and 5 uninhabited houses. Numerous small springs emerge in the middle of the village. In 1819 a house that serves as a classroom and apartment for the teacher was purchased. The costs were raised by the residents. As early as 1837, a new school building had to be built while maintaining and repairing the teacher's apartment. The costs amounted to 798 thalers., 23 Sgr., 6 Pfg., Which from the proceeds of the sold Dykerheide-Tüschenbroischer-Bruche and Driesches with 453 thalers., 29 Sgr., 8 Pfg., The remainder were covered by levy.

In 1841 an incendiary fire station and a latrine are built; Costs 168 thalers, 16 Sgr.

In 1860 the quarry in Tüschenbroich is ameliorated, for which the state government provides 100 Thlr. approved.

In 1863 a new school building was built. The costs for this amounted to 1975 Thlr. The building was put into use in January 1865.

In 1868 new latrines were added. The costs for this were 220 thalers.

In 1877 the old school apartment was restored to its structural condition at a cost of 345 thalers.

In 1904 a second class was set up.

Because of the long way to the parish church, the inhabitants built a chapel from voluntary donations in 1865, and every inhabitant there committed himself to every Thlr. State income tax 100 Thlr. to pay, that's 10000%. The construction costs amounted to 3200 thalers. The efforts to establish an own parish system were then unsuccessful. In 1899 an apartment was built for a special clergyman and one was appointed in the person of Rector Cordewener. This was followed by Rector Hetzer from 1901 to January 2, 1906, and then by Rector Aretz.

After Tüschenbroich, Geneiken, Genfeld, Broich and Brunbeck were formed into an independent chapel congregation with its own property management, separated from Wegberg in 1904, this chapel congregation was elevated to a parish on October 1, 1907. To achieve this goal, the residents again had to make large financial sacrifices. So they paid z. B. voluntarily to set up the prescribed parish fund for each mark of assessed state income tax 20 marks for this purpose = 2000%.

On December 12, 1907, the previous rector, Franz Aretz, was the first pastor to take office.

Now plans were made to enlarge or rebuild the church, which had become too small. In 1907 a special cemetery was created for the parish by the community. "

In the middle of the 19th century, theater was played on the carnival days in Tüschenbroich - as in many other places in the Erkelenzer Land ( lovers' theater ). As early as 1856, the Tüschenbroich choral society played a piece from the comic-classical repertoire: Molières George Dandin .

According to the "Resident Address Book for the Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg and Erkelenz Districts" from 1935, Tüschenbroich had 394 inhabitants in 1935; This address book also lists Josef Herkenrath as pastor of the Catholic parish, Johann Gisbertz as Rendant and Heinrich Lennartz as head of the Catholic elementary school in Tüschenbroich. There was also a post office in Tüschenbroich in 1935, a gymnastics club under the direction of Hermann Königs, a virgin congregation under the direction of Pastor Herkenrath and the St. Lambertus Brotherhood, which still exists today, under the direction of Wilhelm Lennartz. In this address book, all adult or working residents of Tüschenbroich (as of 1935) are finally listed with job details and precise addresses (so you can see, among other things, that there were many independent service providers in the village at that time - e.g. hairdresser, house painter, tailor, gardener , Baker etc.).

Classicist garments can still be found frequently on numerous Tüschenbroich houses that were built in the mid-19th century
Historicist friezes (tooth and block friezes - also known as German bands ) - can still be seen - as in these examples - on many old Tüschenbroich houses

Place name

The place name contains the preposition tuschen (= between, in the middle). The word -broich means break (= bog , swamp ) and is spoken with a long “O”: [ ˈbʁoːχ ] ( stretch-i ). The name is understandable if you consider the topographical location (see above).

religion

Ulrich's Chapel in Tüschenbroich
Catholic Church in Tüschenbroich
Fist sketch Tüschenbroichs 1928

The majority of the population is Catholic. Tüschenbroich belonged to the Wegberg parish for centuries. It only became an independent parish in 1907, and the cemetery was also laid out in that year. On November 20, 1932, today's Catholic Church (Heilig-Geist-Kirche) was consecrated , which was architecturally planned in a modern, functional style by the architect Hans Peter Fischer from Cologne. The planned elevation of the low bell tower , which was also approved in 1964, was never implemented - it was intended to ensure that the bells can also be heard in the parish communities of Geneiken and Brunbeck . The previous building , which was almost in the same place (it stood across the current church between the street and the main entrance, which can be seen in the Wegberg topographic map from 1928 - see also the sketch of the topographic map from 1928 on this page!) from 1863 was demolished in the spring of 1933, the stones of which were partly used to build the small chapel at the end of the village. The Protestant residents of Tüschenbroich belong to the Evangelical Church Community of Wegberg.

Culture

Attractions

  • Tüschenbroich Castle as memorial no.118
  • Motte Tüschenbroich in the Tüschenbroich pond
  • Restaurant and former mill as monument no.119
  • Oil mill at Tüschenbroich pond as monument no.120
  • Baroque Ulrich chapel in the Tüschenbroich forest from 1640 as monument no.117
  • Hofanlage, In Tüschenbroich 39 as monument no.121
  • Hofanlage, In Tüschenbroich 41 as monument no.122
  • Tüschenbroich sports field
  • Catholic parish church "Holy Spirit"
  • War memorial

societies

  • Schieß-Sport-Verein Tüschenbroich 1972 e. V.
  • Skatfreunde Tüschenbroich 1989 e. V.
  • St. Lambertus-Schützenbruderschaft Tüschenbroich 1908 e. V.
  • Wegberg volunteer fire department , Tüschenbroich fire fighting group

Regular events

  • Birdshot on Pentecost Sunday
  • Shooting festival on the 3rd Sunday in August
  • Football village championship
  • Open annual evaluation of the Skatfreunde Tüschenbroich 1989 e. V.
  • Advent celebration on the 2nd Sunday of Advent in the Schützenhalle

leisure

  • Mini golf course and boat rental at Tüschenbroicher Weiher.

Infrastructure

  • Parish home
  • Small caliber and air rifle shooting range
  • Fire station

swell

  1. ↑ Paul BLAESEN, The geological development and the geological structure of the district of Erkelenz, in: Heimatkalender der Erkelenzer Lande 1962, p. 22ff.
  2. ↑ Prussian Geological State Institute (Hrsg.): Geological overview map of Germany. Sheet 108/109: W. Schriel: Erkelenz-Düsseldorf. Scale: 1: 200,000. Prussian Geological State Institute, Berlin 1939.
  3. ↑ Prussian Geological State Institute (ed.): Geological map of Prussia and neighboring states. Wegberg sheet. Scale: 1: 25,000. Prussian Geological State Institute, Berlin 1921.
  4. ^ W. Wunstorf, Explanations of the Geological Map of Prussia and neighboring states, Blatt Wegberg, Ed .: Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt, Berlin 1921.
  5. ↑ Friedel KRINGS, On the prehistoric settlement of the Erkelenzer Land, mainly the Schwalm source area, in: Heimatkalender der Erkelenzer Lande 1955, p. 34ff.
  6. ↑ Olaf JÖRIS, A Middle Paleolithic hand ax from Wegberg-Tüschenbroich, in: Heimatkalender des Kreis Heinsberg, born 1989, p. 13 ff.
  7. ↑ Herlig Zschocke, Die Waldhufensiedlungen on the left Lower Rhine, Wiesbaden 1963, p. 51
  8. ^ History of the community of Wegberg based on documentary material edited by Adolf Vollmer, mayor of Wegberg, together with an appendix containing the local statutory and local police regulations, Cologne 1912. Printed and published by Th. Quo
  9. ↑ http://www.npr-meinweg.eu/download/1/Romantische_Route_D.pdf (date of access: February 9, 2020)
  10. ↑ Vollmer, History of the community Wegberg, Cöln 1912
  11. ↑ Fritz Jakobs, The beginnings of amateur theater in Klinkum and Wegberg, in: Heimatkalender the country Erkelenzer 1958, p 81
  12. ↑ Jakobs, address book for residents of the Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg and Erkelenz districts, Kempen, 1935
  13. ↑ http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Kreis_Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg_und_Erkelenz/Adressbuch_1935 , pp. 496–498
  14. ↑ http://sanktmartinwegberg.de/
  15. ^ Heinz Cohnen: Heimatbuch der Stadt Wegberg. Beautification u. Tourist office, Wegberg 1984.
  16. ↑ Dorothea Cremer: 100 years of the parish Hl. Geist Tüschenbroich. Wegberg 2007.
  17. ↑ http://www.ek-wegberg.de/
  • Wegberg cultural guide. City Marketing Team of the City of Wegberg, Wegberg 2007, pp. 146–161.

Web links

Commons : Tüschenbroich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files