Tworków

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Tworków
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Tworków (Poland)
Tworków
Tworków
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Silesia
Powiat : Racibórz
Gmina : Krzyżanowice
Geographic location : 50 ° 0 ′  N , 18 ° 14 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 16 ″  N , 18 ° 14 ′ 9 ″  E
Residents : 2800
Postal code : 47-451
Telephone code : (+48) 32
License plate : SRC
Economy and Transport
Street : Racibórz - Bohumín
Rail route : Racibórz – Chałupki
Next international airport : Katowice



Tworków (German Tworkau , 1936–1945 Tunskirch ; Czech Tvorkov ) is a village in the rural municipality of Krzyżanowice in the Raciborski powiat in Poland. It belongs to the Silesian Voivodeship and is fifteen kilometers south of Racibórz . The border with the Czech Republic runs southwest of Tworków.

geography

Tworków is on the right side of the Przykopa on the road 45, which runs from Racibórz to Zabełków ( Zabelkau ; 1936–1945 Schurgersdorf ), where it joins the road 78, which leads to the Czech border to Starý Bohumín . Neighboring towns are Buków in the east, Krzyżanowice in the southeast, Nowa Wioska ( Neudörfel ) and Owsiszcze ( Owschütz ; 1936–1945 Habergrund ) in the south, Bolesław ( Boleslau ; 1936–1945 Bunzelberg ) in the west and Bienkowice ( Benkowitz ; 1936–1945 Berendorf ) in Northwest.

history

Castle gate

Tworków was probably founded in the first half of the 13th century and laid out as an anger village. In 1258 the Bohemian King Ottokar II. Přemysl transferred it to the noble Andreas / Ondřej , who came from the Bohemian noble family Beneschau . It follows that Tworkau / Tvorkov was then part of the Moravian province of Opava and after the founding of the Duchy of Opava in 1318 it belonged to it. A pastor Laurentius and a church are documented for the year 1339, which probably was dedicated to St. Urban was consecrated. Presumably when the Duchy of Opava was divided in 1377, Tworkau was added to the Duchy of Ratibor , which had been a fief of the Bohemian Crown since 1327 and was ruled by the Opava branch of the Přemyslids in 1336 . Until the 16th century Tworkau was owned by the Lords of Tworkau , under whom a church was built in the 14th century. According to the report of the episcopal visitation from Wroclaw from 1687, the local church preached in the Polish language ( concio Polonica ). Other owners were among others the noble families Gaschin (from 1557), von Reisswitz and from 1752 von Eichendorff . The last landowners were the Counts of Saurma-Jeltsch from 1841 . A parish school in Tworkau has been recorded as early as 1674.

Together with the Duchy of Ratibor, Tworkau came to Prussia with most of Silesia after the First Silesian War . Since the border with Austrian Silesia ran southwest of Tworkau, the economic connections there were severed. At the beginning of the 18th century, Tworkau consisted of 24 farms, 40 cottagers as well as a mill and a Kretscham . In 1811 an organized farmers' survey started from Tworkau, but it was put down. After the reorganization of Prussia, Tworkau belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was incorporated into the Ratibor district from 1818 , with which it remained connected until 1945. In 1858, numerous villagers made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land . From 1874, the rural community of Tworkau formed the administrative district of the same name , which also included the rural communities of Bukau, Ellguth-Tworkau and Kamin as well as the manor districts of Bukau, Ellguth-Tworkau, Kamin and Tworkau. At the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , Czechoslovakia claimed the area, as did Poland. In 1936, the Tworkau district was renamed the Tunskirch district. In 1875 the village road was expanded into a country road.

As a result of the Second World War , Tworkau, like almost all of Silesia, fell to Poland in 1945 and was renamed Tworków . The German population was largely expelled. Some of the newly settled residents were displaced from eastern Poland . From 1946 to 1998 Tworków was part of the Katowice Voivodeship .

Alfred Zaręba classified the local dialect of the Polish-Silesian dialect as the dialect of the narrow Silesian-Lachian border area on the left bank of the Oder and the Zinna, but many linguists (besides the dialect in Bieńkowice ) even include it as the Lachish language , although the village never belongs to Moravian-speaking diocese of Olomouc belonged to. Many villagers have Moravian surnames to this day, which indicates migration from the villages in the west (see also Hultschiner Ländchen ).

Attractions

Ruin of the castle
  • The church of St. Peter and Paul was built in 1691–1694 on the site of a previous building by the master builder Johann Zeller. It has a rich baroque interior with a patronage box. In the chapel there are sarcophagi belonging to the von Reisswitz family.
  • The former Tworkau Castle was built in the 14th century by the Lords of Tworkau and Krawarn and rebuilt in the Renaissance style in the 16th century. Another renovation took place in 1872–1874 by the architect Karl Heidenreich for the von Saurma-Jeltsch family. In 1931 it suffered great damage from a fire and further destruction at the end of the war in 1945. The ruin has been preserved.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Idzi Panic: Jak my ongiś godali. Język mieszkańców Górnego Śląska od średniowiecze do połowy XIX wieku [The language of the inhabitants of Upper Silesia in the Middle Ages and in modern times] . Avalon, Cieszyn-Kraków 2015, ISBN 978-83-7730-168-5 , p. 200 (Polish).
  2. ↑ digitized version
  3. ↑ http://www.territorial.de/obschles/ratibor/tunskirc.htm
  4. ↑ Mariusz Kowalski: Morawianie (Morawcy) w Polsce . In: Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej . No. 5 , 2016, p. 127 (Polish, online [PDF]).
  5. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.slonsk.de