Vicki Baum
Vicki Baum , also Vicky Baum , actually Hedwig Baum (born January 24, 1888 in Vienna , † August 29, 1960 in Los Angeles , California , United States ) was an Austrian musician ( harpist ) expatriated from the German Reich and one of the most successful writers of the Weimar Republic . She emigrated to the USA as early as 1932 and took American citizenship.
Life
The daughter of the Jewish government official Hermann Baum and his wife Mathilde, b. Donath, attended the pedagogy and trained as a harpist at the Conservatory of the Society of Friends of Music from 1898 to 1904 . After an engagement in the symphony orchestra of the Wiener Konzertverein, she came to Darmstadt as a harpist in 1913 , where she worked as a grand ducal court and chamber musician. Later she was musically active in Kiel (1916/17), Hanover (1917–1923) and Mannheim .
Vicki Baum was married to the writer and journalist Max Prels (born July 28, 1878) from 1909 to 1913. From 1914 she began to write on the side, initially incognito.
In 1916 Baum married the conductor Richard Lert . The marriage resulted in the sons Wolfgang (* 1917, † 2009) and Peter (* 1921, † 2012).
After the birth of their first son Wolfgang in Kiel in 1917, the family moved to Hanover that same year , where Lert worked as the first conductor and head of the opera at the municipal theaters . The family initially lived at Dieterrichsstrasse 11 in Hanover's Mitte district , from 1921 to 1923 on the ground floor of what was then Podbielskistraße 335 (today: number 53) in List .
In 1919 Baum published her first work, Early Shadows, as "Vicki Baum" . From 1926 to 1931 she was a publishing clerk and magazine editor in Berlin for Ullstein .
“You see, I'm an editor at Ullstein-Verlag. The Ullsteins also descend from Jews. But in Germany we don't make a big fuss about whether a house is descended from Jews. These are purely religious questions. I'm not religious, so I don't consider myself a Jew - nor have I ever been seen as such. "
With her novel Stud. Chem. She became known to Helene Willfüer in 1928. The success of her other works is explained by the topicality of the problems they deal with and the precise descriptions of the milieu. Her novels can be described as exciting entertainment literature, but are also considered to be an important contribution to the New Objectivity . She wrote the script herself for the adaptation of her novel Hell in Frauensee as The Three Women from Urban Hell . Her dramatization of the novel People in the Hotel was premiered on January 26, 1930 in the Theater am Nollendorfplatz .
Vicki Baum was regarded by the Nazis as a “Jewish asphalt writer” and was heavily discriminated against. In an anti-Semitic inflammatory pamphlet in 1932, the Nazi cultural politician Hans Hauptmann criticized the "shallow, amoral sensational novels that the" Jew Vicki Baum-Levy "used to write". Baum's books fell victim to the book burning in Germany in 1933 . On May 5, 1933, her works were placed on a "stake" at the University of Rostock. After she was expatriated in 1938, she acquired American citizenship that year and published other works in English.
After the play "People in the Hotel" was translated into English, it was performed on Broadway in New York . Because these performances were successful, Vicki Baum became very well known in the United States. In 1931 she accepted the invitation to take part in the film adaptation of her most famous novel People in the Hotel (as " Grand Hotel ") directed by Edmund Goulding with Greta Garbo in Hollywood . In 1932 she moved to California, probably also out of clairvoyance about political developments in Germany. With fees for film adaptations and script participation, Vicki Baum was able to afford an elegant villa in Pacific Palisades ( 1461 Amalfi Drive ). She lived here near the great emigrants Thomas Mann and Lion Feuchtwanger .
In 1949 Vicki Baum traveled to Europe: Portugal, France, Italy, Switzerland and Belgium, but not Germany and Austria. She died in Los Angeles in 1960. Her numerous novels, many of which have been made into films and translated into several languages, are still published today.
In addition to her novels, Vicki Baum also wrote short stories and dramas as well as numerous columnist texts for over 35 different newspapers and magazines , which were first published in book form in January 2018.
Honors
In 1983 there was a twenty-minute television documentary by Gisela Reich on Süddeutscher Rundfunk with the title "Vicki Baum - A first-class writer of the second order". The title uses a self-deprecating twist from Vicki Baum's memoir, which is entitled " Everything was very different" .
In 1999 in Vienna in the 4th district on Wiedner Hauptstrasse between their houses No. 36 and 38, the confluence of Waaggasse, which forms a small square, was named Vicki-Baum-Platz .
Since 2009 there is a " Vicki-Baum-Straße " in Berlin-Rummelsburg
Works (selection)
- 1914: Early shadows. The end of a childhood . Novel. Publishing house Erich Reiss, Berlin.
- 1920: The entrance to the stage. Ullstein, Berlin.
- 1921: The dances of Ina Raffay.
- 1922: The other days . Novellas. German publishing house, Berlin.
- 1922: Boys travel. A cheerful story for young people
- 1923: The world without sin
- 1924: Ulle the dwarf . Novel. German publishing house, Berlin
- 1926: dance break
- 1927: Hell in Frauensee. A cheerful novel of love and hunger. Ullstein, Berlin.
- 1927: Feme . Novel. Ullstein, Berlin.
- 1928: Stud. Chem. Helene Willfuer . Novel. Ullstein, Berlin.
- 1929: People in the hotel. A colportage novel with backgrounds. Ullstein, Berlin. (see people in the hotel )
- 1930: Incident in Lohwinkel.
- 1930: miniatures
- 1930: Grand Hotel . Translation by Basil Creighton, Bles, London. Theater version of people in the hotel. 1929.
- 1931: Pariser Platz 13
- 1932: life without a secret
- 1935: The multiplication table / rendezvous in Paris
- 1936: Doris Hart's career
- 1937: Love and Death on Bali (Love and death on Bali) . New edition Cologne 2002, ISBN 3-462-03122-8 (Contrary to the title, it is not about the love story, but rather a novel-like description of the ritual life of a Balinese village and its destruction by Dutch colonizers at the beginning of the last century).
- 1937: The big sell-off. Querido, Amsterdam 1937
- 1939: Hotel Shanghai (Shanghai '37)
- 1939: The big break
- 1940: The Ship and the shores / It began on board
- 1941: Marion lives / Marion / Marion Alive
- 1943: Kautschuk / Cahuchu, stream of tears (The weeping wood)
- 1943: Hotel Berlin / There was a hotel here
- 1944: Beyond this Journey / flight of fate (German edition Amsterdam 1947)
- 1946: Mortgage on Life / Pfändetes Leben (German first edition 1958)
- 1949: Clarinda
- 1951: Danger from Deer / Before deer is warned (German edition Berlin 1960)
- 1953: Crystal in the clay (The Mustard Seed)
- 1956: Flood and Flame (Written on water)
- 1957: The Golden Shoes (Theme for Ballet)
- 1962: It was all very different (memoir)
- 2013: happiness in the distance. Stories for hollywood. Übers. Gesine Schröder . Edited by Wolfgang Jacobsen , Heike Klapdor. Structure, Berlin 2013
- 2018: macaroni at dusk. Feature sections. Edited and with a foreword by Veronika Hofeneder. Edition Atelier , Vienna 2018
Film adaptations
- 1927: Feme - Director: Richard Oswald , with Hans Stüwe
- 1930: Stud. Chem. Helene Willfüer - Director: Fred Sauer , with Olga Chechowa
- 1932: People in the Hotel (Grand Hotel) based on the novel of the same name - Director: Edmund Goulding , with Greta Garbo
- 1934: Hell in Frauensee (Le Lac Aux Dames) - Director: Marc Allégret , with Simone Simon
- 1936: Hélène - director: Jean Benoît-Lévy - based on the novel "Stud. Chem. Helene Willfüer", with Madeleine Renaud
- 1940: Dance, Girl, Dance - Director: Dorothy Arzner , with Maureen O'Hara
- 1945: Hotel Berlin - Director: Peter Godfrey, with Faye Emerson
- 1945: Weekend im Waldorf (Weekend at the Waldorf) - Director: Robert Z. Leonard , with Ginger Rogers
- 1949: The career of Doris Hart (La belle que voilà) based on the novel of the same name - Director: Jean-Paul Le Chanois, with Michèle Morgan
- 1950: Rendezvous in Paris - director: René Clément - based on the novel “Das Großes 101”, with Michèle Morgan
- 1950: Dreamy Days (L'aiguille rouge) - Director: Emil E. Reinert - based on the novel “Das Joch”, with Aglaja Schmid
- 1955: Ripe on young blossoms (Futures vedettes) - Director: Marc Allégret - based on the novel “Entrance to the Stage”, with Brigitte Bardot
- 1956: Student Helene Willfüer - Director: Rudolf Jugert , with Ruth Niehaus
- 1956: Liebe - directed by Horst Hächler - based on the novel “Before deer is warned”, with Maria Schell
- 1959: People in the Hotel (Grand Hotel) - Director: Gottfried Reinhardt , with Michèle Morgan
- 1982: The big multiplication table / Rendezvous in Paris - Director: Gabi Kubach , with Claude Jade
- 1983: Hell in Frauensee - Director: Wolfgang Panzer , with Brigitte Neumeister
- 1996: Hotel Shanghai - Director: Peter Patzak , with Agnieszka Wagner
literature
- Hugo Thielen : Baum, Vicki In: Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 44; partly online via Google books .
- Speaking of Vicky Baum. With an essay by Katharina von Ankum. New Critique, Frankfurt am Main 1998, ISBN 978-3-8015-0322-2 (= Apropos, Volume 13).
- Walther Killy , Rudolf Vierhaus (ed.): German Biographical Encyclopedia , Volume 1, 2nd Edition, Saur, Munich, Leipzig 2005–2008, p. 333, ISBN 978-3-598-25030-9 .
- Hans-Michael Bock (Ed.): CineGraph. Lexicon for German-language film (loose-leaf collection), cf. CineGraph . Edition Text and Criticism, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-86916-222-5 (with directory of novel filmings).
- Gisela Brinker-Gabler , Karola Ludwig, Angela Wöffen: Lexicon of German-speaking women writers 1800–1945. dtv 3282, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-423-03282-0 , pp. 27–30 (with a list of works, films and references).
- Ursula Krechel : The conductor of the big train station . In: full text. Zeitschrift für Literatur, 1/2015, Vienna 2015, pp. 4–7.
- Sonja Nothegger-Troppmair: The new woman of the 20s using Vicky Baum as an example: literary fiction or concrete life plan. VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, Saarbrücken 2008, ISBN 978-3-8364-5946-4 (also dissertation at the University of Innsbruck 2007).
- Nicole Nottelmann: The careers of Vicki Baum. A biography, 2nd edition, Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2007, ISBN 978-3-462-03766-1 ; Paperback edition: btb, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-442-73901-1 .
- Nicole Nottelmann: Strategies of Success: Narratological Analysis of Exemplary Novels by Vicki Baum. Königshausen and Neumann, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-8260-2305-6 (= Epistemata, series literary studies , volume 405, also dissertation at the University of Dortmund 2001).
- Corinna Heins, Anne Jäger: Women in the List / Vicky Baum, author (1888–1960). In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series Volume 60 (2006), pp. 251-254
- Peter Petersen : The two lives of Vicki Baum. In: mr-Mitteilungen 66, June 2009, pp. 1-6.
- Yvonne Schymura: Vicki Baum. So wonderfully alive . Novel biography. Herder, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-451-06817-1 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Vicki Baum in the catalog of the German National Library
- Works by and about Vicki Baum in the German Digital Library
- Vicki Baum in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Susanne Herzog: Vicki Baum. Tabular curriculum vitae in the LeMO ( DHM and HdG )
- Annotated link collection of the university library of the FU Berlin ( Memento from May 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (Ulrich Goerdten)
- Vicki Baum 1868–1960 ( Memento from May 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) - biography including autograph at cyranos.ch
- Julia Bertschik: Portrait of Vicki Baum at litkult1920er.aau.at , a project of the University of Klagenfurt
- Vicki Baum - biography, literature and sources at FemBio - Institute for Women's Biography Research
- Vicki Baum in the archive of the Austrian Media Library
- Vicki Baum Archive in the Archive of the Academy of Arts, Berlin
- Vicki Baum in the Austria Forum
- Works by Vicki Baum in the Gutenberg-DE project
Individual evidence
- ↑ Memorial plaque for Vicki Baum. berlin.de
- ^ Virginia L. Clark: Wolfgang Lert dies, leaves TSV, national legacy. Retrieved November 13, 2019 .
- ↑ yourdressage: YourDressage.org American Dressage Legends: Peter Lert. May 2, 2019, Retrieved November 13, 2019 (American English).
- ^ Corinna Heins, Anne Jäger: Women in the List / ... Vicky Baum, author (1888–1960) , In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series, Vol. 60 (2006), pp. 251–254; here: p. 252
- ↑ Interview with the Jewish Times , May 1, 1931. Quoted from H. Broder : Jüdischer Kalender 2009–2010 . August 30th / 20th Elul
- ↑ Quoted in Stefanie Steinaecker: A little lower than the Angels - Vicki Baum and Gina Kaus: Writing between adaptation and claim . University of Bamberg Press, Bamberg 2011. p. 40. Also as an online text.
- ↑ Werner Röder u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933 , Munich 1983, vol. 1 ( German Biographical Archive (DBA) part: 2, file number: 0077).
- ^ Concord: Deutsch: 1461 Amalfi Drive Pacific Palisades, former home of Vicki Baum. November 11, 2014, accessed November 13, 2019 .
- ↑ Macaroni in the twilight. Features information on publication on the publisher's website
- ↑ [1]
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Tree, Vicki |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Baum, Vicky; Baum, Hedwig (real name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian harpist and writer |
DATE OF BIRTH | January 24, 1888 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna , Austria-Hungary |
DATE OF DEATH | August 29, 1960 |
Place of death | Los Angeles , California , United States |