Malaysia Airlines

Malaysia Airlines (MAS)
Penerbangan Malaysia

File:MalaysiaAirlinesLogo New.jpg
IATA ICAO Callsign MH MAS MALAYSIAN
Founded	1947 (as Malayan Airways)
Hubs	Kuala Lumpur International Airport
Secondary hubs	Kota Kinabalu International Airport Kuching International Airport
Frequent-flyer program	Enrich by Malaysia Airlines Grads
Subsidiaries	Firefly MASwings MASkargo
Fleet size	103 includes Firefly, MASwings and MASkargo.
Destinations	112
Parent company	Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad
Headquarters	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Key people	Idris Jala (Managing Director & CEO)
Website	www.malaysiaairlines.com

Malaysia Airlines (Abbreviated: MAS, Malay: Penerbangan Malaysia) is the national airline of Malaysia, operating scheduled services to over 100 destinations worldwide. It also operates domestic network and charter services. Its main base is Kuala Lumpur International Airport, while Kota Kinabalu International Airport, Penang International Airport and Kuching International Airport serve as regional hubs.

It is one of only six airlines in the world to have been awarded a 5-star rating by Skytrax besides Asiana Airlines, Cathay Pacific, Qatar Airways, Singapore Airlines and Kingfisher Airlines. Malaysia Airlines is accredited by IATA with IATA Operational Safety Audit for its operational safety practices.

History

On 12 October, 1937, the Liverpool-based Singaporean Steamshipping Company and Imperial Airways proposed to the colonial governments in Penang and Singapore to establish a scheduled flight service between the two cities. Malayan Airways Limited (MAL) was founded but the first paying passengers could be welcomed onboard a plane only 10 years later on the 2nd February 1947. This inaugural flight with only five passengers was bound for Kuala Lumpur instead of Penang. In the same year, MAL expanded its network to Jakarta, Medan, Palembang and Saigon, still operating from its main hub Singapore.

In 1957, the airline turned into a state-run stock corporation. With the delivery of an 84-seat Bristol Britannia in 1960, the airline could launch its first long-haul international flight, to Hong Kong.

After the formation of Malaysia the name was changed to Malaysian Airways Limited in November 1963. Following the separation of Singapore from the Federation of Malaysia on 9 August 1965, the Singapore and Malaysia governments took over majority control from BOAC and other shareholders and the airline was renamed Malaysia-Singapore Airlines.

20 years after its first flight the airline operated a fleet comprising Comet IV jets, six Fokker F27, eight Douglas DC-3and two Twin Pioneers and employed more than 2400 people. On 3 April 1971 the airline was split into two companies, Singapore Airlines and Malaysian Airline System (MAS). In 1972 MAS operated flights to more than 34 regional destinations and six international services.

On 15 October 1987, the trading name was changed to Malaysia Airlines.

Boeing 747-400

Corporate Information

Malaysia Airlines is listed on the stock exchange of Bursa Malaysia under the name Malaysian Airline System Berhad (MYX: 3786). The airline had suffered high losses over the years due to poor management and fuel price increases. As a result of a financial restructuring (Widespread Asset Unbundling) in 2002, led by BinaFikir, Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad becase its parent company, in exchange for assuming the airline's long-term liabilities. On the operational side, the Government of Malaysia appointed Idris Jala as the new CEO on 1 December 2005 to execute changes in operations and corporate culture. Under his leadership, Malaysia Airlines unveiled its Business Turnaround Plan (BTP) in February 2006 which highlighted low yield, an inefficient network and low productivity (overstaffing). The airline headquarters building in downtown Kuala Lumpur has been sold. The new corporate headquarters is now at Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport in Subang, Petaling.

The airline is owned by Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad (PMB) (69.34%), Employees Provident Fund Board (10.72%), Amanah Raya Nominees (Tempatan) Sdn Bhd (5.69%), State Financial Secretary Sarawak (2.71%) and Warisan Harta Sabah (2.4%). It has 19,546 employees (at March 2007).

Subsidiaries

Malaysia Airlines has over 20 subsidiaries and associates including:

Malaysia Airlines Cargo Sdn. Bhd.

MASkargo

Main article: Malaysia Airlines Kargo

Malaysia Airlines Cargo Sdn. Bhd. is a cargo division of Malaysia Airlines and commercially known as MASkargo. It is a cargo carrier based in Advanced Cargo Center in KL International Airport.

MAS Aerotechnologies Sdn. Bhd.

MAS Aerotechnologies Sdn. Bhd. or also known as MAS Aerospace Engineering is an engineering and maintenance division of Malaysia Airlines also known as Malaysian Airlines' Engineering and Maintenance Division. Malaysian Airlines' Engineering and Maintenance Division offers aircraft maintenance, calibration services, engineering & maintenance training and engineering & maintenance support to airline customers, including KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Garuda Indonesia and Royal Brunei Airlines.

MAS Academy Sdn. Bhd.

MAS Academy Sdn. Bhd. is a training facility for employees of Malaysia Airlines. The Academy also provides training for other organisations in airline operations and other related sectors.

MAS Golden Holidays Sdn. Bhd.

File:MalaysiaAirlinesLogo GoldenHolidaysNew.jpg

Golden Holidays

MAS Golden Holidays Sdn. Bhd. is a division of Malaysia Airlines. Known as Golden Holidays, the division is responsible for marketing and selling Malaysia Airlines holiday packages and tours.

Firefly

File:Firefly logo.png

Firefly

Main article: Firefly (airline)

Firefly is a low cost airline which is a subsidiary of Malaysia Airlines but to be managed by Flyfirefly Sdn. Bhd. The airline flies two daily services out of Penang International Airport to Kota Bahru, Langkawi, Kuantan, Kuala Terengganu and Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport in Subang Jaya plus daily services to Phuket and Koh Samui in southern Thailand.

MASwings

Main article: MASwings

MASwings is a newly formed subsidiary of Malaysia Airlines. The airline has taken over the rural air services in Sabah and Sarawak from FlyAsianXpress. MASwings has plans to purchase 10 ATR 72-500 aircraft to replace its 9 Fokker 50. They will also replace the current fleet of DHC-6-300 Twin Otters with the newer "Series 400" model.

Corporate image

File:MalaysiaAirlinesLogo 1947.jpg

Female uniform - Sarong Kebaya

The design of the Sarong Kebaya was introduced on 1 March 1986. It was designed by the School of Fashion at Mara Institute of Technology (Malay: Institut Teknologi Mara) and later known as Mara University of Technology (Malay: Universiti Teknologi Mara). The batik material depicts the kelarai motif which is a bamboo weave pattern. It appears in the background in subdued hues of the basic uniform colour. Superimposed on the kelarai motif is a mixture of Malaysian flora such as the cempaka, jasmine and the leaves of the hibiscus. The geometric Sarawakian motif is used for the lapels of the baju, edges of sleeves and the sarong.

On 1 January 1993, the colors of the batik were enhanced to complement the color of the male cabin crew's new uniform.

Color Code

• Sarong Kebaya with yellow flowers are for the Inflight Supervisors.
• Sarong Kebaya with pink flowers are for the Chief Stewardesses, Leading Stewardesses and Flight Stewardesses.
• Sarong Kebaya with magenta flowers are for the ground frontliners.

Male uniform - Classic Jackets

Male cabin crews are required to wear the classic jacket whenever they are outside or inside the aircraft. The male uniforms are color-coded.

Color Code

• Dark shade Ottanio color jackets are for Inflight Supervisors, Chief Stewards, Leading Stewards and Flight Stewards.
• Light shade Ottanio color jackets are for male ground frontliners.

Corporate logo

Winged Tiger

The history of the airline started in 1937 when Malayan Airways Limited was registered as a company. Flying operations started in 1947, with the aircraft bearing the symbol of a Winged Tiger. In 1963, the airline was renamed Malaysian Airways Limited when the Federation of Malaysia was formed. Subsequently, Borneo Airways Limited was absorbed by Malaysian Airways Limited.

MSA

In 1965, with the political separation of Singapore from Malaysia, there was continued participation by the governments of Malaysia and Singapore in the airline. In 1967 the company changed its name to Malaysia-Singapore Airline Limited (MSA), which was the joint national air carrier for both countries, and a new logo was introduced.

Moon Kite

File:MalaysiaAirlinesLogo 1971.jpg 1971-1987: The original moon kite

File:MalaysiaAirlinesLogo New.jpg since 1987

In 1971, Malaysia-Singapore Airline Limited was separated into two airlines, each with its own policies and objectives, leading to the birth of Malaysia's flag carrier, Malaysian Airline System (MAS) on 3 April 1971. The name was chosen because, in abbreviated form, MAS(as in EMAS) in Malay means gold, to symbolize quality service.

Current logo (since 1987)

A new corporate logo designed by Mara Institute of Technology (Malay: Institut Teknologi Mara) later known as Mara University of Technology (Malay: Universiti Teknologi Mara) was introduced on 15 October 1987, retaining the essence of the moon kite, with a sheared swept-back look.

Along with the new corporate logo, a new type style - MALAYSIA, was created. . It is italicized to slant parallel with the logo to accentuate speed as well as direction. Within this corporate typestyle, the alphabets MAS bear red clippings to denote initials of the statutory name of the airline, Malaysian Airline System (MAS) were added after the original design was rejected by former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir. The introduction of blue to the original red logo has national significance. The red and blue divides equally in the mid-spine to denote equilibrium.

Destinations

Main article: Malaysia Airlines destinations

Under the Business Turnaround Plan (BTP), Malaysia Airlines began restructuring. The plan is based on the hub-and-spoke approach and the new Domestic Rationalism Policy announced by the Government. This resulted in Malaysia Airlines’ domestic routes being restructured from 118 to 22 routes and international routes from 114 to 90. The domestic restructuring plan began in August 2006, whilst the restructuring of the international sector is being phased. Phase one - rerouted flights via KL International Airport as the primary hub and phase two, which required routes to be axed if found unprofitable.

Boeing 747-400 in special colours

File:Masblue.jpg

Boeing 777-200ERin Heliconia livery

The plan is not just to reduce the airline flights but also to improve connectivity and frequency on targeted routes. Previously, Malaysia Airlines only operated 2 daily waves of flight arrivals and departures, but from August 2006, the airline operated 4 waves of flight per day. The airline also launched new flight schedules effective August 2006 to ensure better connectivity.

International

As of August 2006, Malaysia Airlines flies to 58 destinations worldwide plus 16 destinations within Malaysia. In cooperation with codeshare partner airlines, the airline serves a further 23 destinations worldwide. It was the first airline in Southeast Asia to fly to South Africa following the demise of apartheid and the only airline in Southeast Asia that serves South America via its services to Buenos Aires, Argentina. In 2006, it suspended its routes to Manchester, Vienna, Fukuoka, Chengdu, Nagoya, Xi'an, Cairo, Kolkata, Ahmedabad and Zurich under its Business Turnaround Plan. Beginning 2008, the airline operated new destinations with Macau and Yogyakarta being the latest edition to its list of destinations. The airline may even reinstate routes that used to be served.

Domestic

The implementation of Domestic Rationalism Policy in August 2006, saw Malaysia Airlines lose its non-trunk domestic routes and it will operate only 19 trunk routes within Malaysia. The national carrier operates 7 trunk routes between KL International Airport (KLIA) and Peninsular Malaysia cities, 6 trunk routes between KLIA and Sabah/Sarawak, and 6 trunk routes within Sabah and Sarawak. However, in July 2006, Malaysia Airlines will fly to 3 additional non-trunk routes increasing its domestic routes to 22.

A domestic route map of direct flights operated by Malaysia Airlines as of February 10, 2008.

Rural Air Services

From its creation, up until 31 July 2006, Malaysia Airlines provided air links between remote areas of East Malaysia and its urban centers through Rural Air Services (RAS). Using the 19-seater Twin Otter aircraft, Malaysia Airlines provided services to the airstrips in Bakalalan, Bario, Belaga, Kudat, Lawas, Limbang, Mukah, Long Akah, Long Banga, Long Lelang, Long Seridan, Marudi, Mulu and Tomanggong. The loss making RAS was inherited by Malaysia Airlines through the creation of Malaysian Airline System (MAS), from 1971 until 2006. The service is now operated by MASWings, a newly formed subsidiary wholly owned by Malaysia Airlines, which previously operated by FlyAsianXpress

Fleet

Main article: Malaysia Airlines Fleet

Passenger

The Malaysia Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft as of December 2007:

Malaysia Airlines Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Passengers (First/Golden Club/Economy)	Routes	Notes
ATR 72	(20 orders)	?	Domestic , International short haul	10 to firefly,10 to MAS Wings
Airbus A330-200	3	224 (0/42/182	International short-medium haul	All with PTV (no AVOD), leased
Airbus A330-300	11	294 (0/44/250) 302 (0/42/260)	International short-medium haul	All had been fitted with Portable Media Player
Airbus A380-800	(6 orders)		International long haul	Entry into service: 2008
Boeing 737-400	37	140 (12/0/128)	Domestic/Regional short haul	Exit from service: 2014
Boeing 747-400	11	359 (12/41/306) 384 (18/50/316)	International medium-long haul	All with AVOD
Boeing 777-200ER	17	282 (0/35/247)	International medium-long haul	All With AVOD,

Cargo

Malaysia Airlines Cargo Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Cargo Capacity (kg)	Notes
Boeing 747-200F	4	100,000kg
Boeing 747-400F	2	120,000kg

Notes

-RNSD aircraft is a refurbished aircraft with brand new cabin features.

-As of November 2007, the average age of Malaysia Airlines' fleet was 11.2 years

The airline flies Boeing 747-400, Boeing 777-200ER and Airbus A330-300 aircraft mainly for medium to long haul international routes, while the Boeing 737-400 & even Airbus A330-300 is often used for shorter international and domestic flights departed from KL International Airport, Kota Kinabalu International Airport, Penang International Airport and Kuching International Airport.

Fleet Expansions

File:Ab380MH.jpg

Airbus A380 MSN001 with Malaysia Airlines stickers

• On April 26, 2007, MAS has put a proposal to Boeing and Airbus for up to 55 aircraft to replace the 737-400s and has shown interest in purchasing 50 wide-bodied aircraft for its long haul service, rumored to be the Boeing 747-8, Airbus A350 or the Boeing 787.

• On April 28, 2007, Idris Jala announced that they are looking at options regarding the future of their A380 order. They are:

• a compensation payment for the delay in delivery of the superjumbos,
• cancelling the order

They have yet to decide on the matter. However, MAS parent company Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad is still in talks with Airbus parent company EADS for the A380 delay & delivery date.

Historic

List of aircraft that Malaysia Airlines and its predecessor companies have flown in the past.

Malaysia Airlines Retired Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Exit From Service	Notes
Airbus A300	6	July 1995
Airbus A310	1	October 1990
Airbus A330-200	2	October 2007
Airbus A330-300	2		(11 still in service)
Airspeed Consul	?	n/a
Boeing 707	10	February 1980
Boeing 737-100	5	September 1972
Boeing 737-200	23	March 1978
Boeing 737-400	36		(37 still in service)
Boeing 737-500	9	October 2000
Boeing 737-700 BBJ	1	June 2003
Boeing 737-800	2	March 2006	Leased out from Travel Service Airlines
Boeing 747-200	4	October 2005
Boeing 747-300	1	April 2002
Boeing 747-400	8		(13 still in service)
Bristol Britannia	9	1963	Malayan Airways leased from BOAC 1961-1963
Britten Norman Islander	4
De Havilland Canada Comet	7	November 1969	5 operated by Malaysian Airways/ Malaysia-Singapore Airlines 1965-1969, 2 leased to Malaysia-Singapore Airlines from BOAC 1967-1969
De Havilland Canada DHC Beaver
De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter	7	August 2006
Fokker F27	20
Fokker F50	12	August 2006	Now operated by MAS subsidiaries, , MASWings, Firefly albeit only 10 of them
Douglas DC-3
Douglas DC-4
Lockheed Super Constellation
McDonnell Douglas DC-10	6	March 2000
McDonnell Douglas MD-11	6	March 2000
Twin Pioneers	2
Vickers Viscount	2	September 1963	Malayan Airways 1959-1963

Cabin

Malaysia Airlines offers travel classes First, Golden Club, and Economy Class.

First Class

The newer version of First Class was introduced in 2005 and is only available on the Boeing 747-400 with 12 or 18 seats. It features a 180 degree flat bed seat with a pitch of 80" and a width of 20.5". The passenger can choose from a variety of positions at the touch of a button. The seat also doubles as a visitor’s seat. There is a 115 AC power outlet for the notebook or electronic devices, 15-inch LCD touch screen monitor for Select 3000i that can be stowed away when not in use and a personal controller unit. Amenity kit and a turn down seat service is available on all flights, where the cabin crew will transform the seat into a bed. First Class cabins are fitted with mood lighting system where it is synchronised with the time and duration of the journey which enables passengers to adjust to the destinations' time zone, reducing the effects of jetlag.

New business class

Golden Club Class

Business Class or Golden Club Class is available on all of Malaysia Airlines fleet. The newer business class that was introduced in 2005 can only be found on Boeing 747-400 which has 41 seats , Boeing 777-200ER which has 35 seats. It features 171 degree lie flat seat with a pitch of 58" on the Boeing 747s and the Boeing 777s. The seat is a width of 20.25" which is electronically controlled that can choose from a variety of positions at the touch of a button. There is a 10.4-inch LCD touch screen monitor, a personal controller unit and a 115 AC power outlet for other devices into. Other business class are available on Airbus A330-300 series feature recliners. Apart from First Class cabins, Golden Club Class cabins are also fitted with mood lighting system where it is synchronised with the time and duration of the journey which enables passengers to adjust to the destinations' time zone, reducing the effects of jetlag.

Economy Class

Economy Class is available on all of Malaysia Airlines fleet. The seats feature a pitch of 34" and width of 18" with foot rests and lumbar support except B737-400. On Boeing 747-400, Boeing 777-200ER and Airbus A330-200, it offers a 6.5" Personal TV located behind each seat and footrest located below the seat in front while the Airbus A330-300 only offers audio entertaiment with a movie or 2 to be viewed by every passenger on the overhead LCD screen while the Boeing 737-400 is a standard seat only. 2 or rarely 3 choices of meals will be served to passengers on medium and long haul flights while mealboxes will be served to passenger on certain short haul flights. Orange Juice, Mineral Water, Coffee and Tea (selection of either Chinese Tea or English Tea) are the usual choices of beverages. Beer, Wine and other beverages are also available but only on international flights.

In-flight entertainment

Select 3000i Portable Media Player

Select is the in-flight entertainment system of Malaysia Airlines. There are three types of Select, Select 3000i and Select Mainscreen. However, Boeing 737-400 doesn't have Select Mainscreen or Select 3000i and doesn't offer audio entertainment or an overhead screen.

Select 3000i

All Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777 and Boeing 747 aircraft are fitted with the Select 3000i. Passengers can choose over 500 hours of audio and video programming. With 200 music CDs and 50 on-demand movies and television shows available, passengers can start, stop, forward and rewind their selected programme at will. A touch screen personal TV is available for First Class passengers and Golden Club Class (Business Class) on board Boeing 747-400 and Boeing 777-200ER aircraft. Select 3000i is developed by Panasonic Avionics Corporation. Apart from offering programs in 14 languages, Select 3000i also offers free language lessons in 22 languages.

Select 3000i Portable Media Player

Developed by e.Digital Corporation, Select 3000i Portable Media Player is an inflight entertainment system provided to Malaysia Airlines' Business Class passengers on selected regional, semi-long haul A330-300 aircraft on North and South Asia routes. Passengers can choose over 100 hours of on-demand movies, TV shows, and sports. The system is similarly used by Lufthansa, Air France-KLM and Alitalia.

Select Mainscreen

This is available on the Airbus A330 series . The Airbus A330-300 does not have personal screen and offers only audio entertaiment. Movies are played on the mainscreen and also the overhead screen. The Airbus A330-200 have a personal tv screen on every seat but only offers limited choice of entertainment.

Frequent flyer programs

Malaysia Airlines has two frequent flyer programs, Grads for Students by Malaysia Airlines (Grads) and Enrich by Malaysia Airlines (Enrich). Grads is a frequent flyer program with benefits designed for students. Enrich by Malaysia Airlines is a frequent flyer program for frequent travelers that comprises a variety of airlines, banks, credit card issuers, hotels and lifestyle retailers around the world.

Enrich by Malaysia Airlines

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On September 30, 1987, Malaysian Airline System introduced the Esteemed Traveller frequent flyer program. In the early 1990s, Malaysia Airlines, Cathay Pacific Airways, Thai Airways International and Singapore Airlines launched their joint Asian frequent flyer program Passages. The joint program was officially dissolved in 1999 and the Enrich frequent flyer program made its debut after the split from Passages.

Enhanced Enrich

On July 12, 2006, Malaysia Airlines introduced its enhanced Enrich frequent flyer program. The program is now known as Enrich by Malaysia Airlines (Enrich), modeled after its more successful frequent flyer program Grads for Students by Malaysia Airlines. One of the enhancements in the program was the introduction of the Enrich Silver membership, which focuses on economy class travelers, while retaining the other memberships – Enrich Blue, Enrich Gold and Enrich Platinum.

Member

Enrich current membership of one million is spread over 240 countries, with the strongest in Malaysia at about 60%, followed by Australia (14%), Singapore, Britain and the US. Enrich membership numbers have been growing at an average of 23 percent per year, well above the industry’s average of 18 percent. Enrich members clocked in a total of 2.5 billion miles in 2005.

Benefits

There are four levels of Enrich memberships, each offering privileges including priority check-in, priority standby, extra baggage allowance, amongst others. Miles can be accrued on qualifying Malaysia Airlines services, as well through partners, including airlines, hotels, car rental agencies and credit card companies. Miles accrued by members allow for redemption for free travel, free upgrades and other complimentary services.

Partners

Members of Enrich are able to accrue miles on qualifying flights/stays on the Enrich Partners such as:

Air France All Nippon Airways KLM Swiss International Air Lines

Northwest Airlines Virgin Atlantic Hilton Hotels Corporation InterContinental Hotels Group

Virgin Blue

Grads

Grads for Students

GRADS is Malaysia Airlines' frequent flyer program for students above 12 years old. The program enables students holding the membership card to enjoy benefits from Malaysia Airlines and partners merchant outlets.

Benefits

Students holding GRADS membership card are entitled for discounted airfare, and also discounts on partners merchant outlets.

Codeshare & Partners agreements

Malaysia Airlines has codesharing partnerships with 25 airlines – including four from SkyTeam, two from oneworld and seven from Star Alliance - and is close to signing further codeshare deals in India and Turkey.

• Air India
• Air Mauritius
• Alitalia
• All Nippon Airways
• BMI
• Cathay Pacific
• China Southern Airlines
• Dragonair
• Garuda Indonesia
• Gulf Air
• KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
• Korean Air
• Myanmar Airways International
• Philippine Airlines
• Qatar Airways
• Royal Brunei Airlines
• SilkAir
• Singapore Airlines
• South African Airways
• SriLankan Airlines
• Thai Airways International
• Uzbekistan Airways
• Virgin Blue

Incidents & accidents

Malaysia Airlines is accredited by IATA with the IOSA (IATA Operations Safety Audit).

There have been two accidents involving passenger fatalities on Malaysia Airlines.Total death are 134 fatalities.

• 4 December 1977 - A Boeing 737-200 (9M-MBDdisaster) as Flight 653 was hijacked, and crashed in Tanjung Kupang, Johor killing 100 people aboard.

• 15 September 1995 - A Fokker F50 (9M-MGHdisaster) crashed during approach in Tawau, Sabah due to wind shear. 34 passengers were killed.

Other non fatal incidents

• 18 December 1983 - An Airbus A300 (OY-KAA) leased from Scandinavian Airlines as Flight 684 crashed 2km short of the runway in Subang on a flight from Singapore. There were no fatalities but the aircraft was written off.

• 15 March 2000 - An Airbus A330-300 (9M-MKB) was damaged by a chemical called oxalyl chloride which leaked from canisters when unloading, causing damage to the fuselage. The 5 year old Airbus was damaged and was written off.

• 30 November 2003 - A cable in a Boeing 777-200ER that allows pilots to turn the plane on the ground had snapped before the Bombay-bound jet was to take off. The incident came just weeks after several wires on an Airbus A330-300 bound for Australia were found to have been cut shortly before take-off. Three of the airline's staff were arrested and later released over what a spokesman described as an act of vandalism, not sabotage. The government and police regarded both incidents as sabotage.

• 1 August 2005 - A Boeing 777-200ER (9M-MRG) made an emergency landing in Perth after the fly-by-wire primary flight control and autopilot failed to operate.

• 3 November 2006- A Boeing 777-200 (9M-MRI) encountered problems shortly after lifting out of Arlanda Airport in Stockholm, Sweden, when the #1 jet engine on the left wing catastrophically failed, and burst into flames. Although the crew did not initially get any indication in the cockpit that something was wrong, they were forced to turn back to Stockholm, where the plane landed safely

• 23 November 2007- An Airbus A330-300 flying to Seoul which took off from KLIA at 1:10am made an emergency landing at Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam after smoke was detected in its cargo compartment. The aircraft landed safely in Ho Chi Minh City at 3:11 am.

• 24 November 2007 - An Airbus A330-300 from Guangzhou was forced to circle KLIA due to landing gear malfunction. The crew manage to lower the landing gear manually and the flight landed safely, although the runway had to be closed due to spillage

External links

• Malaysia Airlines - Official website
• Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad - Parent Company