Brigitte Bardot
Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot [ briˌʒit bɑrˈdo ] (born September 28, 1934 in Paris ), often abbreviated as BB , is a French film actress and singer, as well as a model and sex symbol . After her film career in the 1950s and 1960s, she also became known as an animal welfare activist and a prominent sympathizer of the French right , which, however, has now distanced itself from any political party and states that political preferences (at times also for the socialist party) always in the sense of animal welfare, of her great life theme, to have expressed.
Life and meaning
Bardot's parents were Anne-Marie “Toti” Mucel (1912–1978) and Louis “Pilou” Bardot (1896–1975), an industrialist from Lorraine . Her sister Mijanou Bardot was also an actress. During the Second World War , the Catholic family moved into an apartment on Rue de la Pompe in the affluent 16th arrondissement of Paris .
Bardot began training in classical ballet in 1947. At the age of 15 she was discovered as a photo model. Her natural hair color is brunette , but she should quickly become one of the most famous blondes in media history. In a very short time she was one of the most popular mannequins in Paris. The director Marc Allégret noticed her sensual beauty paired with girlish innocence . With Allégret's collaborator Roger Vadim , who later appeared as a director, Bardot began a love affair; they married on December 21, 1952. Bardot became Vadim's favorite actress; he gave her career significant impetus.
After divorcing Vadim in 1957, Brigitte Bardot married the actor Jacques Charrier in 1959 . In 1960 their son Nicolas-Jacques Charrier was born, who grew up with his father and grandparents and now lives in Norway . In 1963 the couple divorced. From 1966 to 1969, Bardot was married to Gunter Sachs , known as Playboy .
Bardot led a glamorous jet set life until the end of her film career , especially on the Côte d'Azur , to whose international fame she contributed.
On the occasion of Bardot's 80th birthday in 2014 , the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung describes the fact that it was not only a sex symbol, but also drove the change in the role of women in an even more prudish, family-oriented era in the context of a character characterized by emotionality and individualism:
“With films like ' The Truth ', ' The Contempt ' and ' Viva Maria! 'BB didn't just write film history. With her sensuality, self-determined femininity and eroticism, she paved the way for the sexual revolution. She created a new image of women. Female beauty was allowed to be sexy and confident. Unashamedly, she revealed her dream body to the greedy lenses of the photographers. She made no secret of their affairs. While her husband Vadim was filming 'And always lures the woman' with her, she started a relationship with film partner Jean-Louis Trintignant […]. 'I loved a lot and passionately. It's in my nature, 'said BB in an interview [...]. "
The philosopher and women's rights activist Simone de Beauvoir described Bardot as the locomotive of feminism as early as 1959 because of her love of freedom and modernity, and the novel, theater and screenwriter Marguerite Duras adored her as “la Reine Bardot” (echoing another untamed woman of the French History, which Reine Margot is known in particular through the work of Alexandre Dumas the Elder to the present day .)
Brigitte Bardot was one of the most photographed women in the world in the 1950s and 60s. It contributed significantly to the popularization of the bikini , lasciviously tousled Beehive hairstyles and clothing fabrics with Vichy checks ; she was a style icon of her time.
In 1968, as a token of recognition of her services to France, she was allowed to model the bust of Marianne , which adorns all town halls of the country as a symbol of the French republic and is depicted on postage stamps of the French post office.
Today she lives withdrawn and occasionally speaks up on animal welfare issues, which she tries to raise awareness through her fame. Since 1992 she has been married to the industrialist Bernard d'Ormale , whose sympathies for positions in the Front National she shared openly at times. Her often impulsive remarks about ritual slaughter and the immigration policy of France brought her several fines for sedition.
Film and chanson career
In 1952 Brigitte Bardot directed her first feature film Le Trou Normand, directed by Jean Boyer . In it she plays Javotte, a young girl who is used by his mother to prevent the property of her late lover, the Trou Normand country inn, from falling to his son. Javotte is supposed to turn the son's head so that he neglects his education, the completion of which, according to the will, is the prerequisite for taking on the paternal inheritance. The villagers, including the teacher and his daughter, who is also a teacher, support the young man to thwart the evil plan of Javotte's aunt. Already here Bardot plays the frivolous young girl who gets involved in intrigue for pleasure and without a guilty conscience. In the end, however, morals prevail: the young man falls in love with the good girl, the teacher's daughter, and order is restored in the village.
Bardot's first film, which received a lot of attention abroad, was also Roger Vadim's debut as a director in 1956 , And always attracts women , in which the young woman portrayed by Bardot has to choose between three men who are fascinated by their revealing, impetuous manner. The film also became a huge success in America as it questions the limits of what was then allowed in the representation of eroticism. Most of the copies of the film were shortened by several scenes in order to meet the requirements of the censors. Nevertheless, Bardot achieved the international breakthrough with And Always Lures Women . At her side were Curd Jürgens , who had already matured into a big screen star, and Jean-Louis Trintignant , who like Bardot was at the beginning of his acting career.
In the 1960s, the Truth (1960), The Contempt (1963) and Viva Maria (1965) further great successes for her.
In particular, The Contempt, based on the novel of the same name by Alberto Moravia and directed by Jean-Luc Godard, is now considered a masterpiece. The marriage of the screenwriter Paul (portrayed by the young Michel Piccoli ) falls apart while he is working on a film about Odysseus' wanderings . His wife Camille (Bardot) thinks he wants to hand her over to the producer in order to secure his own position. The scene that was subsequently filmed and supplemented for commercial reasons, in which the completely bare Bardot lies on her stomach on the bed and Piccoli asks questions about the beauty of her body, is probably the most impressive of the whole film. Camille's questions, which gradually touch almost all parts of her body, seem to be directed not only to husband Paul, but also to the producers of the Odysseus film (played by Jack Palance ) and the producers of Contempt , all of them men who exploiting the female body for their own ends. Although the film was only moderately successful commercially, its importance is shown by the fact that a selection of the still images were used for the official poster of the Cannes International Film Festival in 2016. In the key scene mentioned, Bardot does not play the unscrupulous siren that she often embodied, but rather reflects the image of the seductive woman who is getting cracked; she is also the victim of men - and of the male gaze of the media industry.
In addition to film work, Brigitte Bardot was also active as a singer of partly romantic, partly cheeky chansons , which were tailored to her provocative nature. Most famous is Harley Davidson (1967), penned by Serge Gainsbourg ; In the film clip for this song, Bardot mounts the sung macho motorcycle in an ultra-short leather skirt and thigh-length boots. Initially, Gainsbourg's Je t'aime… moi non plus should also appear with her, but for private reasons she withdrew her consent to the publication of the already finished recording, so that the title was released in 1969 in a new recording with Jane Birkin . The version with Bardot wasn't published until 1986.
During her first stay in Rio de Janeiro , Brigitte Bardot got to know the Brazilian fishing village of Búzios in 1964 while fleeing from intrusive photographers and journalists . She came back there several times for longer stays. Privatleben (1962) already took up some aspects, especially the disadvantages of her great fame, which she tried to forget in real life in places like Búzios. In the film, on the other hand, an unintentional, but apparently happily experienced, fall to death redeems the female character Jill played by Bardot.
1973 Brigitte Bardot ended her acting career. She has not made a feature film since then, and no further music recordings have followed.
In 1982, the French journalist Allain Bougrain-Dubourg portrayed Bardot and her life in the three-part television documentary Brigitte Bardot - As She Is .
Commitment to animal welfare
As early as January 1962, long before the environmental and animal protection movements awoke in France and other western countries, Bardot said in a television interview that she devoted entirely to this topic that slaughter methods in France should be modernized. Instead of cutting the throat of the live cattle, the captive bolt stunning method, which was already widespread in England and Denmark, should be made mandatory. Bardot was then invited by the competent minister of the French government to explain the new slaughtering method to him, and in April 1964 the government passed a law which prescribed the use of the new method.
In 1968, the French-speaking writer Marguerite Yourcenar, who lives in the US state of Maine, wrote a letter to Bardot through which she was able to win her over to campaigns against the seal hunt in Canada . In particular, Bardot denounced the extent and methods of the seal hunt; To set an example, she once publicly burned furs at a demonstration in Paris. In 1977, French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing banned the import of seal skins into France. Bardot was also received by all later presidents.
In the 1970s she auctioned part of her private property and with the profit she established her foundation “for the rescue of animals all over the world”, as the statute says. Today (as of 2019) the international organization has an annual budget of around 15 million euros, 80 percent of which, according to the French television station France 3, comes from donations and inheritances, and has 110 permanent employees. With the help of the foundation, Bardot runs several farms in France and other countries to care for abused animals.
Bardot is also an active supporter of the environmental protection organization Sea Shepherd , which named a ship after her in 2011 , and also speaks out in the media with petitions and public letters on animal welfare issues.
Proximity to the French right and other parties
Since the 1990s Bardot was assigned to the environment of the Front National . Her husband, Bernard d'Ormale, is a member of the party. Again and again Bardot publicly complained about the "foreign infiltration" of their country. In 1998, for example, in the right-wing extremist monthly Nation und Europa , she stated that she felt “a stranger in her own country”.
In 2003 Bardot published the book Un cri dans le silence (German: A call from the silence ). In it she warns of the Islamization of France and criticizes modern art, the effeminacy of men, the meals eaten hastily nowadays ( fast food culture) and the associated deterioration in the diet of the French. According to your French publisher, Un cri dans le silence was the most successful French book of 2004. The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung wrote about the content: “You recognize the language of populism - and you endure the all-round blow for long stretches because you never end up with it ruining, charming, witty cheekiness of the French chanson . ”The movement against racism and for friendship among nations MRAP, on the other hand, described the book as an“ avalanche of dirt and hatred ”.
Brigitte Bardot was tried several times on charges of incitement to racial hatred . In 1997, she was acquitted in a case involving a controversial article in the daily Le Figaro . She was sentenced to fines of 9,000 DM, 5,000 euros and 15,000 euros for comments on Islamic shafts .
Bardot recently said that she never wanted to be associated with any political association or party again. You have always voted for those forces who have promised to advance the cause of animal welfare. Before Marine Le Pen , who announced in 2013 that she would ban ritual slaughter after her election as president, she had already supported the conservatives Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and Jacques Chirac and the socialist Lionel Jospin . "That she is now [nevertheless] often perceived as a wicked witch or an evil racist, abroad more than at home in France, it is her own fault," says Der Spiegel , "[...] as radical as she is [after 1970] turned away from glamor and fame, so radically, even extremist, she has devoted herself to the purpose she later found in life. ”She did in an awkward manner - in her own uncompromising thinking and talking, regardless of the topic - from chopping up Islam and immigrants in general draw conclusions, but this does not make them the “right figurehead”.
Filmography
- 1952: Le trou normand - Director: Jean Boyer
- 1952: Summer nights with Manina (Manina, la fille sans voile) - Director: Willy Rozier
- 1953: Le portrait de son père - Director: André Berthomieu
- 1953: An act of love (Un acte d'amour) - directed by Anatole Litvak
- 1954: Versailles - Kings and Women (Si Versailles m'était conté) - Director: Sacha Guitry
- 1954: Treason (Tradita) - Director: Mario Bonnard
- 1954: Dark red star of Venus (Le fils de Caroline Chérie) - Director: Jean Devaivre
- 1955: Haunted by sensations (Les dents longues) - Director: Daniel Gélin
- 1955: Ripe on young flowers (Futures vedettes) - Director: Marc Allégret
- 1955: Doctor Ahoy! (Doctor at Sea) - Director: Ralph L. Thomas
- 1955: The great maneuver (Les grandes manœuvres) - Director: René Clair
- 1955: Greed for love (La lumière d'en face) - directed by Georges Lacombe
- 1956: The beautiful Helena (Helen of Troy) - Director: Robert Wise
- 1956: Paris Air (Cette sacrée gamine) - Director: Michel Boisrond
- 1956: Nero's Great Nights (Mio figlio Nerone) - Director: Stefano Vanzina
- 1956: The daisy is peeled off (En effeuillant la Marguerite) - Director: Marc Allégret
- 1956: The bride is way too beautiful (La mariée est trop belle) - Director: Pierre Gaspard-Huit
- 1956: … and women always beckon (Et Dieu créa la femme) - Director: Roger Vadim
- 1957: The Parisian Woman (Une Parisienne) - Director: Michel Boisrond
- 1958: It's always night in their eyes (Les bijoutiers du clair de lune) - Director: Roger Vadim
- 1958: With a woman's arms (En cas de malheur) - Director: Claude Autant-Lara
- 1959: A woman like Satan (La femme et le pantin) - Director: Julien Duvivier
- 1959: Babette goes to war (Babette s'en va-t-en guerre) - Director: Christian-Jaque
- 1959: Do you want to dance with me? (Voulez-vous danser avec moi?) - Director: Michel Boisrond
- 1960: The Truth (La vérité) - Director: Henri-Georges Clouzot
- 1961: Trained to be free (La bride sur le cou) - Director: Roger Vadim
- 1961: Galant love stories (Les amours célèbres) - Director: Michel Boisrond (episode "Agnès Bernauer")
- 1962: Private Life (Vie privée) - Directed by Louis Malle
- 1962: The Pillow of Rest (Le repos du guerrier) - Director: Roger Vadim
- 1963: The Contempt (Le mépris) - Director: Jean-Luc Godard
- 1964: The Seductress (Une ravissante idiote) - Director: Édouard Molinaro
- 1965: Viva Maria! - Directed by Louis Malle
- 1967: Two weeks in September (À cœur joie) - Director: Serge Bourguignon
- 1968: Extraordinary Stories (Histoires extraordinaires) - Director: Louis Malle (episode "William Wilson")
- 1968: Shalako - Director: Edward Dmytryk
- 1969: Oh, these women (Les femmes) - Director: Jean Aurel
- 1970: The Bear and the Doll (L'ours et la poupée) - Director: Michel Deville
- 1970: The Novices (Les novices) - Directed by Guy Casaril
- 1971: Rum-Boulevard (Boulevard du Rhum) - Director: Robert Enrico
- 1971: Petroleummiezen (Les pétroleuses) - Director: Christian-Jaque
- 1973: Don Juan 73 (Don Juan ou si Don Juan était une femme ...) - Director: Roger Vadim
- 1973: L'histoire très bonne et très joyeuse de Colinot Trousse-Chemise - Director: Nina Companéez
Well-known chansons
- Ah! Les petites femmes de Paris ("The pretty women of Paris") - with Jeanne Moreau , from the film Viva Maria!
- Ay que viva la sangria ("Long live the sangria!")
- Bonnie and Clyde
- Bubble gum ("Bubbelgum")
- C'est rigolo ("It's funny")
- Ce n'est pas vrai ("It is not true")
- Comic strip ("Comicheft") - with Serge Gainsbourg
- Danser ("dancing")
- Écoute le temps
- Faite pour dormir ("As if made for sleeping")
- Flamenco - with Manuel de Plata
- Go west
- Harley Davidson ("I don't need anyone but Harley Davidson")
- Je t'aime… moi non plus (“I love you… neither do I”) - with Serge Gainsbourg
- Je reviens vers toi ("I'll come back to you")
- L'appareil à sous ("The Music Box")
- La bise aux hippies ("kisses for the hippies")
- La fille de paille ("The Straw Girl")
- La Madrague ("The Madrague")
- Le soleil ("The Sun")
- Le soleil de ma vie (“You are the sun of my life”) - with Sacha Distel
- Les amis de la musique ("The Music Friends")
- Maria ninguém ("Maria l'Amour")
- Moi, je joue ("I play")
- Noir et blanc ("black and white")
- Nue au soleil ("Naked in the sun")
- Stanislas - with Les Frères Jacques
- Tu veux ou tu veux pas? ("Do you want to or not?")
- Un jour comme un autre ("One day like the other")
- Une histoire de plage ("A Beach Story")
- Contact ("My love returns to the galaxy")
Awards
- 1967: Bambi
- 1985: Legion of Honor
- 1989: Golden Ark Award
Literature (selection)
By Brigitte Bardot
- Brigitte Bardot, Daniel Dollfus: The little seal . Lentz, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-88010-051-9 .
- Brigitte Bardot: BB Memoirs . Lübbe, Bergisch Gladbach 1996, ISBN 3-7857-0798-3 .
- Brigitte Bardot: Le Carré de Pluton. Mémoires. T. 2. B. Grasset. Paris 1999.
- Brigitte Bardot: A call from the silence. Recall and rebellion . Langen Müller, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-7844-2946-7 .
- Brigitte Bardot: Pourquoi? Rocher, Monaco 2006.
- Brigitte Bardot, Henry-Jean Servat: My private life . Interview with Henry-Jean Servat. LangenMüller, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-7844-3087-4 .
- Brigitte Bardot: Par amour… et c'est tout! Emmanuel Bonini, Alphée 2009.
- Brigitte Bardot: tears of struggle. Autobiography. Nagel & Kimche, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-312-01108-7 .
About Brigitte Bardot
- Simone de Beauvoir : Brigitte Bardot and the Lolita Syndrome . Arno Press, 1960, 52 pages, ISBN 978-0-405-03912-6 .
- Françoise Sagan , Ghislain Dussart: Brigitte Bardot racontée par Francoise Sagan, vue par Ghislain Dussart . Éditions Flammarion, 1975, ISBN 978-2-08-010747-3 , new edition 1992, 122 pages, ISBN 2-08-010747-X .
- René Barjavel : Brigitte Bardot, amie des animaux . Editions Fernand Nathan, 1976.
- Brigitte Tast, Hans-Jürgen Tast (Ed.): Brigitte Bardot. Films 1953–1961. Beginnings of the BB Kulleraugen myth , Hildesheim 1982, ISBN 3-88842-109-8 .
-
Raymond Boyer : And women always beckon ... Brigitte Bardot. Photographed by Sam Levin . (Licensed edition by the Love Me Tender publishing house , Paris, translated by Jossette Cagli)
PPV-Verlag, Zurich 1984, without ISBN. - Henri de Stadelhofen: Brigitte Bardot. Official biography . 20 illustrations. Carussell communications, 1986, ISBN 3-922594-18-2 .
- Bernard de Eckardt: Brigitte Bardot. Your films - your life . Heyne, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-453-86050-0 .
- Alice Schwarzer : Brigitte Bardot, actress in: Alice Schwarzer portrays role models and idols. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2003, ISBN 978-3-462-03341-0 , pp. 140-147. (First published in Die Zeit , October 4, 1996)
- Nathalie Hillmanns: Simone de Beauvoir / Brigitte Bardot . Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-596-14734-4 .
- Catherine Rihoit: Brigitte Bardot - un mythe français . Editions Olivier Orban, 2003.
- Julia Encke : Adieu, BB - An obituary during your lifetime . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , June 19, 2004
- Katja Nicodemus : My myth, what is it? In: Die Zeit , February 9, 2006
- Christian Dureau: Brigitte Bardot. Et le Cinéma créa sa star . Carpentier, Paris 2008.
- Dominique Choulant: Brigitte Bardot: le Mythe éternel . Autres Temps Editions, 2009.
- Eddy Matalon, François Reichenbach, Brigitte Bardot, Serge Gainsbourg, Sacha Distel, Claude Brasseur: Brigitte Bardot, the indomitable . 2010.
- Alain Delon : Les femmes de ma vie . With the assistance of Philippe Barbier. D. Carpentier, Paris 2011.
- Marc de Raemy, Brigitte Bardot, Léonard de Raemy: Brigitte Bardot. Vue by Léonard de Raemy . Carpentier, Paris 2011.
- Alain Wodrascka, François Bagnaud: Bardot l'indomptable . Hugo, Paris 2011.
- David Teboul: BB, a declaration of love , French documentary, 2013
Web links
- Literature by and about Brigitte Bardot in the catalog of the German National Library
- Brigitte Bardot in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Brigitte Bardot. In: FemBio. Women's biography research (with references and citations).
- Pictures by Brigitte Bardot In: Virtual History
- Brigitte Bardot Foundation
Individual evidence
- ↑ Barnett Singer: Brigitte Bardot: A Biography . McFarland & Co., 2006, ISBN 0-7864-2515-6 , p. 9
- ↑ Anne Verlahac: blondes , ISBN 978-3-89904-337-2 .
- ↑ Ernst Probst: "BB" - The sex symbol of the 1950s , Grin-Verlag, p. 10
- ↑ And always provokes women , in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, September 28, 2014.
- ↑ And the woman always provokes: Brigitte Bardot is 80. Retrieved on August 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Der Spiegel 11/2018.
- ↑ TV program . In: Der Spiegel . No. 16 , 1984 ( online ).
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5w7XvRVEbeY
- ↑ Richard Leakey : Wildlife - A Life for the Elephants . S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2002, ISBN 3-10-043208-8 , p. 13.
- ↑ Der Spiegel 11/2018.
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5w7XvRVEbeY
- ↑ open PR (PDF; 501 kB)
- ↑ Interview with Brigitte Bardot: "I feel like a stranger in my own country". In: Nation und Europa , Issue 7, 1998, pp. 56 and 57
- ^ Langen Müller, ISBN 978-3-784-42946-5 . Un cri dans le silence : ISBN 978-2-2680-4725-6
- ↑ Lorenz Jäger, in: FAZ , March 24, 2004
- ^ Words of abuse from the most beautiful . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , March 23, 2004 (accessed December 9, 2011)
- ↑ Brigitte Bardot in court . In: Der Spiegel , May 6, 2005 (accessed December 9, 2011)
- ↑ Brigitte Bardot's acquittal . In: Berliner Zeitung , January 24, 1997 (accessed December 9, 2011)
- ↑ Bardot fined for 'race hate' book , BBC News. June 10, 2004. Retrieved June 3, 2008.
- ↑ " Brigitte Bardot: Convicted of inciting racial hatred " , FOCUS, June 3, 2008
- ↑ Der Spiegel 11/2018.
- ↑ [sic] - published in 1966, 1986.
- ↑ The title is reminiscent of the name of Bardot's property in Saint Tropez ("On the deserted beach, mussels and crustaceans ...") .
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Bardot, Brigitte |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bardot, Brigitte Anne-Marie (maiden name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | french actress |
DATE OF BIRTH | September 28, 1934 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |